Amneesh Singla

Tribological characteristics of Mongongo-oil–based biodiesel blended lubricant

ABSTRACT Around the globe there is demand for the development of a bio-based lubricant which is biodegradable, nontoxic, and environmentally friendly. This paper outlines the friction and wear characteristics of Mongongo biodiesel contaminated bio-lubricant by using pin-on-disc tribometer. To formulate the bio-lubricants, Mongongo-oil (MO)–based biodiesel was blended in the ratios 5%, 8%, and 12% by volume with the base lubricant SAE 20W 40. Tribological characteristics of these blends were carried out at 3.8 m/s sliding velocity, and loads applied were 50, 100, 150 N. Experimental results showed that the lubrication regime that occurred during the test was boundary lubrication, while the main wear mechanism was the adhesive wear. During testing, the lowest wear was found with the addition of 5% and 8% MO-based biodiesel, and above this contamination, the wear rate was increased considerably. The addition of 5% (MO 5) and 8% (MO 8) MO-based biodiesel with the base lubricant acted as a very good lubricant additive which reduced the friction and wear rate during the test. It has been concluded that the MO 5 and MO 8 can act as an alternative lubricant to increase the mechanical efficiency at 3.8 m/s sliding velocity and contribute in reduction of dependence on the petroleum-based products.

Tribological characterization of Pongamia pinnata oil blended bio-lubricant

We, the Editor and Publishers of Biofuels have retracted the following article: Yashvir Singh, Amneesh Singla, Anshul Kumar Singh & Avani Kumar Upadhyay (2018) Tribological characterization of Pongamia pinnata oil blended bio-lubricant, Biofuels, 9:4, 523-530, DOI: 10.1080/17597269.2017.1292017 This article has been retracted due to image duplication and manipulation. An investigation was conducted, and “worn surface image” panels in Figure 7 were found to be published in two other articles. What the images are said to represent varies by article and the authors have not been able to provide the original images. Thus, the conclusions of the present article cannot be verified. The two other articles include: Yashvir Singh, Rajnish Garg & Ajay Kumar (2016) Tribological behavior of pongamia oil as a lubricant additive, Energy Sources, Part A: Recovery, Utilization, and Environmental Effects, 38:16, 2406-2412, DOI: 10.1080/15567036.2015.1089341 (the entirety of Figure 6 is identical to Figure 7 of this retracted article) Yashvir Singh, Rajnish Garg & Suresh Kumar (2017) Effect of load on friction and wear characteristics of Jatropha oil bio-lubricants, Biofuels, 8:1, 125-133, DOI: 10.1080/17597269.2016.1215065 (Figure 8(a) 150 N and 8(d) 150 N are the same, after resizing (stretching), as Figure 7(c) and 7(d) of this retracted article, respectively) The authors do not agree with the retraction. We have been informed in our decision-making by our policy on publishing ethics and integrity and the COPE guidelines on retractions. The retracted article will remain online to maintain the scholarly record, but it will be digitally watermarked on each page as “Retracted”.

Tribological behavior of pongamia oil-based biodiesel blended lubricant at different loads

ABSTRACT Around the globe there is a demand for the development of bio-based lubricants that are biodegradable, non-toxic, and environmentally friendly. This paper outlines the friction and wear characteristics of pongamia biodiesel contaminated bio-lubricant using a pin-on-disc tribometer. To formulate the bio-lubricants, pongamia oil-based biodiesel was blended in ratios of 5, 10, and 20% by volume with the base lubricant SAE 20W40. The tribological characteristics of these blends were carried out at 2.5 m/s sliding velocity and the loads applied were 50, 100, and 150 N. Experimental results showed that the lubrication regime present during the test was boundary lubrication, while the main wear mechanism was adhesive wear. During testing, the least wear was found with the addition of 5 and 10% pongamia oil-based biodiesel, and above this level of contamination the wear rate increased considerably. The addition of 5 and 10% pongamia oil-based biodiesel with the base lubricant represents a very good lubricant additive which reduced the friction and wear rate during the test. It has been concluded that both PBO 5 and PBO 10 can act as an alternative lubricant to increase mechanical efficiency at 2.5 m/s sliding velocity and contribute to the reduction of dependence on petroleum-based products.

Sustainability of Moringa-oil–based biodiesel blended lubricant

ABSTRACT Around the globe there is a demand for the development of bio-based lubricant which will be biodegradable, nontoxic, and environmentally friendly. This article outlines the friction and wear characteristics of Moringa based oil-contaminated bio-lubricant by using pin-on-disc tribometer. To formulate the bio-lubricants, Moringa-oil-based biodiesel was blended in the ratios 5, 8, and 12% by volume with the base lubricant SAE 20W40. Tribological characteristics of these blends were carried out at 3.8 m/s sliding velocity and loads applied were 50, 100, and 150 N. Experimental results showed that the lubrication regime that occurred during the test was boundary lubrication while the main wear mechanism was the adhesive wear. During testing, the lowest wear was found with the addition of 5 and 8% Moringa-oil-based biodiesel, and above this contamination, the wear rate increased considerably. The addition of 5 and 8% Moringa-oil-based biodiesel with the base lubricant acted as a very good lubricant additive which reduced the friction and wear rate during the test. It has been concluded that MO 5 and MO 8 can act as alternative lubricants to increase the mechanical efficiency at 3.8 m/s sliding velocity and contribute to reduction of dependence on the petroleum-based products.

Friction and wear characteristics of jatropha oil-based biodiesel blended lubricant at different loads

ABSTRACT Around the globe there is demand for the development of bio-based lubricants, which will be biodegradable, nontoxic, and environmental friendly. This paper outlines the friction and wear characteristics of jatropha biodiesel-contaminated bio-lubricant using a pin-on-disc tribometer. To formulate the bio-lubricants, jatropha oil-based biodiesels were blended at the ratios 4, 12, and 20% by volume with the base lubricant SAE 20 W 40. Tribological characteristics of these blends were carried out at 3.8 m/s sliding velocity and loads applied were 50, 100, and 160 N. Experimental results showed that the lubrication regime that occurred during the test was boundary lubrication while the main wear mechanism was adhesive wear. During testing, the lowest wear was found with the addition of 4 and 12% jatropha oil-based biodiesel, and above this contamination, the wear rate was increased considerably. The addition of 4 and 12% jatropha oil-based biodiesel with the base lubricant acted as a very good lubricant additive, which reduced the friction and wear rate diameter during the test. It has been concluded that JBO 4 and JBO 12 can act as an alternative lubricant to increase the mechanical efficiency at 3.8 m/s sliding velocity and contribute to reducing the dependence on petroleum-based products.

Statistical Analysis of Process Parameters in Drilling of Al/Al2O3p Metal Matrix Composites

Abstract This paper presents a statistical analysis of process parameters for surface roughness in drilling of Al/Al2O3p metal matrix composite. The experimental studies were conducted under varying spindle speed, feed rate, point angle of drill. The settings of drilling parameters were determined by using Taguchi experimental design method. The level of importance of the drilling parameters is determined by using analysis of variance. The optimum drilling parameter combination was obtained by using the analysis of signal-to-noise ratio. Through statistical analysis of response variables and signal-to-noise ratios, the determined significant factors are depth of cut and drill point angle with the contributions of 87% and 12% respectively, whereas the cutting speed is insignificant contributing by 1% only. Confirmation tests verified that the selected optimal combination of process parameter through Taguchi design was able to achieve desired surface roughness.

Wear Properties of A356/Al2O3 Metal Matrix Composites Produced by Insitu Squeeze Casting Techniques

Tribological behaviour of vanadium pentoxide reinforced A356 composite prepared by reacting oxide particles in different weight percentage with A356. The effect of oxide powder addition on tribological properties of produced composite was investigated. Sliding velocity, sliding distance, normal load and mass fraction of V2O5 particles were among the factors considered in the study. The influence of these factors on the tribological behaviour of the fabricated composite was analysed experimentally and discussed with surface morphologies. A notable augmentation in terms of hardness has been recorded which in turn enhanced and improved the tribological properties of prepared composites in comparison with the base alloy i.e. A356. Refinement of in situ V2O5 particles can be attributed the formation of hardened precipitates which in turn resulted in increase in the hardness of the composites.

Development and tribological characteristics of bio-based lubricant from Jatropha curcas oil

ABSTRACT This paper outlines the tribological characteristics of Jatropha oil (JO)-contaminated bio-lubricant by using a pin-on-disc tribometer. To formulate the bio-lubricants, JO was blended at the ratios 15, 30, and 50% by volume with the base lubricant SAE 20 W 40. The tribological characteristics of these blends were carried out at 3.8 m/s sliding velocity and 50, 100, and 150 N load were applied. Experimental results showed that the lubrication regime that occurred during the test was boundary lubrication whereas the main wear mechanisms were abrasive and adhesive wear. During testing, the lowest wear was found with the addition of 15% JO, and above this contamination, the wear rate was increased considerably. With increase in load, viscosity of all the bio-lubricants increases and meets the ISO VG 100 requirement at 40°C except for JB 50. The addition of JO in the base lubricant acted as a very good lubricant additive, which reduced the friction and wear scar diameter during the test. It has been concluded that JB 15 can act as an alternative lubricant to increase the mechanical efficiency at 3.8 m/s sliding velocity and contribute in reducing the dependence on petroleum-based products.

Microstructure and wear behavior of Al-Al2O3 in situ composites fabricated by the reaction of V2O5 particles in pure aluminum

Abstract In this study, fabrication of Al based in situ composites and their formation mechanism is investigated through the stir casting approach. In situ composites were prepared with the addition of various amounts of V2O5 particles in pure aluminum. Due to the reaction of vanadium pentoxide with the molten aluminum, Al2O3 (alumina) is formed. X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and microscopy were used for the examination of the produced in situ composites. Increment in hardness was observed in cast in situ composites as compared to the pure aluminum. Friction and wear behaviors of cast in situ composites were studied by using a pin on disc tribo tester. The investigation showed that the wear loss and coefficient of friction increases with the load. The result indicates that wear rate increases with higher percentage of addition. The different phases formed are shown by the XRD study and the presence of Al3V and alumina in the composite enhanced the properties.

Prospects of inedible plant oil-driven bio-lubricants for tribological characteristics – a review

ABSTRACT Fossil fuel resource is on the draining stage which leads to an increment in the cost of the petroleum products. Nowadays, research is focused on the development of environmental friendly lubricants which are derivatives of renewable sources. Inedible plant oil-driven bio-lubricants are environmentally friendly because they are non-hazardous, biodegradable, as well as there is no emission of toxic gases. This study involves the characterisations, advantages, as well as utilisation of inedible plant oil-driven bio-lubricants as an alternative for tribological applications. This report presents the status about the global lubricant market as well as potential outlook. Inedible plant oil-driven bio-lubricants bear high viscosity, high lubricity, and high viscosity index which can enhance the equipment service life and has the ability to carry high load and results in minimum amount of metal traces during combustion.