Yasuhiro Kitazoe

Harmonic‐intensity analysis of normal and hoarse voices

Objective evaluation of normal and hoarse voices is performed considering the characteristic that hoarse voices show a prominent fundamental frequency intensity compared with harmonics in the voice spectrum. The relative harmonic intensity Hr, obtained from a stable portion of the sustained vowel/a/, is defined as the intensity of the second and higher harmonics expressed as a percentage of the total voice intensity. Ninety-five percent of the normal voices examined have Hr larger than the critical value of 67.2%, whereas 90% of the hoarse voices have Hr smaller than the critical value. The harmonic-intensity analysis thus provides good discrimination between normal and hoarse voices.

Pion production mechanism in high energy heavy ion collisions

Abstract We study the mechanism of pion production in high energy heavy ion collisions with the nuclear cascade model developed in a previous paper. We describe time-dependently the reaction rates of the processes N+N→N+Δ, N+Δ→N+N, Δ→N+π, and N+π→Δ, to discuss the achievement of the chemical equilibrium. The importance of final Δ−N and π−N interactions is pointed out. The present cascade model reproduces well the observed pion yields in Ar+KCl high multiplicity events, without introducing the nuclear compression effect. The reason of the agreement is discussed by decomposing a variety of conditions employed in this model, and by reproducing the situations of Cugnons cascade model and others.

Nuclear compression effects of pion production in nuclear collisions

Abstract We show that the method of analyzing the pion excitation function proposed by Stock et al. may determine only a part of the nuclear matter equation of state. With the addition of missing kinetic energy terms the implied high density nuclear equation of state would be much stiffer than expected from conventional theory. A stiff equation of state would also follow if shock dynamics with early chemical freeze out were valid.

New cascade model calculation of pion multiplicity in high-energy heavy-ion collisions☆

Abstract Pion multiplicities in nuclear collisions are calculated using the nuclear cascade model developed by Kitazoe et al. This cascade model differs in particular from previous models in the way binding, Pauli principle, and Fermi motion effects are treated. The treatment of such details in the cascade is found to have significant influence on the pion multiplicities. Close agreement with the Ar + KCl central collision data is obtained without introducing the compressional energy effect postulated by Stock et al.

Developmental Changes in Mitochondrial Components in Liver of Newborn Rats

Chronological studies on the respiratory function and membrane components of newborn rat liver mitochondria revealed that perinatal mitochondria retained considerably well-coupled oxidative phosphorylation that functioned in sites II and III prior to site I. The ratio of protein to phospholipid contents (mg/mumol) was low in these mitochondria, in which phospholipids were characterized by their high phosphatidylethanolamine contents (43% of the total phospholipids) and low cardiolipin contents (6% of the total), as compared to those of the adult. The fatty acid composition in major phospholipid species was also different from those of the adult. These characteristics altered with development, and the carbamylphosphate synthetase contents markedly increased from 12 to 20% of the total polypeptides in 10 days postnatal time. From these results structural and functional completion of mitochondria accompanying development is discussed from a mitochondrial biogenesis viewpoint.

Quantitative determination of overlapped proteins in sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis

A method for resolving an overlapped polypeptide pattern of sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis was described. The procedure was essentially a Gaussian fitting using the least squares method, and could resolve more than 20 overlapped components simultaneously. The applicability to overlapped and shouldered patterns was evaluated using practical electrophoretic data with varying amounts of mitochondrial samples. The relative contents of respective polypeptide components gave a good agreement regardless of the loaded amounts.

Theoretical analysis on relationship between the neural activity and the EEG

Firstly, a collective oscillation mode of the neural activity is derived from the neural network system by using the multicompartment equation and the projection operator technique. This technique takes into account higher order interactions among neurons. The solution of the equation gives a chain structure with an infinite number of circuit loops in which each of them is only composed of four neurons. The obtained eigenvalues are quite similar to the spectrum of frequencies of the EEG. Secondly, the time-dependent behavior of the observed EEG is simulated by starting from the elementary process of action potential trains of neurons, which includes the effect of the collective oscillation mode mentioned above. This gives a comprehensive derivation of the EEG from the neural activity of action potentials. The simulation assumes that information of the action potential trains can be transmitted to the EEG through the intermediate states of the postsynaptic potential trains and the slow waves. The paper reports that a slightly modulated activity of a relatively small amount of neurons can cause a strong influence on the shape of the global EEG and that the calculated results reproduce the characteristic features of the EEG in a rat such as the theta rhythm, the spindle wave and the arousal wave.

Primary Projectile Fragmentation Distribution in High Energy Heavy Ion Collisions

Yasuhiro KIT AZOE), Osamu HASHIMOTO) Hiroshi TOKI,* Yasunori YAMAMURA· and Mitsuo SANO Lawrence Berkeley Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720 Cyclotron Laboratory, Department of Physics and Astronomy Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824 •• Department of Applied Physics, Okayama College of Science, Okayama 700 ••• Institute for Nuclear Study, University of Tokyo, Tanashi, Tokyo 188 (Received September 29, 1983)