Yauhen Baravets

Coherently combined power of 20 W at 2000 nm from a pair of thulium-doped fiber lasers

We experimentally demonstrated coherent beam combining of a pair of thulium-doped fiber lasers using an all-fiber Fox‐Smith resonator. We built two thulium-doped fiber lasers from PM fibers and pumped them at 793 nm. Each laser provided a power of more than 10 W at a wavelength of 2000 nm with a slope efficiency of more than 0.5. Then a compound Fox‐Smith resonator was created using the PM coupler. The obtained laser power was more than 20 W due to a constructive interference at the output of the laser, while the slope efficiency decreased to a value of 0.35. A stable CW output signal was achieved despite the fact that the individually operated lasers had the tendency to self-pulsate. (Some figures may appear in colour only in the online journal)

Enhanced pump absorption efficiency in coiled and twisted double-clad thulium-doped fibers.

Results of the first experimental demonstration of the recently proposed technique for improvement of the pump absorption in double-clad fibers by their simultaneous coiling and twisting are reported. The peak absorption (14 dB) of 3-m long hexagonal thulium-doped fiber was increased by 8 dB by its simultaneous coiling and twisting. Explanation of the effect is given by numerical modelling of the pump absorption in hexagonal and panda-type double-clad fibers. Improvement of fiber laser performance was also proved. The slope efficiency increased from 19.6% of the straight fiber to 23.9% of the coiled only fiber and 29.4% of the simultaneously coiled and twisted fiber.

High-power fiber laser with a polarizing diffraction grating milled on the facet of an optical fiber

We milled a sub-wavelength diffraction grating on the facet of a large mode area fiber. The diffraction grating had different reflectivities for TE and TM polarized light. It was tested in a thulium-doped fiber laser where it functioned as a low reflectivity output mirror integrated with an intracavity polarizer. Compared to the laser with a perpendicularly cleaved output fiber, the laser with diffraction grating had a slightly increased threshold power and the same slope efficiency. The beam quality factor M2 was not impaired. Polarization extinction ratios of about 20 dB that were observed at low laser powers dropped to 10 dB at high powers.

A mode-locked thulium-doped fiber laser based on a nonlinear loop mirror

We have demonstrated an all-fiber mode-locked thulium-doped fiber laser with extremely long pulses, a very narrow spectrum and a high average power. The mode-locker is formed by a nonlinear loop mirror. The laser generates sinus-squared waveform with a repetition period of 82 ns and an average power between 100 and 150 mW. The wavelength is defined by the fiber Bragg grating and is 1956 nm.

Characterization of holmium fibers with various concentrations for fiber laser applications around 2.1 μm

In this work, we present experimental results of characterization of the developed holmium-doped silica-based optical fibers with holmium ions concentrations in the range from 1000 to 10000 ppm. The fibers were fabricated by the modified chemical vapor deposition and solution doping method. They were characterized in terms of their spectral attenuation, refractive index profile, and especially performance in fiber laser. Simultaneously, two different fiber laser setups were tested. In the first one, holmium-doped fiber in Fabry-Perot configuration was pumping by in house developed thulium-doped fiber laser in ring arrangement. In the second one, bulk-optic pump-coupling configuration, consisted of a commercially available thulium fiber laser emitting at 1940 nm and system of lenses and mirrors was used. We have focused on comparison of laser output powers, slope efficiencies, and laser thresholds for individual holmiumdoped fiber in these different laser arrangements. Finally, the application of the developed fiber in subpicosecond fiber laser with graphene-based saturable absorber for mode-locking operation was investigated.

Optimized mode-field adapter for low-loss fused fiber bundle signal and pump combiners

In our contribution we report novel mode field adapter incorporated inside bundled tapered pump and signal combiner. Pump and signal combiners are crucial component of contemporary double clad high power fiber lasers. Proposed combiner allows simultaneous matching to single mode core on input and output. We used advanced optimization techniques to match the combiner to a single mode core simultaneously on input and output and to minimalize losses of the combiner signal branch. We designed two arrangements of combiners’ mode field adapters. Our numerical simulations estimates losses in signal branches of optimized combiners of 0.23 dB for the first design and 0.16 dB for the second design for SMF-28 input fiber and SMF-28 matched output double clad fiber for the wavelength of 2000 nm. The splice losses of the actual combiner are expected to be even lower thanks to dopant diffusion during the splicing process.

Single-frequency fiber laser based on a fiber ring resonator filter tunable in a broad range from 1023 nm to 1107 nm

We present a broadly tunable single-frequency ytterbium-doped fiber laser. Its broadband tunability is made possible by low resonator losses. The wavelength is determined by a grating filter, while the single-frequency regime is achieved by filtering the longitudinal modes in a fiber ring resonance filter. We obtained a tuning range from 1023 nm to 1107 nm. A feedback loop driving a fiber stretcher actuated by a piezo-element prevents mode hopping. Based on the coherent delayed self-heterodyne interferometry, the laser linewidth is estimated to be 600 Hz with feedback open and 11.7 kHz with feedback closed.

Anti-reflection and polarizing photonic structures for high-power fiber applications

We investigated behaviours of 1D binary diffraction gratings fabricated on optical fiber facets. Only sub-wavelength structures were considered to suppress higher diffraction orders. The aperiodic rigorous coupled wave analysis, the Fourier modal method and the finite-difference time-domain numerical methods were used to compute and optimize the modal reflectance of the investigated structures. Optimized gratings were milled on fiber facets by focused ion beam. One of the gratings was tested in a thulium-doped fiber laser where it acted as a low re ectivity polarizing output mirror. A slope efficiency of the laser and a beam quality parameter were conserved while lasing threshold slightly increased.

Fiber facet gratings for high power fiber lasers

We numerically investigated the properties of diffraction gratings designated for fabrication on the facet of an optical fiber. The gratings are intended to be used in high-power fiber lasers as mirrors either with a low or high reflectivity. The modal reflectance of low reflectivity polarizing grating has a value close to 3% for TE mode while it is significantly suppressed for TM mode. Such a grating can be fabricated on laser output fiber facet. The polarizing grating with high modal reflectance is designed as a leaky-mode resonant diffraction grating. The grating can be etched in a thin layer of high index dielectric which is sputtered on fiber facet. We used refractive index of Ta2O5 for such a layer. We found that modal reflectance can be close to 0.95 for TE polarization and polarization extinction ratio achieves 18 dB. Rigorous coupled wave analysis was used for fast optimization of grating parameters while aperiodic rigorous coupled wave analysis, Fourier modal method and finite difference time domain method were compared and used to compute modal reflectance of designed gratings.

Coherent sources for mid-infrared laser spectroscopy

Mid-infrared laser absorption spectroscopy (LAS) is useful for molecular trace gas concentration measurements in gas mixtures. While the gas chromatography-mass spectrometry is still the gold standard in gas analysis, LAS offers several advantages. It takes tens of minutes for a gas mixture to be separated in the capillary column precluding gas chromatography from real-time control of industrial processes, while LAS can measure the concentration of gas species in seconds. LAS can be used in a wide range of applications such as gas quality screening for regulation, metering and custody transfer,1 purging gas pipes to avoid explosions,1 monitoring combustion processes,2 detection and quantification of gas leaks,3 by-products monitoring to provide feedback for the real-time control of processes in petrochemical industry,4 real-time control of inductively coupled plasma etch reactors,5, 6 and medical diagnostics by means of time-resolved volatile organic compound (VOC) analysis in exhaled breath.7 Apart from the concentration, it also permits us to determine the temperature, pressure, velocity and mass flux of the gas under observation. The selectivity and sensitivity of LAS is linked to a very high spectral resolution given by the linewidth of single-frequency lasers. Measurements are performed at reduced pressure where the collisional and Doppler broadenings are balanced. The sensitivity can be increased to ppb and sometimes to ppt ranges by increasing the interaction length in multi-pass gas cells or resonators and also by adopting modulation techniques.8