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Featured researches published by bo You.


Molecular Pain | 2010

Acupuncture modulates temporal neural responses in wide brain networks: evidence from fMRI study

Lijun Bai; Jie Tian; Chongguang Zhong; Ting Xue; Youbo You; Zhenyu Liu; Peng-Peng Chen; Qiyong Gong; Lin Ai; Wei Qin; Jianping Dai; Yijun Liu

BackgroundAccumulating neuroimaging studies in humans have shown that acupuncture can modulate a widely distributed brain network, large portions of which are overlapped with the pain-related areas. Recently, a striking feature of acupuncture-induced analgesia is found to be associated with its long-last effect, which has a delayed onset and gradually reaches a peak even after acupuncture needling being terminated. Identifying temporal neural responses in these areas that occur at particular time -- both acute and sustained effects during acupuncture processes -- may therefore shed lights on how such peripheral inputs are conducted and mediated through the CNS. In the present study, we adopted a non-repeated event-related (NRER) fMRI paradigm and control theory based approach namely change-point analysis in order to capture the detailed temporal profile of neural responses induced by acupuncture.ResultsOur findings demonstrated that neural activities at the different stages of acupuncture presented distinct temporal patterns, in which consistently positive neural responses were found during the period of acupuncture needling while much more complex and dynamic activities found during a post-acupuncture period. These brain responses had a significant time-dependent effect which showed different onset time and duration of neural activities. The amygdala and perigenual anterior cingulate cortex (pACC), exhibited increased activities during the needling phase while decreased gradually to reach a peak below the baseline. The periaqueductal gray (PAG) and hypothalamus presented saliently intermittent activations across the whole fMRI session. Apart from the time-dependent responses, relatively persistent activities were also identified in the anterior insula and prefrontal cortices. The overall findings indicate that acupuncture may engage differential temporal neural responses as a function of time in a wide range of brain networks.ConclusionsOur study has provided evidence supporting a view that acupuncture intervention involves complex modulations of temporal neural response, and its effect can gradually resolve as a function of time. The functional specificity of acupuncture at ST36 may involve multiple levels of differential activities of a wide range of brain networks, which are gradually enhanced even after acupuncture needle being terminated.


Psychiatry Research-neuroimaging | 2012

Altered topological patterns of brain networks in mild cognitive impairment and Alzheimer's disease: A resting-state fMRI study

Zhenyu Liu; Yumei Zhang; Hao Yan; Lijun Bai; Ruwei Dai; Wenjuan Wei; Chongguang Zhong; Ting Xue; Hu Wang; Yuanyuan Feng; Youbo You; Xinghu Zhang; Jie Tian

Recent studies have shown that cognitive and memory decline in patients with Alzheimers disease (AD) is coupled with losses of small-world attributes. However, few studies have investigated the characteristics of the whole brain networks in individuals with mild cognitive impairment (MCI). In this functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) study, we investigated the topological properties of the whole brain networks in 18 AD patients, 16 MCI patients, and 18 age-matched healthy subjects. Among the three groups, AD patients showed the longest characteristic path lengths and the largest clustering coefficients, while the small-world measures of MCI networks exhibited intermediate values. The finding was not surprising, given that MCI is considered to be the prodromal stage of AD. Compared with normal controls, MCI patients showed decreased nodal centrality mainly in the medial temporal lobe as well as increased nodal centrality in the occipital regions. In addition, we detected increased nodal centrality in the medial temporal lobe and frontal gyrus, and decreased nodal centrality mainly in the amygdala in MCI patients compared with AD patients. The results suggested a widespread rewiring in AD and MCI patients. These findings concerning AD and MCI may be an integrated reflection of reorganization of the brain networks accompanied with the cognitive decline that may lead to AD.


NMR in Biomedicine | 2012

Investigation of the effective connectivity of resting state networks in Alzheimer's disease: a functional MRI study combining independent components analysis and multivariate Granger causality analysis.

Zhenyu Liu; Yumei Zhang; Lijun Bai; Hao Yan; Ruwei Dai; Chongguang Zhong; Hu Wang; Wenjuan Wei; Ting Xue; Yuanyuan Feng; Youbo You; Jie Tian

Recent neuroimaging studies have shown that the cognitive and memory decline in patients with Alzheimers disease (AD) is coupled with abnormal functions of focal brain regions and disrupted functional connectivity between distinct brain regions, as well as losses in small‐world attributes. However, the causal interactions among the spatially isolated, but functionally related, resting state networks (RSNs) are still largely unexplored. In this study, we first identified eight RSNs by independent components analysis from resting state functional MRI data of 18 patients with AD and 18 age‐matched healthy subjects. We then performed a multivariate Granger causality analysis (mGCA) to evaluate the effective connectivity among the RSNs. We found that patients with AD exhibited decreased causal interactions among the RSNs in both intensity and quantity relative to normal controls. Results from mGCA indicated that the causal interactions involving the default mode network and auditory network were weaker in patients with AD, whereas stronger causal connectivity emerged in relation to the memory network and executive control network. Our findings suggest that the default mode network plays a less important role in patients with AD. Increased causal connectivity of the memory network and self‐referential network may elucidate the dysfunctional and compensatory processes in the brain networks of patients with AD. These preliminary findings may provide a new pathway towards the determination of the neurophysiological mechanisms of AD. Copyright


Journal of Magnetic Resonance Imaging | 2012

Modulatory effects of acupuncture on resting-state networks: a functional MRI study combining independent component analysis and multivariate Granger causality analysis.

Chongguang Zhong; Lijun Bai; Ruwei Dai; Ting Xue; Hu Wang; Yuanyuan Feng; Zhenyu Liu; Youbo You; Shangjie Chen; Jie Tian

To investigate acupuncture specificity by exploring causal relationships of brain networks following acupuncture at GB40 (Qiuxu), with the acupoint KI3 (Taixi) as a control (belonging to the same nerve segment but different meridians).


PLOS ONE | 2013

Altered Hub Configurations within Default Mode Network following Acupuncture at ST36: A Multimodal Investigation Combining fMRI and MEG

Youbo You; Lijun Bai; Ruwei Dai; Hao Cheng; Zhenyu Liu; Wenjuan Wei; Jie Tian

Acupuncture, an externally somatosensory stimulation in the Traditional Chinese Medicine, has been proposed about its modulations on the brains default mode network (DMN). However, it is still unknown on how the internal brain resting networks are modulated and what inferences can be made about the physiological processes underlying these changes. Combining high spatial resolution of functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) with high temporal resolution of magnetoencephalography (MEG), in the current multimodal study, we sought to explore spatiotemporally whether or not band-specific DMN hub configurations would be induced by verum acupuncture, compared with sham control. Spatial independent component analysis was applied to fMRI data, followed by the discrete regional sources seeded into MEG data. Partial correlation analysis was further adopted to estimate the intrinsic functional connectivity and network hub configurations. One of the most striking findings is that the posterior cingulate cortex is not only validated as a robust DMN hub, but served as a hub only within the delta and gamma bands following the verum acupuncture, compared with its consistently being a DMN hub in sham control group. Our preliminary results may provide a new perspective to lend support for the specificity of neural mechanism underlying acupuncture.


Evidence-based Complementary and Alternative Medicine | 2013

Hypothalamus-related resting brain network underlying short-term acupuncture treatment in primary hypertension.

Hongyan Chen; Jianping Dai; Xiaozhe Zhang; Kai Wang; Shuhua Huang; Qingtian Cao; Hong Wang; Yuhong Liang; Chuanying Shi; Mengyuan Li; Tingting Ha; Lin Ai; Shaowu Li; Jun Ma; Wenjuan Wei; Youbo You; Zhenyu Liu; Jie Tian; Lijun Bai

The present study attempted to explore modulated hypothalamus-seeded resting brain network underlying the cardiovascular system in primary hypertensive patients after short-term acupuncture treatment. Thirty right-handed patients (14 male) were divided randomly into acupuncture and control groups. The acupuncture group received a continuous five-day acupuncture treatment and undertook three resting-state fMRI scans and 24-hour ambulatory blood pressure monitoring (ABPM) as well as SF-36 questionnaires before, after, and one month after acupuncture treatment. The control group undertook fMRI scans and 24-hour ABPM. For verum acupuncture, average blood pressure (BP) and heart rate (HR) decreased after treatment but showed no statistical differences. There were no significant differences in BP and HR between the acupuncture and control groups. Notably, SF-36 indicated that bodily pain (P = 0.005) decreased and vitality (P = 0.036) increased after acupuncture compared to the baseline. The hypothalamus-related brain network showed increased functional connectivity with the medulla, brainstem, cerebellum, limbic system, thalamus, and frontal lobes. In conclusion, short-term acupuncture did not decrease BP significantly but appeared to improve body pain and vitality. Acupuncture may regulate the cardiovascular system through a complicated brain network from the cortical level, the hypothalamus, and the brainstem.


Journal of Magnetic Resonance Imaging | 2011

Investigation of acupoint specificity by multivariate granger causality analysis from functional MRI data

Yuanyuan Feng; Lijun Bai; Wensheng Zhang; Ting Xue; Yanshuang Ren; Chongguang Zhong; Hu Wang; Youbo You; Zhenyu Liu; Jianping Dai; Yijun Liu; Jie Tian

To investigate the acupoint specificity by exploring the effective connectivity patterns of the poststimulus resting brain networks modulated by acupuncture at the PC6, with the same meridian acupoint PC7 and different meridian acupoint GB37.


international conference of the ieee engineering in medicine and biology society | 2012

Exploring the effective connectivity of resting state networks in Mild Cognitive Impairment: An fMRI study combining ICA and multivariate Granger causality analysis

Zhenyu Liu; Lijun Bai; Ruwei Dai; Chongguang Zhong; Hu Wang; Youbo You; Wenjuan Wei; Jie Tian

Mild cognitive impairment (MCI) was recognized as the prodromal stage of Alzheimers disease (AD). Recent neuroimaging studies have shown that the cognitive and memory decline in AD and MCI patients is coupled with abnormal functions of focal brain regions and disrupted functional connectivity between distinct brain regions, as well as losses of small-world attributes. However, the causal interactions among the spatially isolated but function-related resting state networks (RSNs) are still largely unexplored in MCI patients. In this study, we first identified eight RSNs by independent components analysis (ICA) from resting state functional MRI data of 16 MCI patients and 18 age-matched healthy subjects respectively. Then, we performed a multivariate Granger causality analysis (mGCA) to evaluate the effective connectivity among the RSNs. We found that MCI patients exhibited decreased causal interactions among the RSNs in both intensity and quantity compared with normal controls. Results from mGCA indicated that the causal interactions involving the default mode network (DMN) became weaker in MCI patients, while stronger causal connectivity emerged related to the memory network and executive control network. Our findings suggested that the DMN played a less important role in MCI patients. Increased causal connectivity of the memory network and executive control network may elucidate the dysfunctional and compensatory processes in the brain networks of MCI patients. These preliminary findings may be helpful for further understanding the pathological mechanisms of MCI and provide a new clue to explore the neurophysiological mechanisms of MCI.


PLOS ONE | 2012

Acupuncture Induces Divergent Alterations of Functional Connectivity within Conventional Frequency Bands: Evidence from MEG Recordings

Youbo You; Lijun Bai; Ruwei Dai; Chongguang Zhong; Ting Xue; Hu Wang; Zhenyu Liu; Wenjuan Wei; Jie Tian

As an ancient Chinese healing modality which has gained increasing popularity in modern society, acupuncture involves stimulation with fine needles inserted into acupoints. Both traditional literature and clinical data indicated that modulation effects largely depend on specific designated acupoints. However, scientific representations of acupoint specificity remain controversial. In the present study, considering the new findings on the sustained effects of acupuncture and its time-varied temporal characteristics, we employed an electrophysiological imaging modality namely magnetoencephalography with a temporal resolution on the order of milliseconds. Taken into account the differential band-limited signal modulations induced by acupuncture, we sought to explore whether or not stimulation at Stomach Meridian 36 (ST36) and a nearby non-meridian point (NAP) would evoke divergent functional connectivity alterations within delta, theta, alpha, beta and gamma bands. Whole-head scanning was performed on 28 healthy participants during an eyes-closed no-task condition both preceding and following acupuncture. Data analysis involved calculation of band-limited power (BLP) followed by pair-wise BLP correlations. Further averaging was conducted to obtain local and remote connectivity. Statistical analyses revealed the increased connection degree of the left temporal cortex within delta (0.5–4 Hz), beta (13–30 Hz) and gamma (30–48 Hz) bands following verum acupuncture. Moreover, we not only validated the closer linkage of the left temporal cortex with the prefrontal and frontal cortices, but further pinpointed that such patterns were more extensively distributed in the ST36 group in the delta and beta bands compared to the restriction only to the delta band for NAP. Psychophysical results for significant pain threshold elevation further confirmed the analgesic effect of acupuncture at ST36. In conclusion, our findings may provide a new perspective to lend support for the specificity of neural expression underlying acupuncture.


international conference of the ieee engineering in medicine and biology society | 2011

Differential neural responses to acupuncture revealed by MEG using wavelet-based time-frequency analysis: A pilot study

Youbo You; Lijun Bai; Ruwei Dai; Ting Xue; Chongguang Zhong; Yuanyuan Feng; Hu Wang; Zhenyu Liu; Jie Tian

Acupoint specificity, lying at the core of the Traditional Chinese Medicine, still faces many controversies. As previous neuroimaging studies on acupuncture mainly adopted relatively low time-resolution functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) technology and inappropriate block-designed experimental paradigm due to sustained effect, in the current study, we employed a single block-designed paradigm together with high temporal-resolution magnetoencephalography (MEG) technology. We applied time-frequency analysis based upon Morlet wavelet transforming approach to detect differential oscillatory brain dynamics induced by acupuncture at Stomach Meridian 36 (ST36) using a nearby nonacupoint (NAP) as control condition. We observed that frequency power changes were mainly restricted to delta band for both ST36 group and NAP group. Consistently increased delta band power in contralateral temporal regions and decreased power in the counterparts of ipsilateral hemisphere were detected following stimulation at ST36 on the right leg. Compared with ST36, no significant delta ranges were found in temporal regions in NAP group, illustrating different oscillatory brain patterns. Our results may provide additional evidence to support the specificity of acupuncture modulation effects.

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Lijun Bai

Xi'an Jiaotong University

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Jie Tian

Chinese Academy of Sciences

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Zhenyu Liu

Chinese Academy of Sciences

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Chongguang Zhong

Chinese Academy of Sciences

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Hu Wang

Chinese Academy of Sciences

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Ruwei Dai

Chinese Academy of Sciences

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Wenjuan Wei

Chinese Academy of Sciences

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Yuanyuan Feng

Chinese Academy of Sciences

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Jianping Dai

Capital Medical University

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