Yu.A. Chesnokov

First results of experiments on high-efficiency single- crystal extraction of protons from the U-70 accelerator

A radical increase in the efficiency of beam extraction from an accelerator is achieved with a short (7 mm long) crystal bent by a small angle (1.7 mrad) by increasing the number of times particles pass through the crystal. A particle extraction efficiency of ~20%, in agreement with the prediction of the theory, was achieved experimentally. A record high intensity of the extracted beam 1.9×1011 protons per cycle, which is four orders of magnitude higher than previous results, is obtained.

Mathematical Model of Forecasting the Iron Ore Materials and Coke Quality Indicators

The iron ore raw materials and coke quality is the basic reserve of improvement of blast furnace technology. Some of the quality indicators of iron ore raw materials and coke and their influence on the main parameters of the blast furnace smelting are considered in this paper.

New results on efficient crystal extraction of protons from the 70 GeV accelerator at the Institute of High-Energy Physics

A record-high particle extraction efficiency, exceeding 40%, in agreement with theoretical predictions, is achieved using a short (5 mm long) crystal bent by 1.5 mrad. An extracted beam intensity of ∼6×1011 protons per cycle is obtained. This is five to six orders of magnitude higher than previous results.

The Coke and Iron Ore Materials Kinetic Characteristics and Quantitative Indicators of Blast Furnace Process

The most important problem at the blast furnace process developing is the great coke consumption decreasing at the minimization of the general energy costs. One of the most effective ways of iron-making technical progress is the iron ore materials and coke physicochemical properties improvement which allows to increase the iron productivity and decrease the specific coke rate without construction of new blast furnaces and concentrating mills. Some of the quality indicators of iron ore raw materials and coke and their influence on the main parameters of a blast furnace smelting are considered in the paper.

Methodical Basis of Investigation of Influence of the Iron Ore Materials and Coke Metallurgical Characteristics on the Blast Furnace Smelting Efficiency

A new method of the estimation of influence of the iron ore materials and coke metallurgical properties on the efficiency of blast furnace smelting is developed. It consists in the following stages: the laboratory tests with the definition of the iron ore materials and coke metallurgical properties; the analytical study of the influence of these characteristics on the efficiency of blast furnace smelting using by mathematical models; the experimental industrial and industrial tests. The developed methodological basis allows to obtain improved criteria for evaluating the metallurgical characteristics of the raw materials and to explain the mechanism of their effect on the reaction of the direct and indirect recovery in the blast furnace. Therefore it allows to formulate recommendations to improve the blast furnace smelting technology.

The Reduction Processes of the Titanium Containing Iron Ores Treatment

The questions of metallurgical processing of titanium-containing ores are considered. The ores and concentrates of the Kachkanarsky deposit of low-titanous and high-titanous are studied. The reducibility, durability, temperatures of a softening and melting of metallurgical iron ore raw materials are studied in vitro. Via X-ray the structural analysis are carried out. The calculations by means of mathematical models of pyrometallurgical processes are executed. Possibility of the processing of these ores according to schemes is shown: «blast furnace melting − converter melting» and «metallization – electric melting».

Mathematical Model of Forecasting the Coke Quality Indicators

A mathematical model for the forecasting of the basic metallurgical properties of coke depending on the quality indicators of coals and carbonization parameters is developed. The base of the model are the theoretical and statistical dependences of the physico-chemical and petrographic properties of initial coals on the reactivity and mechanical strength of the coke. These indicators depend on diffusion processes during carbonization. On the basis of initial data, the material and heat balance of the coking process are made and the product price is calculated. The full-function program includes: the initial database interactively formed on the basis of the coals quality certificates and concentrates; the calculating unit of forecasting of the coke properties, allowing to fulfil the mathematical model adapting for the concrete industrial conditions of carbonization process; the unit to calculate results. The calculated values, i.e. the Coke Reactivity Index (CRI) and the Coke Strength after Reaction (CSR) can be used further for technical and economical calculations in the balance logic-statistic model of the blast furnace smelting operation. Or using the feedback, it is possible to calculate necessary relations of the burden components for the carbonization.

Reduction Kinetics of Iron Ore Materials by Gases

The proposed balance logic-statistical model of the blast furnace process is based on the use of material and thermal balances along with calculations of heat- and mass exchange taking into account the non-uniformity of gas and burden distribution on the radius of the furnace and influence of the basic metallurgical characteristics of iron ore raw materials and coke on the indices of blast furnace operation. As a check of the applicability of the model, calculations on the most critical parameters of the blast furnace process – the smelting of ferromanganese and iron nickel with a graphical representation of heat- and mass exchange processes, dynamics of oxides reduction on the height and radius of the blast furnace have been carried out.

Improving blast-furnace efficiency by regulating the properties of iron-ore pellets

New principles are proposed for the quality control of iron-ore pellets by monitoring their reducing properties, softening temperature range, and strength on reduction (hot strength). For the example of pellets produced by AO Mikhailovskii GOK, this approach is shown to significantly improve the efficiency of blast-furnace smelting. The pellets’ reducing properties, softening temperature range, and hot strength are taken into account in calculating the market price of the iron-ore pellets. That improves the efficiency of mining and steel production.

Influence of Iron Ore Materials Softening Interval on Cohesive Zone Location and Form in Blast Furnace

Abstract The basic physicochemical properties of the iron ore materials defines the high reducibility, high temperature of the softening beginning and the small temperature interval of the softening and melting. Influence of the softening and melting interval of iron ore materials on technical and economical parameters of a number of blast furnaces of the Russian plants is calculated using the two-dimensional mathematical model of the blast furnace process. The analysis of influence of the softening and melting temperatures on the location and form of the cohesive zone is made using the complex of the two-dimensional mathematical models of the blast furnace process. In addition the degree of iron reduction in the bulk of the furnace is also considered. Possibility of the taking into account the quality influence the softening properties on the location and form of cohesive zone in the conditions of the radial nonuniform taking into account the blast furnace profile is established.