Yuhuan Zhao

Input-output analysis of carbon emissions embodied in China-Japan trade

ABSTRACT Energy-related CO2 emissions embodied in international trade have been widely studied by researchers all over the world. By using the bilateral trade input–output (BTIO) approach, this study investigates the CO2 emissions embodied in China–Japan trade during 1995–2009 and attempts to identify the driving forces for the change in CO2 emissions embodied in China’s exports to Japan during that period by using structural decomposition analysis (SDA). Result shows that CO2 emissions embodied in China’s exports increased by about 100% from 1995 to 2009, whereas those embodied in China’s imports increased by about 500% during the same period. Result of this research also reveals that the scale effect had a large influence on the increase in CO2 emissions embodied in China–Japan trade. The technical effect greatly decreased CO2 emissions embodied in China’s exports to Japan, but obviously increased those embodied in imports. The influence of the structural effect was relatively small and insignificant in the change of CO2 emissions embodied in China’s exports to Japan, but was notable in the change of emissions embodied in imports.

CO2 Emissions Embodied in China's Foreign Trade: An Investigation from the Perspective of Global Vertical Specialization

In light of the growth in vertically specialized in global trade, the present paper uses input– output tables from the World Input–Output Database to construct an environmental multi-regional input–output model to calculate the CO 2 emissions embodied in Chinas international trade during 1995–2009. The advantage of this model lies in its incorporation of the re-exported CO 2 emissions component embodied in trade and its ability to differentiate domesticsourced CO 2 emissions from foreign-sourced CO 2 emissions in trade. The results show that carbon emissions embodied in both Chinas exports and imports increased significantly during 1995–2009. One important reason for this is that the re-exported carbon emissions embodied in Chinas imported intermediate inputs increased substantially during this period. Our research reveals that accelerating the transformation of trade pattern and upgrading processing trade should be emphasized in the formulation of policy to prompt CO 2 emissions abatement in China.

Economic Benefits and Environmental Costs of China's Exports: A Comparison with the USA Based on Network Analysis

This paper decomposes economic benefits (value‐added) and environmental costs (CO2) of exports according to their sources, and maps the global value network (GVN) and the global emissions network (GEN) for Chinas exports during 1995–2009 from national, sectoral and national–sectoral perspectives. A comparison is conducted between China and the USA. National GVN and GEN show that shares of value‐added and CO2 emissions from China in its GVN and GEN both decreased first then increased after 2006, while shares from the USA in its GVN and GEN generally decreased. Sectoral GVN and GEN show that among Chinas exports, “electrical and optical equipment” and “electricity, gas and water supply” were, respectively, the sectors that obtained the most value‐added and emitted the most CO2. National–sectoral GVN and GEN for China exhibited reciprocal and disassortative patterns, and in‐strengths and out‐strengths of GVN and GEN for Chinas exports were mainly captured by several domestic country–sector pairs.