Yuliasri Jamal

DIVERSITAS DAN PROFIL METABOLIT SEKUNDER JAMUR ENDOFIT YANG DIISOLASI DARI TUMBUHAN GAMBIR (Uncaria gambler) SERTA AKTIVITAS BIOLOGISNYA SEBAGAI ANTIBAKTERI [Diversity and Secondary Metabolites Profiles of Endophytic Fungi Isolated from Gambir {Uncaria gambier) Plants and Their Biological Activities as Antibacteria]

Five kinds of endophytic filamentous fungi i.e. Pestalotiopsis sp. GNC, Fusarium sp. GNC-A, Fusahum sp. GNC-B, Pestalotiopsis sp. GUC and Fusarium sp. GUC were isolated from surface sterilized of steems of gambir nasi and gambir udang (Uncaria gambier Roxb.) collected from Rengat, Riau Province,Indonesia. Identification of the endophytic fungi were done through morphologically observations and chemotaxonomically approach. In an antibacterial assays, the ethyl acetate extract of the Pestalotiopsis sp.GNC cultures showed their activity against pathogenic bacteria, Eschericia coli, Staphylococcus aureus and Bacillus sublilis.Beside the above three pathogenic bacteria, the ethyl acetate extract of Fusarium sp. GNC-B culture was also active against

ANALISIS KOMPONEN KIMIA DAUN WATI {Piper methysticum Forst. f) [Analysis of chemical compounds of wati {Piper methysticum Forst. f]

Kecoa adalah salah satu jenis serangga yang dapat bertindak sebagai vektor penyakit yang disebabkan oleh protozoa, jamur dan cacrng (Harwood and James, Entomology in Human and Animal Health, 1979).Tercatat ada 12 jenis cacing yang dapat di transmisikan oleh kecoa (Faust, et aL, Clinical Parasitology, 1971).Salah satu jenis diantaranya adalah cacing berkepala duri, Moniliformis dubius (Acantho cephala; Moniliformidae).Jenis ini berinduk semang defimtif pada )enis-]enis Rattus,tetapi kasus pada manusia pemah dilaporkan dari Pakistan dan Hawaii (Faust, 1971).The study on the abundance and distribution of three species of botia namely B.hymenophysa Bleeker, B.macracantha (Bleeker,1852)W B.reversa (Roberts,1989) was conducted in Sibau watershed (from June 21 to July 10 1996) and in Embaloh watershed (from November 21 to December 10,1996 and from September 5 to September 25, 1997).It was found that the abundance of each B.hymenophysa, B.macracantha andB.tevctsz was not significant different in these two watershed.Among the fish species collected, these three species of Botia can b categorized as the group offish with low abundance.B.hymenophysa is the most widely distributed fish among three species o/Botia in these two watersheds.In these watersheds,this fish was more distributed in tributary sites than in mainstream sites of Embaloh and Sibau river.On the other hand, the distribution pattern of B.reversa in these watersheds was different. In Sibau watershed, this fish is more distributed in mainstream sites, in Embabh watershed however, this fish was more distributed in tributaries sites.In some localities the distribution of B.hymenophysa and B.reversa are overlaps. In Sibau river, B.macracantha was found both in mainstream sites and its tributary, but in Embabh river, it was found only in a tributary site. It was also found that these three Botia could co-exist with other species.Effect of Sucrose and Glutamine on Anter Culture ofSolanum khasianum Clarke, Djunaedi Gandawidjaja.Anther ofSolanum khasianum Clarke were cultured on MS medium enriched with sucrose (30, 60, 75, 90 g/l)combined with glutamine (0, 200, 400, 600 mg/l)or with sucrose (60 g/1) combined with glutamine at low concentrations (0, 0.5,2.5, 5.0,10.0,20.0,50.0 mg/l).Callus formation was affected by the interaction of sucrose and glutamine. Callus formation decreased with the increasing concentration of sucrose or glutamine. Combination of sucrose and glutamine was unable to regenerate planletfrom the callus.The study was conducted to analyse genetic diversity of Goffini Finsch Cockatoo (Cacatua goffini Finsch) bird using RAPD (Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA) marker.PCR (Polymerase Chain Reaction) was performed on DNA samples extracted from 14 birds,using 18 random 10-merprimers and 2 random 12-merprimers. Fourteen out of 20 primers (70 %) successfully amplified DNAfragmens and 11 out of 14 primers (78,57 %) generated 1-2 specific alkies.The result clearly demonstrated that the RAPD marker allows for genetic diversity analyses of these birds in efficiently. Tree of relationship among 14 birds showed that there were two groups in the population ofGoffin s Cockatoo.

KANDUNGAN SENYAWA ALKALOIDA, TANIN SERTA NILAI NUTRISI BEBERAPA JENIS HIJAUAN YANG DIBERIKAN PADATERNAK Dl PULAU TIMOR (The Contents of Alkaloid, Tannin and its Nutritional- Values from Several Browse Fed to Livestock in Timor Island)

A study was conducted in determining the contents of alkaloid, tannin and nutritional Values from six browses fed to fattening cattle in Timor island. The samples Were gmelina (Gmelina arborea Roxb.),pates/lamtoro (Leucaena leucocephala [Lamk.J De Wit),daun kupu-kupu (Bauhinia malabarica Roxb.), gala-galaAuri (Sesbania grandiflora [Li Pers.l gamal (Gliriddia sep/um [lick] Steud.).and kabesak (Acacialeucoohloea Willd.).Samples were collected during wet and dry seasons.Results showed that total number of alkaloid compounds varied from 14 to 30.There was an increase in concentration for alkaloid and tannin from Wet to dry season, however the concentrations were low (< 1%).The increase in the concentrations between seasons Were ranged from 20% to 32096.Nutritional values of the browse during wet season were considered high, however there is a need in evaluating the nutritional values of the browses during dry season as well.