Zeljko Loparic

Winnicott e o pensamento pós-metafísico

O proposito do trabalho e o de esbocar uma leitura heideggeriana de Winnicott. Partindo do fato de que o convite para tratar filosoficamente certos problemas fundamentais da psicanalise vem do proprio Freud, o autor tenta mostrar que seu pensamento pode ser proveitosamente aproximado do pensamento de Winnicott. Enquanto o filosofo postula a diferenca entre os multiplos sentidos de ser das coisas do mundo e o sentido de ser do homem, o psicanalista propoe que o processo de constituicao do sentido de ser, ignorado pela psicanalise tradicional, e uma tarefa que faz parte dos problemas intrinsecos ao existir humano desde o inicio e que essa questao nao pode mais ser acomodada no interior da metafisica da representacao. O texto nao se propoe a estabelecer uma unidade sistematica entre os dois pensadores, senao, antes uma afinidade conceitual que se situa nao apenas na area da epistemologia, mas sobretudo na da ontologia.

Winnicott's paradigm outlined

The main objective of this paper is to present a unified view of Winnicott’s contribution to psychoanalysis. Part I (Sections 1-4) starts off by recalling that, according to some important commentators, Winnicott introduced a change in paradigms in psychoanalysis. In order to show that this change can be viewed as an overall “switch in paradigms”, in the sense given by T. S. Kuhn, this paper presents an account of the Kuhn’s view of science and offers a reconstruction of Freud’s Oedipal, Triangular or “Toddler-in-the-Mother’s-Bed” Paradigm. Part II (Sections 5-13) shows that as early as the 1920’s Winnicott encountered insurmountable anomalies in the Oedipal paradigm and, for that reason, started what can be called revolutionary research for a new framework of psychoanalysis. This research led Winnicott, especially during the last period of his life, to produce an alternative dual or “Baby-on-the-Mother’s-Lap” Paradigm. This new paradigm is described in some detail, especially the paradigmatic dual mother-baby relation and Winnicott’s dominant theory of maturation. Final remarks are made regarding Winnicott’s heritage and the future of psychoanalysis.

Heidegger on Anthropology

Based on Sein und Zeit (1927) and on Zollikoner Seminare (1987), the present essay reconstructs some aspects of Heidegger’s proposal for a scientifi c anthropology as a general framework for the development of a science of healthy human beings as well as for the Daseinsanalytic account of human pathology and therapy. Th omas Kuhn’s concept of paradigm is used as a guiding idea in reconstructing Heidegger’s, scattered and unsystematic remarks. I. Heidegger on Philosophical and Scientifi c Anthropologies in Sein und Zeit Heidegger has often been interpreted as the decided critic of any philosophical anthropology and, therefore, of any and every science of man (see Fahrenbach 1970). Th is is certainly unobjectionable if philosophical anthropology is based upon traditional ontology, which treats the human beings as belonging to a region of entities merely present (vorhanden) in the world, and if the science of man is seen as a branch of natural science. Th is also appears Th e copyright on this essay belongs to the author. Th e work is published here by permission of the author and can be cited as Phenomenology 2005, Vol. II, Selected Essays from Latin America, ed. Zeljko Loparic and Roberto Walton (Bucharest: Zeta Books, 2007), available in printed as well as electronic form at www.zetabooks.com. Contact the author here: loparicz@uol.com.br 10

Das Faktum der Vernunft - eine semantische Auslegung

Die Kantforscher sind weit davon entfernt, sich über die Auslegung des Sinngehalts der kantischen These, dass es ein Faktum der Vernunft gabe, einig zu sein. Selbst die Formulierung dieser These steht in Frage.* Um meine Stellung zu diesen Schwierigkeiten abzuzeichnen, fange ich mit der Ortsbestimmung des Faktums der Vernunft im kantischen System an. Zu diesem Zwecke ist es notwendig, erst einmal klar zu machen, welches Problem Kanc mit der Behauptung des genannten Faktums lõsen wollte und welche die von ihm angewandte Methode war. Sein Problem soll soviel steht ohne weiteres fest in Verbindung mit dcn ínteressen der reinen Vernunft betrachtec werden. Welche sind also die ínteressen der Vernunft imAllgemeinen und wo haben sie ihren