Zelma Cason

Nodular hematopoiesis of the liver diagnosed by fine-needle aspiration cytology

A case of tumor‐like extramedullary hematopoiesis (EMH) of the liver diagnosed by fine‐needle aspiration cytology guided by computer tomography (CT) is reported. The initial clinical diagnosis was metastatic carcinoma from an adrenal gland primary. Five other cases of tumor‐like EMH diagnosed by FNA have been presented in the literature. In two of the cases, the primary clinical diagnosis was metastatic tumor. The most common location for tumor‐like EMH is paravertebral and intrathoracic. Three such cases of paravertebral tumor‐like EMH have been diagnosed by FNA. Nodular EMH can be found rarely in other organs as in the liver. Diagn. Cytopathol. 16:51–54, 1997.

Cytomorphology of Tyrosine-Rich Crystalloids in Fine Needle Aspirates of Salivary Gland Adenomas

OBJECTIVEnTo evaluate the presence of tyrosine-rich crystalloids (TRC) in fine needle aspiration (FNA) specimens of pleomorphic adenomas of salivary gland.nnnSTUDY DESIGNnFNA specimens from 12 patients were reviewed, and the percentage of cases showing TRC was established. The staining properties of the TRC were evaluated as well as spontaneous fluorescence under ultraviolet (UV) light.nnnRESULTSnOf the 12 pleomorphic adenomas, 4 showed TRC (30%) in the smears. Among the eight cytologically negative cases there were two that showed a few TRCs on histology. All positive cases were from African American patients. TRC stained weakly with Papanicolaou stain. TRC were deep blue with Diff-Quik. They fluoresced under UV light.nnnCONCLUSIONnTRC could be detected in FNA specimens. They were best seen under UV light. The Papanicolaou technique stained TRC very pale, making them difficult to see. Diff-Quik stained TRC dark blue, mimicking deposits of dye. The amount of TRC in histology paralleled the detection rate in cytology.

The assessment of an endocervical component in cervicovaginal smears with the PAPNET system

The use of neural network systems is on the rise. Among these systems is PAPNET which was recently approved by the FDA to re-evaluate negative cervicovaginal smears previously diagnosed by manual evaluation. The neural network of this system is used to locate representative samples for review and triage by cytotechnologists. The Bethesda System (TBS), requires the presence of an endocervical component (ECC) for smear adequacy, consisting of either endocervical cells and/or squamous metaplastic cells. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the reliability of this system in selecting and displaying an endocervical component. In addition, the evaluation of this study will provide an endorsement to previous findings regarding the efficiency of the PAPNET system. This study consisted of 158 cervicovaginal smears from patients with cytologic diagnoses of ASCUS by light microscopy triaged with the PAPNET system for detection of an endocervical component. The racial distribution of this group was as follows: Afro-American (132 cs.), Caucasian (26 cs.). The patients age ranged from 14 years to 64 years, with a mean of 26 years (n=26.1). Colposcopic biopsy diagnoses confirmed 32 as negative, 100 as low-grade squamous lesions, 26 as high-grade squamous lesions, and none with invasive carcinomas. Cases evaluated by the PAPNET system revealed that an endocervical component was on at least one of the two review screens. The results were as follows: no component-4 cases (2.53%), endocervical cells only-1 case (0.63%), metaplastic cells only-66 cases (41.77%), both metaplastic and endocervical cells-87 cases (55.06%). At least one of the necessary components required for specimen adequacy was found in 97% of the cases reviewed with the PAPNET system. This could be vital in reassuring smear adequacy and prove useful as part of an efficient quality assurance program in cytopathology.

The Role Of Sustained Delivery Of Estrogen And Androgen On Cytological Structures Of The Adrenal Gland Of Adult Rats Using TCPL Delivery Devices

The effectiveness of sustained delivery of reproductive h ones is often determined by the morpho cal and chemical changes observed in target organs. The effect of sustained delivery of androgens or estrogens computer progr on the architecture of the adrenal gland has not been investigate this investigation, porous implants o lcium phosphatelysine (TCPL), loaded with estrogen (20 pg/ml), testosterone ( 5 ng/ml), and testosterone plus estrogen were fabricated and implanted into the peritoneal (I/) cavity of adult male rats (BW 250-300 gm). The specific objective of this experiment is to determine the morphological and immunohistochemical changes that are histochemical s suspected to occur when the aforementioned hormone(s) loaded TCPL ceramics are introduced into the I/P cavity. A total of 60 adult male rats were used in this study. The animals were randomly divided into five s I, 11, and I11 animals TCPL devices loaded e (E), testosterone (T), bination of E and T, respectively. imal in group IV was implanted with d the animals in this . Group V animals were left unimplanted (intact) and served as a control group. Surgical aseptic teclmiquz was performed. The animals were maintained at the University of Mississippi Medical Center Animal Facilities following the rules and regulations established by NIH on the Care and Use of Laboratory Animals. At the end of 4, 8 and 12 weeks postimplantation, four animals from each revealed several include the foll

Maintenance of prostatic function by means of exogenous sustained delivery of testosterone in castrated male rats

The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of various dosages of testosterone (T) delivered in a sustained manner by means of a tricalcium phosphate-lysine (TCPL) delivery system on morphological changes of prostatic tissue using adult male rats as a model. In this experiment, adult male rats (250-300 g BW) were randomly divided into five equal groups (n=8). Rats in group I, II, and III were implanted subcutaneously with TCPL loaded with three different dosages (10, 100 and 200 mg, respectively) of T. Rats in group IV were implanted with sham TCPL capsules, and rats in group V served as intact unimplanted controls. At the end of 8 weeks post implantation, all animals were sacrificed and the prostate tissues were collected, weighted, and embedded for histo-pathological evaluations. Data collected from this study have shown that exogenous intake of T delivered in a sustained manner for eight weeks induced several pathophysiological conditions in ventral prostatic tissue in comparison to the control and sham operated groups. This phenomenon was found to be directly proportional to the dose or the level of sustained delivery. The results demonstrated that the use of 10 mg filled TCPL implants decreased the total mass weight of ventral prostate. Light microscopic evaluation of this group (Group I) revealed a cellular adaptation through an atrophy in the epithelium component. Cytopathological observations such as low cuboidal and thin glands, pleomorphism, and occasional presence of connective tissue stroma were detected. In contrast, ventral prostate collected from animals implanted with TCPL filled with 200 mg T (Group III) showed a significant increase in weights of the wet prostatic tissues in comparison to all groups. Histopathological evaluations demonstrated the following: (i) prostatic hypertrophy alone, or in conjunction with hyperplasia of the epithelial cells, (ii) less connective tissue stroma in comparison to the control group, (iii) occasional involvement of mitotic figures, and (iv) increased angiogenesis. No significant change was observed in those animals implanted with TCPL capsules containing 100 mg T compared to the intact control animals.

TCPL delivery system: the role of sustained delivery of testosterone enanthate on the fine structure of seminiferous tubule of adult male rats

It is well documented that testosterone stimulates protein anabolism, muscular development, bone growth and increased metabolic rate. In addition, exogenous low level of testosterone can inhibit the secretion of gonadotropins by the anterior pituitary. The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of sustained delivery of testosterone enanthate (TE) on the testicular architecture by means of tricalcium phosphate lysine (TCPL). In this experiment adult male Sprague Dawley rats (250-300 g BW) were randomly divided into three equal groups (n=16). Rats in group I were implanted subcutaneously with TE loaded TCP implants (4-6 ng/ml). Rats in group II were implanted with sham TCP capsules, and rats in group III served as intact unimplanted controls. Surgical aseptic techniques were performed according to standard laboratory procedures. At the end of 2 and 4 weeks post implantation, 8 animals from each group were sacrificed and the testes were collected, weighted, and embedded for histopathological evaluations. The results of this study revealed the following: (i) Sustained delivery of TE reduced spermatogonia numbers in animals after 2 and 4 weeks by approximately 10% in comparison to control animals. (ii) The lumen of the tubules showed slight regression after 4 weeks of TE treatment. (iii) Overall decrease of the vasculature of the experimental animals was seen after 2 and continued through 4 weeks with an occasional increase of microvasculature seen in animals treated for 4 weeks with TE. (iv) Finally, the germinal epithelium showed significant reduction in secondary spermatocytes and conversion to mature sperm.

The role of antioxidants-filled HAL delivery system on the fibrous tissue formation using adult rats as a model

Fibrous tissue formation is often used as a screening method to determine biocompatibility of orthopaedic and dental implanted material. In this investigation, porous implants of hydroxyapatitelysine (HAL) delivery devices filled with Vitamin E were implanted intraperitoneally (IP) using adult male rats as a model. The fibrous tissue surrounding the implant was studied histochemically to determine the resorbability rate of the devices. Fibrous capsular tissues were carefully dissected away from the capsule noting the tissue closest to the implanted material. Evaluation of the sections (5 /spl mu/m, H&E) collected from various areas of the implants (n=5 per group) revealed that: (1) all Vitamin E-HAL capsules were encapsulated with fibrous tissue within seven days post-implantation and the thickness of the fibrous tissue was found to be directly proportional to duration of implantation, (2) the thickness of fibrous tissues collected from IP site were significantly higher (22%/spl plusmn/3.4 SD) than those collected from SC site of implantation in another study, (3) vascularity, macrophages, fibroblasts, and plasma cells at the Vitamin E-HAL implant-interface were evident after the first week, and the persistence of these cell types and progressive angiogenesis in subsequent weeks was apparent. The formation of distinct cell layers was remarkable in the ninth week phase, (4) SEM and radiographs analysis of retrieved devices showed a significant (P<0.05) increase in the number of macropores (14 to 46 /spl mu/m/sup 2/) in HAL devices implanted SC than the number of macropores in HAL devices implanted IF. These observations confirm our previous finding using different biochemical material (TCPL). In conclusion, the results of this study demonstrate that the site of surgical implantation is an instrumental key in designing HAL delivery system.