Zhafir Aizat Husin

Performance comparison of 24S-10P and 24S-14P field excitation flux switching machine with single DC-Coil polarity

Flux switching machines (FSMs) that consist of all flux sources in the stator have been developed in recent years due to their advantages of single piece and robust rotor structure suitable for various speed applications. They can be categorized into three groups that are permanent magnet (PM) FSM, field excitation (FE) FSM, and hybrid excitation (HE) FSM. Both PMFSM and FEFSM has only PM and field excitation coil (FEC), respectively as their main flux sources, while HEFSM combines both PM and FECs. Among these FSMs, the FEFSM offers advantages of low cost, simple construction and variable flux control capabilities suitable for various performances. In this paper, design study and flux interaction analysis of a new 12S10P and 12S-14P FEFSM with single direction of DC FEC winding are presented. Initially, design procedures of the FEFSM including parts drawing, materials and conditions setting, and properties setting are explained. Then, coil arrangement tests are examined to confirm the machine operating principle and position of each armature coil phase. Finally, flux interaction between DC FEC and armature coil, FEC flux capabilities at various current condition, induced voltage and initial torque are also analyzed.

Design studies and effect of various rotor pole number of field excitation flux switching motor for hybrid electric vehicle applications

A new structure of field excitation flux switching motor (FEFSM) as an alternative candidate of non-Permanent Magnet (PM) machine for HEV drives is presented in this paper. Design principles and initial performances of the proposed motor at various rotor pole numbers with 12 stator slots are demonstrated. Initially, the coil arrangement tests are examined to validate the operating principle of the motor and to certify the zero rotor position. Furthermore, the profile of flux linkage, induced voltage, cogging torque, torque and power characteristics are observed based on 2D-finite element analysis (FEA). The results obtained show that the appropriate combination of stator slotrotor pole configurations are 12S-10P and 12S-14P which initially provide lowest cogging torque, highest power and torque with sinusoidal back-emf waveforms. Therefore, by further design modification and optimization it is expected that the low cost motor will successfully achieved the target performances.

Design study and analysis of hybrid excitation flux switching motor with DC excitation in radial direction

Research and development of hybrid excitation flux switching motors (HEFSMs) that combined both permanent magnet (PM) and DC field excitation coil (FEC) as their main flux sources have been an attractive investigation recently due to their overwhelming performances as well as flux control capabilities. Among different types of HEFSMs, the motor with both PM and FEC located on the stator has the advantage of robust rotor structure due to their high mechanical stress suitable for high-speed applications. In this research, design and performance of a three-phase 12-slot 10-pole HEFSM in which the DC FEC in radial direction on the stator are investigated. Initially, coil arrangement test is analyzed to all armature coil slots to confirm the polarity of the phase. Then, flux interaction analysis is performed to investigate the flux capabilities at various current densities. Finally, torque and power performances are investigated at various armature and FEC current densities. The results show that the proposed motor has proportional increment of torque and power with respect with the current density suitable for various applications.

Performance Comparison of 12S-14P Inner and Outer Rotor Field Excitation Flux Switching Motor

Hybrid excitation flux switching machines (HEFSMs) have a several advantages such as robust rotor structure, high torque and power capabilities, and high efficiency suitable for light load and heavy industry applications. However, the general structure of HEFSMs employed with three main flux sources namely permanent magnet (PM), field excitation coil (FEC) and armature coil located on the stator body causes high manufacturing cost. Therefore, a new non-PM field excitation flux switching machine (FEFSM) consists of rugged rotor structure suitable for high-speed operation with capability to keep similar torque and power density of HEFSM is proposed and examined. In this paper, performances of both outer and inner rotor 12S-14P FEFSMs are analyzed and compared. As conclusion, the inner-rotor topology provides much higher torque and power when compared with outer rotor configuration.

Performances comparison of 12S-14P field excitation flux switching motor with overlap and non-overlap windings for hybrid electric vehicles

Hybrid electric vehicles (HEVs), using combination of an internal combustion engine (ICE) and one or more electric motors, are widely considered as the most promising clean vehicles. The only machine that already installed for HEVs is interior permanent magnet synchronous machine (IPMSM) where it has developed to enhance power density of the machine. Despite of fine operated and superior performances, this machine do not miss approached by deficiency for instance IPMSM now have complex form and configuration that give difficulty to undertake the process of optimization. Moreover, the use of PM will result in a constant state of flux and cannot be controlled as well a burden because of expensive rare earth magnet prices. Therefore, a new candidate of field excitation flux switching machine (FEFSM), in which the uses of PM are totally excluded with rugged rotor structure suitable for high-speed operation and the ability to keep high torque and power density is proposed and examined in this paper. Under some design specifications, design principles and performances of 12S-14P FEFSMs with overlap and non-overlap FEC and armature coil windings are presented. The profile of flux linkage, induced voltage, cogging torque, torque and power characteristics are observed based on 2D finite element analysis (FEA).

Topologies for three-phase wound-field salient rotor switched-flux machines for HEV applications

Wound-field switched-flux machines (WFSFM) have an intrinsic simplicity and high speed that make them well suited to many hybrid electric vehicle (HEV) applications. However, overlap armature and field windings raised the copper losses in these machines. Furthermore, in previous design segmented-rotor is used which made the rotor less robust. To overcome these problems, this paper presents novel topologies for three-phase wound-field switched-flux machines. Both armature and field winding are located on the stator and rotor is composed of only stack of iron. Non-overlap armature and field windings and toothed-rotor are the clear advantages of these topologies as the copper losses gets reduce and rotor becomes more robust. Design feasibility and performance analysis of 12 slots and different rotor pole numbers are examined on the basis of coil arrangement test, peak armature flux linkage, back emf, cogging torque and average torque by using Finite Element Analysis(FEA).

Initial design of 12S-10P outer-rotor field excitation flux switching motor with different rotor width

This paper proposes an initial design of 12 slot, 10 pole outer-rotor field-excitation flux switching motor (FEFSM) with two different rotor width based from 2 different formula to design the rotor width. Hence, initial design include the three coil test to determine the U, W, V-phase, the flux strengthening and weakening, flux at various armature coil and field-excitation coil current, and finally the torque at various JA and JE. As for the materials, the stator and rotor consists of steel sheets made of electromagnetic steels, copper for armature coils and field excitation coils as the only field for magnetic flux source. There will be some design specification and restriction on outer-rotor FEFSM based on 2D-Finite Element Analysis will be applied to design the proposed machine.

Design study and performance analysis of 12S-14P field excitation flux switching motor for hybrid electric vehicle

This paper presents a new structure of 12slot-14pole field excitation flux switching motor (FEFSM) as an alternative candidate of non-Permanent Magnet (PM) machine for HEV drives. Design study, performance analysis and optimization of field excitation flux switching machine with non-rare-earth magnet for hybrid electric vehicle drive applications is done. The stator of projected machine consists of iron core made of electromagnetic steels, armature coils and field excitation coils as the only field mmf source. The rotor is consisted of only stack of iron and hence, it is reliable and appropriate for high speed operation. The design target is a machine with the maximum torque, power and power density, more than 210Nm, 123kW and 3.5kW/kg, respectively, which competes with interior permanent magnet synchronous machine used in existing hybrid electric vehicle. Some design feasibility studies on FEFSM based on 2D-FEA and deterministic optimization method will be applied to design the proposed machine.

Design comparison of single phase outer and inner-rotor hybrid excitation flux switching motor for hybrid electric vehicles

In hybrid excitation machines (HEMs), there are two main flux sources which are permanent magnet (PM) and field excitation coil (FEC). These HEMs have better features when compared with the interior permanent magnet synchronous machines (IPMSM) used in conventional hybrid electric vehicles (HEVs). Since all flux sources including PM, FEC and armature coils are located on the stator core, the rotor becomes a single piece structure similar with switch reluctance machine (SRM). The combined flux generated by PM and FEC established more excitation fluxes that are required to produce much higher torque of the motor. In addition, variable DC FEC can control the flux capabilities of the motor, thus the machine can be applied for high-speed motor drive system. In this paper, the comparisons of single-phase 8S-4P outer and inner rotor hybrid excitation flux switching machine (HEFSM) are presented. Initially, design procedures of the HEFSM including parts drawing, materials and conditions setting, and properties se...

Design Studies and Analysis of Single Phase 8S-12P Field Excitation Flux Switching Motor

This paper presents a new structure of field excitation flux switching motor (FEFSM) as an alternative candidate of non-permanent magnet (PM) machine. The rotor is consisted of only stack of iron and hence, it is reliable and appropriate for high speed operation. Initially, the coil arrangement tests are examined to validate the operating principle of the motor and to identify the zero rotor position. Furthermore, the profile of flux linkage, induced voltage, cogging torque, torque and power characteristics are observed based on 2D finite element analysis (FEA). Initial performances show that 8S-12P FEFSM produce torque and power of 8.79Nm and 1.5kW, respectively with low cogging torque and sinusoidal flux waveform. Further design refinement and optimization will be conducted to improve the performances of the motor.