Zhenkun Wu

Timing of the Brunhes-Matuyama magnetic polarity reversal in Chinese loess using 10Be

In Chinese loess, the Brunhes-Matuyama (B-M) geomagnetic reversal occurs ∼25 k.y. prior to the age found in marine sediments. This offset has been attributed by some to post-depositional magnetic overprinting of loess, while others have argued it is due to errors in the loess time scale. Here we solve this long-standing debate by exploiting a new method to extract reproducible records of geomagnetic field intensity from loess with 10 Be—a proxy for global average geomagnetic field intensity—and using it to show that a pronounced minimum in field intensity (a requirement for dipole field reversal) is recorded in two separate loess records at ca. 780 ± 3 kyr B.P. This timing is synchronous with the B-M reversal timing seen in marine records, verifying the standard loess time scale as correct, but it is ∼25 k.y. younger than the age (depth) of the magnetic polarity reversal recorded in these same Chinese loess sediments, demonstrating that loess magnetic overprinting has occurred.

Reconstruction of 130-kyr Relative Geomagnetic Intensities from 10Be in Two Chinese Loess Sections

Efforts to extract weak geomagnetic excursion signals from Chinese loess-paleosol 10Be have generally been unsuccessful due to the complexities of its accumulation, because the geomagnetic and climate (precipitation and dust) signals contained in loess-paleosol sequence are tightly overprinted. Here, we present a reconstruction of geomagnetic relative paleointensities for the past 130 kyr from 10Be records in 2 Chinese loess-paleosol sections using a correction based on the correlation of 10Be with magnetic susceptibility (SUS) to remove the climatic contamination. Both these records reveal the Laschamp and Blake events, which lie in the loess and paleosol (L1SS1 and S1SS3) horizons corresponding to mid-MIS 3 and 5e, respectively. The good agreement between our results and other geomagnetic intensities reconstructions from Atlantic and Pacific sediments indicates that our method is robust. Our study suggests the potential application of loess-paleosol 10Be for reconstructing geomagnetic intensity variations spanning the whole Quaternary.

The last 130 ka precipitation reconstruction from Chinese loess 10Be

Cosmogenic 10Be is a promising precipitation index, because its fallout flux in sediments is mainly controlled by wet precipitation after its production in the atmosphere. Here we report on a new study for reconstructing precipitation during the last 130 ka using 10Be measurements from Chinese loess, with multivariable linear regression to remove the geomagnetic field modulation and dust flux dilution effects from the loess 10Be record. The broad similarity between our result and speleothem δ18O indicates that the new precipitation record is robust. It also records an interesting increase in precipitation that occurred during Marine Isotope Stage 3 (MIS 3), exhibiting a similar rainfall amount with that of MIS 5, suggesting that MIS 3 is a special period with strengthened summer Monsoon intensity. By comparison with a stacked marine isotope record and a summer insolation record, our precipitation data clearly show a close correspondence with Northern Hemisphere summer (June, July, and August) solar insolation changes on orbital timescales. During MIS 3, our record follows the insolation differential between 30°N and 30°S, suggesting that rising rainfall changes during MIS 3 are a response to the interhemispheric summer insolation differential forcing.