Zhitao Zhuang

Method based on chirp decomposition for dispersion mismatch compensation in precision absolute distance measurement using swept-wavelength interferometry

We establish a theoretical model of dispersion mismatch in absolute distance measurements using swept-wavelength interferometry (SWI) and propose a novel dispersion mismatch compensation method called chirp decomposition. This method separates the dispersion coefficient and distance under test, which ensures dispersion mismatch compensation without introducing additional random errors. In the measurement of a target located at 3.9 m, a measurement resolution of 45.9 μm is obtained, which is close to the theoretical resolution, and a standard deviation of 0.74 μm is obtained, which is better than the traditional method. The measurement results are compared to a single-frequency laser interferometer. The target moves from 1 m to 3.7 m, and the measurement precision using the new method is less than 0.81 μm.

Improved phase-shifting diffraction interferometer for microsphere topography measurements

In this study, an improved phase-shifting diffraction interferometer for measuring the surface topography of a microsphere is developed. A common diode-pumped solid state laser is used as the light source to facilitate apparatus realization, and a new polarized optical arrangement is designed to filter the bias light for phase-shifting control. A pinhole diffraction self-calibration method is proposed to eliminate systematic errors introduced by optical elements. The system has an adjustable signal contrast and is suitable for testing the surface with low reflectivity. Finally, a spherical ruby probe of a coordinate measuring machine is used as an example tested by the new phase-shifting diffraction interferometer system and the WYKO scanning white light interferometer for experimental comparison. The measured region presents consistent overall topography features, and the resulting peak-to-valley value of 84.43 nm and RMS value of 18.41 nm are achieved. The average roughness coincides with the manufacturer’s specification value.

Calibration for single multi-mode fiber digital scanning microscopy imaging system

Single multimode fiber (MMF) digital scanning imaging system is a development tendency of modern endoscope. We concentrate on the calibration method of the imaging system. Calibration method comprises two processes, forming scanning focused spots and calibrating the couple factors varied with positions. Adaptive parallel coordinate algorithm (APC) is adopted to form the focused spots at the multimode fiber (MMF) output. Compare with other algorithm, APC contains many merits, i.e. rapid speed, small amount calculations and no iterations. The ratio of the optics power captured by MMF to the intensity of the focused spots is called couple factor. We setup the calibration experimental system to form the scanning focused spots and calculate the couple factors for different object positions. The experimental result the couple factor is higher in the center than the edge.

Research on the fiber dispersion and compensation in large-scale high-resolution broadband frequency-modulated continuous wave laser measurement system

Abstract. The influence of a fiber dispersion calibration interferometer on the measurement results for a large-scale high-resolution broadband frequency-modulated continuous wave (FMCW) measurement system was studied. A model was constructed to simulate the influences of fiber dispersion on the measurements when using a frequency sampling method that corrects the tuning nonlinearity. The results indicated that a broadband external cavity tunable laser, in comparison with a semiconductor laser, causes linear variations in the measurement results because of the effect of the fiber dispersion in the calibration interference path for large-scale high-resolution measurements, and these variations decreased the resolution of the measurements. A method that combines chirp slope calibration and phase compensation to reduce the effects of the fiber dispersion was proposed. A gauge block with a height difference of 200  μm at a distance of 2.43 m was measured during the experiments. Before calibrating the fiber dispersion, the frequency spectrum showed false peaks, and it was difficult to distinguish the peaks of the targets. After compensating for the dispersion, the peaks of the targets could be clearly distinguished, and a height difference of 199.6  μm was measured. Using this model and the method to compensate for the dispersion will provide a reference for large-scale high-resolution broadband FMCW laser measurements.

Beat frequency nonlinearity compensation based on fiber reference channel in laser frequency scanning interferometer

High resolution and simple device ranging technology has prospects of broad application and attractive. Laser frequency scanning interferometer has capability of high-resolution, low-noise ratio measurement. The tuning nonlinearity is a main factor limited to the ranging resolution which needs to be corrected. When using hardware to correct laser tuning nonlinearity, it would increases the complexity of the instrument structure. For the purpose of making structure of the instrument much simple, we proposed a method that using fiber reference channel to compensate the nonlinearity of measurement path beat frequency, which can achieve high resolution measurement. The method require obtaining the reference and measurement path beat signal simultaneously, then extracting the phase of the reference channel signal which is formed by fiber end face to compensate the nonlinearity of measurement signal. Hilbert transform is used to calculate the phase of signal, and empirical mode decomposition (EMD) method is used to reduce the noise of reference signal. The laser frequency scanning interferometer is demonstrated by experiment, we show that this performance enables 132μm for 10nm tuning bandwidth over several meter range. The method does not need to estimate the tuning nonlinearity function, so it could reduce the complexity of algorithm.

The correction of vibration in frequency scanning interferometry based absolute distance measurement system for dynamic measurements

Absolute distance measurement systems are of significant interest in the field of metrology, which could improve the manufacturing efficiency and accuracy of large assemblies in fields such as aircraft construction, automotive engineering, and the production of modern windmill blades. Frequency scanning interferometry demonstrates noticeable advantages as an absolute distance measurement system which has a high precision and doesn’t depend on a cooperative target. In this paper , the influence of inevitable vibration in the frequency scanning interferometry based absolute distance measurement system is analyzed. The distance spectrum is broadened as the existence of Doppler effect caused by vibration, which will bring in a measurement error more than 103 times bigger than the changes of optical path difference. In order to decrease the influence of vibration, the changes of the optical path difference are monitored by a frequency stabilized laser, which runs parallel to the frequency scanning interferometry. The experiment has verified the effectiveness of this method.

The study of the nonlinear correction of the FMCW absolute distance measurement using frequency-sampling and precision analysis

This article uses the external cavity laser to realize FMCW high precision absolute distance measurement, as the external cavity laser owns the advantage of large tuning range of frequency. Firstly, aim at the problem of nonlinear tuning of the external cavity laser, a study of method of frequency-sampling has been shown. Secondly, in this article the mathematical model of the absolute dis tance measurement system has been established, and the sources of the errors of the FMCW absolute distance measurement has been analyzed, and the accuracy model has been established. Finally, a ball which is put at a distance about 3 meters is measured, and the random error is 0.3479μm, the standard uncertainty of measurement system is 0.3479μm+3.141Rppm.

Research on a kind of high precision and fast signal processing algorithm for FM/CW laser radar

Range accuracy and efficiency are two important indicators for Frequency modulated continuous wave (FM/CW) laser radar, improving the accuracy and efficiency of extracting beat frequency are key factors for them. Multiple Modulation Zoom Spectrum Analysis (ZFFT) and the Chirp-Z Transform (CZT) are two widely used methods for improving frequency estimation. The paper through analyze advantages and disadvantages of these methods, proposes a high accuracy and fast signal processing method which is ZFFT-CZT, it combines advantages that ZFFT can reduce data size, and CZT can zoom in frequency of any interested band. The processing of ZFFT-CZT is following: firstly ZFFT is conducted by conducting Fourier transform on short time signal to calculate amount of frequency shift, and transforming high-frequency signal into low-frequency signal of long time sampling, then CZT is conducted by choosing any interested band to continue subdividing the spectral peaks, which can reduce picket fence effect. By simulate experiment based on ZFFT-CZT method, two closed targets at distance of 50m and 50.001m are measured, and the measurement errors are 40μm and 34μm respectively. It proved that ZFFT-CZT has a small amount of calculation, which can meet the requirement of high precision frequency extraction.

Nonlinearity correction and dispersion analysis in FMCW laser radar

Frequency Modulated Continuous Wave laser radar is one of the most important ways to measure the large-size targets , combining the advantages of laser with conventional FMCW radar. Dispersion compensation and non-linear calibration are two key aspects in FMCW laser radar measurement. The paper studies the method of frequency-sampling to correct the Nonlinearity and analyzes the importance of dispersion compensation. We set up experimental verification platform, choose 1550nm band continuously tunable external cavity infrared laser as the light source, use all-fiber optical device structures, choose balanced detectors as photoelectric conversion, and finally acquire data with high speed PCI-E data acquisition card, write a measurement software with Labview. We measured the gage block 1 meter away. The experiment results show that the frequency sampling method correct the Nonlinearity well and there is a significant impact on the accuracy because of the fiber dispersion, dispersion must be compensated to obtain high accuracy. The experiment lays the foundation for further research on FMCW Laser radar.

Automatic positioning method based on feature points matching for ICF target

This paper persents an laser and target alignment sensor (LTAS) used to automaticlly position for the ICF experimental target. LTAS which is based on optical conjugate principle can locate the targets online with its four imaging measurement systems. For the requirement of automatic positioning, presents a new method which is called offline test and online match method. With the help of target offline test device, the reference image features are provided, online images and reference images are matched in real time based on images point features, SIFT descriptors are used for extracting target feature from image which is invariant features to image scale and rotation. According to image feature, we modify the original feature vectors with 128 dimensions to a feature vectors with 32 dimensions. A fast nearest neighbor algorithm is used for feature match, and the Best-Bin-First (BBF) algorithm is used to search nearest neighbors of points, and then RANSAC algorithm is used to remove the mismatch points, A least-squares solution is used to calculate parameters between the reference image and the online image, according to the matching parameters, the target is automatic adjusted to proper attitude. By matching experiment, the position matching accuracy is within 1 μm, the angle matching accuracy is within 0.1 degree, matching time cost is less than 1 second, and meets the real-time matching requirements.