Aa Oremosu

Telfairia Occidentalis, a Prophylactic Medicine for Alcohol's Damaging Effect on the Testis

Telfairia Occidentalis, a Prophylactic Medicine for Alcohols Damaging Effect on the Testis Background: Concerns have been expressed about rising cases of male infertility. Studies have shown that alcohol impairs sexual performance and desire in men. It also affects sperm count lowering it and contributing to fertility problems. Aim: This study investigated the role of Telfairia occidentals in the protection of the testis against alcohol induced damage. Material and Methods: 30 male Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into five groups of 6 each. They were administered distilled water, 30% v/v of ethanol at 2g/kg body weight, 200 mg/kg, 400 mg/kg and 600 mg/kg of Telfairia occidentalis, for 8 weeks after which their blood samples were collected for hormonal assay. The testis and cauda epididymis were also excised for histology and semen analysis. Results: Alcohol depleted the germinal epithelium of the testis but animals that received Telfairia occidentalis showed a better germinal epithelial lining and a significant increase in semen parameters and hormone levels. Conclusion:Telfairia occidentalis demonstrated a prophylactic effect on alcohol induced testicular damage and has improved semen quality. In addition, it also improved serum testosterone and luteinizing hormone levels.

Curcuma Longa: Staining Effect on Histomorphology of the Testis

Curcuma Longa: Staining Effect on Histomorphology of the Testis Background: The use of non-allergic, non-toxic and eco-friendly natural dyes has become a matter of significant importance due to the increased environmental awareness in order to avoid some hazardous synthetic dyes. Method: The ethanolic extract of Curcuma longa was diluted using 1% acetic acid in 70% ethanol to a concentration of 0.2 g/ml. It was used to stain histological sections of the testes for 15 minutes. Curcuma longa was also used as a counter stain for Haematoxylin. Phytochemical constituents were investigated. Results: The Curcuma longa dye distinctly stained the seminiferous epithelium and interstitium yellow. Curcuma longa provided a good counter stain for Haematoxylin, taking up the acidic staining characteristics with Haematoxylin staining the basic staining characteristics. Phytochemical screening revealed the presence of saponins, alkaloids, tannins and flavonoids. Conclusion:Curcuma longa has good potential for use as a counter stain for Haematoxylin in the staining of tissues in lieu of Eosin.

Stereological Evaluation of the Effects of Momordica charantia, antioxidants and Testosterone on Seminiferous Tubules of Rat

El consumo ubicuo de Momordica charantia ha girado en torno a su potencial participacion en el alivio de dolencias. El objetivo fue estudiar los efectos del extracto de la semilla de Momordica charantia (MC), acido ascorbico (C), alfa-tocoferol (E) y testosterona (T) sobre parametros histomorfometricos en testiculos de ratas. Noventa y cinco ratas machos Sprague-Dawley (S-D) maduras (6-8 semanas de edad) fueron asignadas al azar en seis grupos. Grupo I: alimentados con MC durante 16 semanas. Grupo II: MC administrado durante 8 semanas, luego agua destilada por otras 8 semanas. Grupo III: C, E, T administrados junto a una combinacion de las tres soluciones de prueba (CET) durante 8 semanas y luego alimentados con MC por otras 8 semanas. Grupo IV: MC inicialmente durante 8 semanas y posteriormente C, E, T y CET por otras 8 semanas. Grupo V: alimentado al mismo tiempo con el extracto, C, E, T y CET durante 8 semanas. Grupo VI (control): administrado con C, E, T, CET y agua destilada durante 16 semanas. Las dosis de MC, C, E y T fueron de 50 mg/100 g de peso corporal/oral/dia, 0,01, 20,0 y 0,05 mg/kg. Los animales fueron sacrificados y se estimo el volumen de los testiculos. El diametro, area de seccion transversal (AC), el numero de perfiles por unidad de area (NA), la densidad de longitud (LV) y la densidad numerica (NV) de los tubulos seminiferos fueron determinados. Los volumenes medio testicular, diametro de tubulos y AC mostraron una disminucion significativa (p 0,05) en los grupos I y III en comparacion con los controles. Al quitar MC, los valores se recuperaron al valor basal de control. Los grupos IV y V, no fueron significativamente diferentes de los controles (p 0,05). Hubo una diferencia significativa (p 0,05) con aumento de la NA, LV y NV de los tubulos seminiferos de los grupos I y III en comparacion con los controles. Los datos histomorfometricos apoyan la reversibilidad de los efectos nocivos de la MC en los testiculos.

Palliative effect of Pausinystallia macroceras on testicular ischemic reperfusion injury in Wistar rats: a histological study

La torsion testicular es un trastorno que involucra el escroto resultando en un compromiso del suministro sanguineo. El objetivo fue investigar el efecto de Pausinystallia macroceras (PM) en la histologia testicular tras torsion-detorsion a intervalos de tiempo diferentes que van desde 1 a 4 horas en 65 ratas macho Wistar maduras, asignando aleatoriamente en siete grupos (desde A a G, mientras que E y F se dividieron en 4 subgrupos). Cada grupo/subgrupo estuvo compuesto por 5 ratas. Los testiculos se mantuvieron en posicion torsionada (T) durante 1, 2, 3 y 4 horas en los grupos A (AT1 + PM), B (BT2 + PM), C (CT3 + PM) y D (DT4 + PM). El grupo E, subgrupos (E1 + PM, E2 + PM + PM E3, E4 + PM) fueron operados por modelo sham sin torsion, que sirvio de control. El grupo F, subgrupos (F1T1, F2T2, F3T3 y F4T4) fueron torsionados como en A. Todos los animales (excepto los grupos F y G) fueron tratados con extracto de AM (0,1 g/kg peso corporal/dia) durante 56 dias. El grupo G fueron ratas control (control normal). Los testiculos fueron procesados para el estudio histologico. En AT1 + PM se observo preservacion de los tubulos seminiferos. BT2 + PM, revelo un numero variable de tubulos seminiferos con necrosis y apoptosis. El grupo de ratas CT3 + PM fue similar a BT2 + PM, aunque un porcentaje ligeramente superior de los tubulos seminiferos mostraron necrosis. En DT4 + PM, los cortes mostraron pocos espermatozoides viables dentro de los tubulos seminiferos. En comparacion con el grupo F torsionado mostro extensas areas de necrosis tubular (F3T3), asi como danos en el intersticio; mientras que en F4T4 no hubo tejido testicular viable. En conclusion, PM previno significativamente cambios celulares y la muerte celular observada, especialmente en el grupo AT1 + PM y BT2 + PM.

Histomorphometric studies of the effects of Telfairia occidentalis on alcohol-induced gonado-toxicity in male rats

Background Available evidence suggests that 50% of couples with infertility are male related. Over 40% of these males consume alcohol which has been reported to be a reproductive toxicant causing depletions in the epithelium of seminiferous tubules hence reducing sperm counts and sperm morphology. Objective To determine the effects of aqueous leaf extract of Telfairia occidentalis on alcohol-induced cyto-architectural changes in the testis. Methods Aqueous leaf extract of Telfairia occidentalis (T. occidentalis) was administered by gastric gavage at a dose of 250 mg/kg and 500 mg/kg body weight daily, while 2 g/kg body weight of ethanol at 30% v/v was administered daily to mature male Sprague–Dawley rats. The experiment was in 2 phases. Phase 1 had groups A1–F1 and lasted for 4 weeks while phase 2 had groups A2–F2 and lasted 8 weeks. Parameters tested include: testicular histology, relative volume density, sperm parameters, malondialdehyde (MDA), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and reduced glutathione. Results In both phases, there were depletions in the seminiferous epithelium, decreased sperm quality and increased MDA and SOD in animals that received alcohol only compared to control. Likewise, a significant increase of seminiferous epithelium of animals that received respective doses of 250 mg/kg and 500 mg/kg of T. occidentalis only compared to control. Animals that received T. occidentalis and alcohol simultaneously had a significant increase in seminiferous epithelium and sperm quality with decreased MDA level. Conclusion T. occidentalis attenuated the deleterious effects of alcohol to the cyto-architecture of the testis, protected the seminiferous epithelium, reduced oxidative stress and promoted spermatogenesis.

Staining effect of Hibiscus sabdariffa extract on sperm cell morphology of Sprague–Dawley rats

Abstract There is increasing awareness among people towards natural products. Due to their non-toxic properties, low pollution, and lower side effects, natural dyes are used in many day-to-day products. Although the African continent possesses plentiful plant resources, only a small amount has been exploited so far. This study evaluated the use of Hibiscus sabdariffa as a stain to evaluate sperm morphology. Following liquefaction, 10 μl of semen was spread onto glass slides and allowed to air-dry at room temperature. The smear was fixed for 15 minutes in methanol. The sperm morphology was analyzed by staining 10 slides of the smears with eosin (control) and the ethanolic extract of Hibiscus sabdariffa dye was used to stain the sperm cells. The smears were air-dried and viewed at magnification of ×400. Phytochemical and chromatographic analyses were carried out. The sperm cells were stained in shades of reddish brown. Preliminary phytochemical screening of Hibiscus sabdariffa revealed that it contains alkaloids, saponins, flavonoids, and tannins. Hibiscus sabdariffa has potential for use as a stain for study of sperm morphology.

Microwave ablation of ex vivo bovine tissues using a dual slot antenna with a floating metallic sleeve

Abstract Purpose: To study the efficiency of a dual slot antenna with a floating metallic sleeve on the ablation of different ex vivo bovine tissues. Materials and methods: COMSOL Multiphysics® version 4.4 (Stockholm, Sweden), which is based on finite element methods (FEM), was used to design and simulate monopole and dual slot with sleeve antennas. Power, specific absorption rate (SAR), temperature and necrosis distributions in the selected tissues were determined using these antennas. Monopole and dual slot with sleeve antennas were designed, simulated, constructed and applied in this study based on a semi-rigid coaxial cable. Ex vivo experiments were performed on liver, lung, muscle and heart of bovine obtained from a public animal slaughter house. The microwave energy was delivered using a 2.45 GHz solid-state microwave generator at 40 W for 3, 5 and 10 min. Aspect ratio, ablation length and ablation diameter were also determined on ablated tissues and compared with simulated results. Student’s t-test was used to compare the statistically significant difference between the performance of the two antennas. Results: The dual slot antenna with sleeve produces localised microwave energy better than the monopole antenna in all ablated tissues using simulation and experimental validation methods. There were significant differences in ablation diameter and aspect ratio between the sleeve antenna and monopole antenna. Additionally, there were no significant differences between the simulation and experimental results. Conclusions: This study demonstrated that the dual slot antenna with sleeve produced larger ablation zones and higher sphericity index in ex vivo bovine tissues with minimal backward heating when compared with the monopole antenna.

Factors influencing extract of Hibiscus sabdariffa staining of rat testes

Abstract Some plant extracts can be used in biology and medicine to reveal or identify cellular components and tissues. We investigated the effects of time and concentration on staining of histological sections of rat testes by an acidified extract of Hibiscus sabdariffa. An ethanolic extract of H. sabdariffa was diluted using 1% acetic acid in 70% ethanol to stain histological sections of testes at concentrations of 0.2, 0.1 and 0.05 g/ml for 5, 10, 15, 30, 45 and 60 min. The sections of testes were stained deep red. The staining efficiency of H. sabdariffa was greater at a high concentration and required less time to achieve optimal staining. H. sabdariffa is a strongly basic dye that can be used for various diagnostic purposes. Staining time and concentration must be considered to achieve optimal results.