Alessandra Constantin Francischini

Aplicações isoladas ou associadas de diuron, oxyfluorfen e prometryne para o controle de Euphorbia heterophylla

Pre-emergence herbicide application at the beginning of the crop cycle is a consecrated practice among cotton farmers. Although herbicides, such as diuron, oxyfluorfen and prometryn, are options for this crop, not much is known about their effect on Euphorbia heterophylla. This work aimed to elaborate dose-response curves for diuron, oxyfluorfen and prometryn in relation to E. heterophylla control, as well as to provide biological efficiency data for tank mixtures of these herbicides. Thus, six experiments were simultaneously carried out under greenhouse conditions, with three consisting of increasing doses of each herbicide applied isolated and three of tank mixtures of two herbicides. The dose-response curve was adjusted for % of biomass reduction at 28 days after application; I80 and I95 (respectively dose for 80% and 95% of weed control and biomass reduction), were also determined. Diuron, oxyfluorfen and prometryn applied alone were effective within the range of the doses evaluated to control E. heterophylla. In general, tank mixtures containing oxyfluorfen were considered additive or antagonistic, while tank mixtures of diuron + prometryn were additive or synergistic. Out of the three possible combinations evaluated, oxyfluorfen + prometryn resulted in the smallest number of combinations promoting acceptable control of wild poinsettia.

Atividade residual de diuron, oxyfluorfen e prometryne no controle de Euphorbia heterophylla

Pre-emergence herbicide applications are designed to obtain residual activity at the beginning of the crop cycle. The objective of this study was to evaluate the residual activity of diuron, oxyfluorfen, and prometryne, applied alone or in mixture, to control Euphorbia heterophylla. Eight experiments were conducted under greenhouse conditions, by applying herbicide doses or mixtures at 30, 20, 10, and 0 days before weed sowing (DBWS).With diuron and prometryne, satisfactory controls were observed at doses up to 20 DBWS, from 1.07 to 1.6 kg ha-1, respectively. As for oxyfluorfen, a lower residual period was verified, with a minimum gaining control of at least 80% being obtained around 10 DBWS at doses starting from 0.324 kg ha-1. The herbicide mixtures diuron + prometryne promoted more than 85% control for up to 30 days, when applied at the lowest dose (1+2kg ha-1),and 20 days, when applied at 2+1kg ha-1.To obtain the same level of control for 30 days, it was necessary to apply 1+0.288 kg ha-1 of oxyfluorfen + diuron mixture. The prometryne + oxyfluorfen mixture showed a minimum of 80% control within 10 days, when a dose of 1+ 0.192 kg ha-1 was applied.