Alessandra Ramos Castanha

Avaliação da qualidade de vida em soropositivos para o HIV

Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome has treatment and effective possibilities of control, hence motivating studies and professional interventions towards the improvement of the quality of life. To evaluate the perception of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome and quality of life by Human Immunodeficiency Virus serumapositive individuals. Ninety-one subjects of both genders participated of this study. It was utilized the test of free association of words and the data were processed by the Tri-deux-mots software and interpreted through the factorial analysis of correspondence. The Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome was represented as a disease that can cause numerous consequences such as psychosocial, professional, familycand organicrelated. The quality of life was represented by elements that have both subjective and objective characteristics, enclosing this way, different matters present in the concept of life quality advocated by the World Health Organization, such as: the psychological aspect, social relations, environment, and spiritual aspects. Even though the antiretroviral drugs propitiate a general health improvement, they are not enough. Thus there is the necessity of an approach toward the psychological disturbs in order to obtain life quality in a more plentiful way.

Álcool e agentes comunitários de saúde: um estudo das representações sociais

This research had as objective to verify the social representations of communitarian agents of health (ACS’s) regarding the use of alcohol. Seventy ACS’s residents of the city of Ipojuca-PE, including both male and female genders, and with average age of 26 years participated in this project. It was utilized as instruments semi-structured interviews and the Test of Free Association of Words. The data acquired by the interviews was categorized by the Bardin’s analysis of thematic content (1977) whereas the data from the test of association was processed by the Tri-deuxmots software through the factorial analysis of correspondence. The data obtained from the ACS’s made possible to represent the alcohol as a harmful drug for the health which can lead to death. Concerning the consequences on the user’s life, the majority of the ACS’s objectified the family problems resulting from alcohol abuse. In conclusion, there is a necessity of the formation of public health policies, including the fundamental role of the ACS’s as social actors in the primary prevention of the abusive drug use within the Brazilian reality.

As representações sociais da depressão em adolescentes no contexto do ensino médio

This studys proposal was to verify the social representations of the depressions symptoms in adolescents in high school context from public and private schools, in Joao Pessoa city, PB. Sixty adolescents with depressions symptoms from both genders (54% female and 46% male), whose ages were around 16, have participated in this study. It was utilized the Children Depression Inventory as the screening instrument, as well as semi-structured interviews, which were applied individually. The interviews were analyzed according to the thematic content technique. The results pointed out the following empirical categories: conception/description, causes and treatment. These categories were further divided in subcategories that had mainly emphasized the affective, cognitive, psycho-socials and behavioral aspects. It was realized the groups not only construct their representations based on the erudite knowledge or the informal communications, but also based on the set of practical problems that they have faced in the socio-cultural scope, which are directly interrelated to the group identity and acceptance.

Repercussões psicossociais da depressão no contexto da Aids

A Aids e, frequentemente, associada a transtornos psiquiatricos, sendo a depressao o mais comum deles. Esta pesquisa teve como objetivos: 1) apreender as representacoes sociais da Aids e da depressao por soropositivos para o HIV; 2) avaliar a prevalencia da sintomatologia da depressao. Participaram deste estudo 91 sujeitos soropositivos, de ambos os sexos, com media de idade de 38 anos. Foram utilizados, como instrumentos, o Teste de Associacao Livre de Palavras e o inventario de Beck para medir depressao. Os dados obtidos possibilitaram representacoes da depressao e da Aids como uma doenca que atinge o ser humano em sua globalidade, repercutindo em varios aspectos de sua vida, tais como na qualidade de vida, na produtividade e na capacitacao social. A prevalencia da sintomatologia depressiva encontrada neste estudo (64%) remete a necessidade do preparo dos profissionais para diagnosticarem e tratarem esse fenomeno dentro do contexto da Aids.

Estudo das representações sociais da maconha entre agentes comunitários de saúde

Tendo em vista o aumento do uso abusivo de substâncias psicoativas, em particular a maconha, na realidade brasileira, a presente pesquisa teve como objetivo verificar as representacoes sociais de agentes comunitarios de saude (ACSs) acerca do uso da maconha. Participaram 70 ACSs, de ambos os sexos, com media de idade de 26 anos. Foram utilizados como instrumentos: entrevistas semi-estruturadas e o Teste de Associacao Livre de Palavras (Talp). Os dados das entrevistas foram categorizados pela analise de conteudo tematica de Bardin (1977) e os Talp foram processados pelo software Tri-Deux-Mots, por meio da Analise Fatorial de Correspondencia. Os resultados sugeriram representacoes da maconha como planta e droga alucinogena que pode alterar o metabolismo humano. No que se refere as consequencias na vida do usuario os ACSs objetivaram, de forma majoritaria, atitudes de violencia que ocasionam problemas relacionados a saude e a familia, contribuindo para iniciacao a outras drogas e dependencia. Concluiu-se pela importância da intervencao dos ACSs na educacao preventiva em saude, com o intuito de diminuir o uso indevido de drogas.

Profissionais que trabalham com AIDS e suas representações sociais sobre o atendimento e o tratamento

This research has aimed the identification of AIDS attendance and treatment Social Representations on professionals that handle HIV serum-positive patients. The sample was composed by 61 professionals who work directly in the AIDS context at the Public Health from Joao Pessoa, PB. Most of them were women (82%) and older than 44 years old (42%). Data have been collected through the Word Free Association Technique, and later analyzed through Tri-Deux-Mots software, interpreted by the factorial correspondence analysis. The factorial correspondence analysis graphic revealed semantics universes associated with the age and professional categories, which was classified into the medical and humanities area. It was observed that the daily practice experience leads the professional to go beyond the suffering issues caused by AIDS, as well as to re-conduct the attendance and treatment towards more subjective aspects of the patient. Different academic background influences the serum-positive representations development, as it is related to the personal daily practices.