Alvaro Tamayo

Validação da escala de estresse no trabalho

The objective of this study was to develop and to validate a general instrument to evaluate occupational stress, easily administered, used in different work environments and for a variety of occupations. The Work Stress Scale (WSS) initially composed of 31 items was applied to 437 workers, 249 men and 188 women, of public and private organizations. The factor analysis detected only one factor. After the elimination of the items with a factor loading below .45, the final version of the scale was composed of 23 items and had a Cronbachs coefficient of .91. A reduced version of the scale with 13 items and a Cronbachs coefficient of .85 has been proposed. Based on the satisfactory psychometric parameters of the scale, it is concluded that the WSS is useful as an alternative in empirical investigations and organizational diagnostics. The results obtained can be useful indicators for organizational decisions in relation to the life quality of the workers.

Hierarquia de valores transculturais e brasileiros

The hierarchy of 56 cross-cultural values and four characteristic values of the Brazilian culture were established with a sample of 419 subjects, of both sexes, constituted by high school teachers and college students. The hierarchy was established so much in the plan of the individual values as in the one of the motivational values types. The differences among the subgroups of the sample were verified in terms of the level of the motivational types and of the bi-dimensional structure of the values. The hierarchy presented five levels very different from values. From the motivational point of view, the self-determination values occupied the first place. The women emphasized the values more than the men to service of collective interests and of self-transcendence of their selfish interests in benefit of the well-being of the other ones. The college students pointed out the relative values more than the teachers to the self-promotion and the opening to the change.

Valores organizacionais e prazer-sofrimento no trabalho

The paper discusses the relations between organizational values and pleasure-suffering experience at work. Values are defined as principles that guide organization life and they are structured in three bipolar dimensions: autonomy-conservation, equalitarian structures-hierarchy and harmony-mastery. Pleasure-suffering is studied as a dialectic construct and it is defined as an experience of valorization, recognition and wear out feelings at work. The research was undertaken with 554 employees at a Sanitation Public Company. Scales to measure organizational values and pleasure-suffering were used. Data are analyzed through descriptive statistics and correlation. The results indicated high pleasure and moderate suffering experiences. Pleasure is correlated with four organizational values poles: autonomy, equalitarian structures, harmony and mastery. Suffering presents negative correlation with autonomy, equalitarian structures and mastery poles.

Impacto dos valores laborais e da interferência família: trabalho no estresse ocupacional

The objective of this research was to investigate the influence of family-work interference and work values on occupational stress. Three instruments were used to collect data: Work Stress Scale, the Work-Family Interaction Scale and the Work Values Scale. The instruments were administered to 237 workers of a banking institution. The results showed that the family-work interference did influence on occupational stress in the sense that higher scores on interference were correlated with higher stress. The authors suggest that family-work interference can directly contribute to the emergence of organizational stressors and influence cognition and affects that can have an impact on the persons perception of job demands as stressors. Work values had no relation with occupational stress. This could be explained by the instrument used to evaluate occupational stress or the importance given to work values in the process of professional choice. Limitations and orientations to future research are pointed.

Estrutura dos valores pessoais: a relação entre valores gerais e laborais

People develop a value structure that guides their lives in general. This structure is wide and inclusive, but, for specific focuses, there is a particular structure that is related to one more extensive. The objective of the present study was to test the relationship between the structures of labor and general personal values. To accomplish this purpose, 995 university students of both sexes and average aged 21 years old answered to Schwartz Value Survey and the Work Values Scale. The results of structural equations (AMOS) supported the theory that relates to the value structures (GFI=0,95, RMR=0,04). However, the conflict and compatibility relations were partially confirmed. This study indicates the necessity to integrate general values with labor values models.

Contribuições ao estudo dos valores pessoais, laborais e organizacionais

The purpose of this paper is to briefly report my interest for the study of values and discuss some of my scientific contributions in the domain of personal, labor and company values. The encouragement to write this text was the receiving of the emeritus professor title by the Universidade de Brasilia. To begin with, I described my teaching and researching experience at Universite de Moncton, in Canada and at Universidade de Brasilia. The elements discussed in this report represent indicators of my contribution to the study of personal, labor and company values.

A influência da atividade física regular sobre o autoconceito

The objective of this research was to study the effect of regular physical activity of men and women over 40 on their self-concept. The Self-concept Factorial Scale was administered to 200 subjects, half of them practicing some kind of regular physical activity and the other half being sedentary. The Anova 2X2 revealed a main effect of physical activity and gender on several factors of the self-concept. The scores were higher for the experimental group on self-confidence, self-control, and somatic self. Men scored higher on self-confidence while women on moral self. It was concluded that regular physical activity is beneficial for self-concept.

A relação da motivação para o trabalho com as metas do trabalhador

The main objective of this paper is to propose a model for improving work motivation programs based on the workers motivational profile. The basic principle is that the work motivational strategies are more efficient when elaborated directly from the workers personal goals and values. In order to do that, major work motivational theories are briefly discussed as well as their application in organizational motivational programs. A modern theory of values is introduced, previously verified empirically in more the 60 countries, from which it is possible to identify peoples motivational structure. On the basis of the results of those studies, the concept of the workers motivational profile is proposed and the evaluation strategy of that profile in the organizations is discussed. The correspondence between different aspects of the motivational profile and several motivational strategies used in the organizational practice are also pointed out. It is concluded that the knowledge of the workers motivational profile facilitates the development of differential motivational programs in the organization, responding to the goals and values of workers from different organizational sectors.

Prioridades axiológicas, atividade física e estresse ocupacional

The impact of value priorities, gender and physical exercises on work stress was studied with a sample of 192 employees, 86 practicing regular physical exercises and 106 not practicing. Subjects were divided according to their high or low score on each of the value types. Analysis of variance 2X2X2 revealed that regular physical exercises (p < .001) and gender (p < .02) had an impact on work stress, the higher scores being for the sedentary group and for women. Subjects with a high score on achievement (p < .05) and hedonism (p < .02) presented higher scores on work stress.

Validação do Questionário de Perfis de Valores (QPV) no Brasil

The objective of this research was to validate to Brazil the Portrait Values Questionnaire (PVQ) developed by Schwartz. The PVQ was translated into Portuguese using the back-translation procedure and was applied to a sample of 614 students from primary, high and college education. The data were analyzed by means of the multidimensional scaling technique using a bi-dimensional structure. The spatial configuration obtained offers a positive indication for the construct validity of the instrument. The regions found were: Conformity, Tradition, Security, Stimulation, Universality/Benevolence, Power/Achievement and Self-Determination/Hedonism. The last three regions were composed of adjacent motivational types. Descriptive and comparative results converging with international findings also constitute a set of important elements that supports the validity of the instrument.