Ana Carolina Dantas Rocha

Crescimento e deficiências de micronutrientes: perfil das crianças assistidas no núcleo de creches do governo da Paraíba, Brasil

A obesidade e considerada a mais importante desordem nutricional devido ao aumento acelerado de suas prevalencias nos ultimos anos. O objetivo do presente estudo foi estimar a prevalencia de obesidade abdominal e excesso de gordura em escolares de 11 a 14 anos (meninos e meninas) de uma cidade serrana no sul do Brasil, e verificar as possiveis associacoes com classificacao economica, sexo, idade, habitos alimentares, habitos de vida (atividades fisicas e atividades sedentarias) e insatisfacao com a imagem corporal. Foram avaliados 1230 escolares atraves de um estudo transversal. As variaveis antropometricas estudadas foram circunferencia da cintura e as dobras cutâneas do triceps e da panturrilha. Foi realizada uma analise descritiva e uma bivariada entre as variaveis independentes e o desfecho. As prevalencias de obesidade abdominal e excesso de gordura corporal foram 28,7% e 40,1%, respectivamente. Houve associacao estatitisca significante com maior numero de refeicoes e insatisfacao com a imagem corporal para obesidade abdominal, que tambem esteve associada com os avaliados do sexo feminino, e para excesso de gordura corporal e. As prevalencias de obesidade abdominal e excesso de gordura corporal estao elevadas e justificam a implementacao de acoes de saude nas escolas.O objetivo deste artigo e avaliar o perfil de crescimento das criancas assistidas no Nucleo de Creches do Governo da Paraiba e a contribuicao relativa das deficiencias de vitamina A, ferro e zinco. Estudo transversal em 240 criancas pre-escolares. Foram consideradas as categorias de diagnostico nutricional: deficit ponderal, deficit de estatura e sobrepeso. As concentracoes sericas de retinol, zinco e de hemoglobina foram determinadas para avaliar a deficiencia de vitamina A (< 0,70 µmol/L), deficiencia de zinco (< 65 Μmol/L) e anemia (< 110 g/L), respectivamente. A prevalencia de deficit de estatura foi de 5,8%, a de sobrepeso de 3,8%, e a de deficit de peso de 0,4%. A media de Escore-Z para o indice P/E foi menor e estatisticamente significante quando a mae da crianca foi diagnosticada com baixa estatura ou com baixo peso e nas criancas de 12-36 meses de idade. Para o indice E/I, a media de Escore-Z foi menor e estatisticamente significante quando a crianca nasceu com baixo peso e quando a mae da crianca apresentou baixa estatura. Criancas de 12-36 meses e sem o beneficio do Programa Bolsa Familia tiveram media de hemoglobina menor. Verificou-se ausencia de associacao significante entre as deficiencias de vitamina A, ferro e zinco e os indices antropometricos estudados.

Estado nutricional relativo ao zinco de crianças que frequentam creches do estado da Paraíba

. As concentracoes sericas de zinco foram determinadas por espectrofotometria de absorcaoatomica de chama, considerando deficiencia de zinco valores <65µmol/L. O consumo alimentar foi registradomediante o recordatorio de 24 horas, considerando a alimentacao da crianca no dia anterior e o consumo dealimentos na creche, e foi analisada a inadequacao dietetica de zinco de acordo com as necessidades mediasestimadas de zinco segundo etapa da vida e tipo de dieta estabelecido pelo

Deficiência de micronutrientes e crescimento linear: revisão sistemática de estudos observacionais

O objetivo do artigo e avaliar a associacao das deficiencias de ferro, vitamina A e zinco com o deficit de crescimento linear. Revisao sistematica nas bases de dados eletronicas PubMed, LILACS e SciELO. Foram selecionados artigos publicados entre janeiro de 1995 e marco de 2010, considerando os descritores: (growth OR nutritional status) AND (child, preschool OR infant) AND (zinc AND iron AND vitamin A) OR (zinc AND iron) OR (zinc AND vitamin A) OR (iron AND vitamin A). Foram revisados 14 estudos de delineamento observacional. Dos estudos tipo coorte (dois), um indicou associacao estatistica entre o estado nutricional de ferro e o deficit de estatura; o outro apontou associacao estatistica entre as concentracoes de ferritina serica e o ganho de estatura. Dez estudos transversais investigaram a associacao estatistica entre as deficiencias de micronutrientes e o deficit de estatura, resultando tres deles na associacao para o ferro, dois para a vitamina A e nenhum para o zinco. O esclarecimento sobre a associacao entre o deficit de estatura e as deficiencias de ferro, vitamina A e zinco dificulta-se por fatores de carater biologico e relacionados a magnitude das deficiencias, o que sugere a importância da padronizacao metodologica dos estudos.Este estudo objetivou analisar a associacao dos fatores sociodemograficos, ocupacionais, comportamentos de risco e de saude com o comprometimento da qualidade de vida dos Agentes Comunitarios de Saude do municipio de Jequie, Bahia. Trata-se de um estudo transversal com 316 individuos, no qual foi utilizado o WHOQOL-Bref para avaliar a qualidade de vida. Aplicou-se o modelo de regressao de Poisson, adotando o intervalo de confianca de 95%. As variaveis associadas ao maior comprometimento do dominio Fisico foram sexo, idade, dor e satisfacao com a saude; ao dominio Psicologico foram escolaridade, aspectos psicossociais, tabagismo, dor e satisfacao com a saude; ao dominio Relacoes Sociais foram sexo, situacao conjugal, escolaridade, aspectos psicossociais e satisfacao com a saude; ao dominio Meio Ambiente foram sexo, renda familiar, local de trabalho, aspectos psicossociais e satisfacao com a saude. Espera-se que esse estudo possa subsidiar o desenvolvimento de politicas publicas destinadas a melhoria das condicoes de vida e trabalho desse grupo de trabalhadores.

Acompanhamento do crescimento infantil em unidades básicas de saúde da família do município de Queimadas, Paraíba, Brasil

The aim of this cross-sectional study was to evaluate the monitoring of child growth in the context of primary health care in Queimadas, Paraiba, Brazil, highlighting structural and process aspects. A questionnaire was submitted to 204 mothers. Health monitoring instruments of child health and 16 health units were analyzed. Regarding structure, the lack of a minimum number of staff as well as the lack of nursing training for child care was seen as major limitations. In regards to the process, the worst performance was for the records of weight and height in the last three months. For these, the best performance was observed in the urban area. As these duties were performed in disagreement with child health care policies, the results indicate the non-consolidation of effective monitoring of child growth. DESCRIPTORS: Growth. Nutritional surveillance. Child health. Primary health care. Health services evaluation.

Assistência pré-natal e peso ao nascer: uma análise no contexto de unidades básicas de saúde da família

PURPOSE: To characterize prenatal care and to evaluate the association of its adequacy with maternal, socioeconomic and environmental sanitation characteristics, as well as the influence of these factors on the birth weight of the children. METHODS: The eligible population for the study consisted of all women who had children during 2009 and lived in the city of Queimadas at the time of data collection. Information was collected with a questionnaire applied to the mothers in Family Health Basic Units or in their residence. The prenatal care adequacy index (outcome variable) was defined as adequate when the mother attended six or more prenatal visits and began monitoring during the first trimester of pregnancy (<20 weeks). Hierarchical logistic regression was performed to estimate the odds ratios for inadequate prenatal care and a multiple linear regression model was used to estimate the effect of adequacy of prenatal care and maternal, socioeconomic and environmental sanitation variables on birth weight. The statistical program used was Rv2.10.0, with the level of significance set at p <5%. RESULTS: Of a total of 199 women studied, 78.4% were classified as having received adequate prenatal care. After adjustment for other predictors, maternal age of 19 years or less remained as an explanatory variable of inadequate prenatal care (OR 4.27, 95%CI 1.10 - 15.89). Even after controlling for variables, childs birth weight was negatively associated with water supply from a well/spring and burnt/buried garbage, accounting for weight reductions of the order of 563.8, 262.0 and 951.9 g, respectively. CONCLUSION: Adequate prenatal care can alleviate the influence of socioeconomic disparities related to health care. Even in this situation, teenage mothers are more likely to receive inadequate prenatal care and low birth weight is favored by improper sanitation conditions (such as water supply and garbage disposal).

CHILD GROWTH MONITORING IN FAMILY HEALTH BASIC UNITS IN THE MUNICIPALITY OF QUEIMADAS, PARAÍBA, BRAZIL

The aim of this cross-sectional study was to evaluate the monitoring of child growth in the context of primary health care in Queimadas, Paraiba, Brazil, highlighting structural and process aspects. A questionnaire was submitted to 204 mothers. Health monitoring instruments of child health and 16 health units were analyzed. Regarding structure, the lack of a minimum number of staff as well as the lack of nursing training for child care was seen as major limitations. In regards to the process, the worst performance was for the records of weight and height in the last three months. For these, the best performance was observed in the urban area. As these duties were performed in disagreement with child health care policies, the results indicate the non-consolidation of effective monitoring of child growth. DESCRIPTORS: Growth. Nutritional surveillance. Child health. Primary health care. Health services evaluation.

Deficiências de micronutrientes em crianças brasileiras assistidas em creches: revisão da literatura

The scope of the study was to review the scientific publications on the nutritional status of iron, vitamin A and zinc among Brazilian children attending daycare centers, focusing on diagnostic methods, the prevalence of respective deficiencies and associated factors. A review of the literature was conducted in the PubMed, LILACS and SciELO databases. Observational studies with random representative samples using biochemical indicators to evaluate the nutritional status of iron, vitamin A and zinc of children attending public daycare centers were included. The average weighted prevalence for anemia and vitamin A deficiency was estimated. The variables associated with anemia were computed. Twenty-one observational studies were included, in which the nutritional status of iron, vitamin A and zinc were analyzed in 17, 4 and 3, respectively. The average weighted prevalence of anemia and vitamin A deficiency were 42.7% and 12.5%, respectively. Young children and children living in less favorable socioeconomic situations represented the main explanatory conditions predominantly associated with the occurrence of anemia. The results suggest a high prevalence of anemia, as well as vitamin A deficiency in Brazilian children attending daycare centers, with etiological prospects focused on infectious diseases.The scope of the study was to review the scientific publications on the nutritional status of iron, vitamin A and zinc among Brazilian children attending daycare centers, focusing on diagnostic methods, the prevalence of respective deficiencies and associated factors. A review of the literature was conducted in the PubMed, LILACS and SciELO databases. Observational studies with random representative samples using biochemical indicators to evaluate the nutritional status of iron, vitamin A and zinc of children attending public daycare centers were included. The average weighted prevalence for anemia and vitamin A deficiency was estimated. The variables associated with anemia were computed. Twenty-one observational studies were included, in which the nutritional status of iron, vitamin A and zinc were analyzed in 17, 4 and 3, respectively. The average weighted prevalence of anemia and vitamin A deficiency were 42.7% and 12.5%, respectively. Young children and children living in less favorable socioeconomic situations represented the main explanatory conditions predominantly associated with the occurrence of anemia. The results suggest a high prevalence of anemia, as well as vitamin A deficiency in Brazilian children attending daycare centers, with etiological prospects focused on infectious diseases.

Índices antropométricos de crianças assistidas em creches e sua relação com fatores socioeconômicos, maternos e infantis

Weight/height and weight/age anthropometric statistics are important, respectively, for identifying incipient changes in weight and alterations in nutritional status at an early stage. The scope of this study was to analyze weight/height- and weight/age-associated factors in preschool children. This is a cross-sectional study with a probabilistic sample scrutinizing 299 children enrolled in municipal daycare centers. Information was obtained through interviews with mothers together with a questionnaire analyzing socioeconomic, maternal and child information. Weight and height/stature of children were measured according to recommendations of the World Health Organization. The results showed that none of the maternal variables was associated with the nutritional status of children and that only birth weight among child variables revealed any association with weight/height (p = 0.0030) and weight/age scores (p = 0.0018). The block of socioeconomic variables, in turn, proved to be the most representative variation factor of results, especially in the weight/age index. The importance of birth weight in the weight/height and weight/age of children, as well as the socioeconomic conditions notably in weight/age indices, was clearly revealed.Weight/height and weight/age anthropometric statistics are important, respectively, for identifying incipient changes in weight and alterations in nutritional status at an early stage. The scope of this study was to analyze weight/height- and weight/age-associated factors in preschool children. This is a cross-sectional study with a probabilistic sample scrutinizing 299 children enrolled in municipal daycare centers. Information was obtained through interviews with mothers together with a questionnaire analyzing socioeconomic, maternal and child information. Weight and height/stature of children were measured according to recommendations of the World Health Organization. The results showed that none of the maternal variables was associated with the nutritional status of children and that only birth weight among child variables revealed any association with weight/height (p = 0.0030) and weight/age scores (p = 0.0018). The block of socioeconomic variables, in turn, proved to be the most representative variation factor of results, especially in the weight/age index. The importance of birth weight in the weight/height and weight/age of children, as well as the socioeconomic conditions notably in weight/age indices, was clearly revealed.

Características sociodemográficas e fatores importantes para a manutenção da saúde em mulheres

Objective: To investigate important factors for health maintenance and the socioeconomic and demographic characteristics of women users of Basic Health Units. Methods: Observational, cross-sectional, and analytical study, carried out in 2011, involving 204 women seen in 26 units of the city of Queimadas, Paraiba. Information regarding demographic (housing location, skin colour, age, and marital status) and socioeconomic characteristics (educational level and assistance by the ‘Bolsa Familia’ conditional cash transfer program), and life habits (diet, smoking, medical consultation, sedentarism, alcohol intake, and weight and stress control) was obtained by questionnaire, and then applied descriptive statistics and prevalence ratio. Results: The participants had mean age of 28.22 years (SD=6.49). The majority lived in rural areas (n=126; 61.76%), declared being able to read or write (n=184; 90.2%) and receiving the Bolsa Familia grant (n=153; 75.0%). The most frequently cited features for health maintenance were healthy diet (n=126; 61.8%), not smoking (n=21; 10.3%), and regular medical consultation (n=19; 9.3%). The socioeconomic and demographic variables showed no significant statistical associations with the important features for health maintenance. Conclusion: The studied population recognizes the healthy diet, not smoking, and regular medical consultation as the most important features for healthmaintenance. doi: 10.5020/18061230.2014.p503

Acompañamiento del crecimiento infantil en unidades básicas de salud de la familia del municipio de Queimadas, Paraíba, Brasil

The aim of this cross-sectional study was to evaluate the monitoring of child growth in the context of primary health care in Queimadas, Paraiba, Brazil, highlighting structural and process aspects. A questionnaire was submitted to 204 mothers. Health monitoring instruments of child health and 16 health units were analyzed. Regarding structure, the lack of a minimum number of staff as well as the lack of nursing training for child care was seen as major limitations. In regards to the process, the worst performance was for the records of weight and height in the last three months. For these, the best performance was observed in the urban area. As these duties were performed in disagreement with child health care policies, the results indicate the non-consolidation of effective monitoring of child growth. DESCRIPTORS: Growth. Nutritional surveillance. Child health. Primary health care. Health services evaluation.