Ana Carolina Guidorizzi Zanetti

Consumo de alcohol y autoestima en adolescentes

La presente investigacion tuvo como objetivo analizar la relacion entre el nivel de autoestima y el consumo de alcohol en los adolescentes, a traves de la realizacion de un estudio descriptivo transversal, en una facultad de enfermeria en la ciudad de Queretaro, en Mexico, en el mes de julio de 2008, en una muestra de 109 adolescentes, entre 17 y 20 anos. Para la obtencion de los datos fueron aplicados dos instrumentos: AUDIT y Cuestionario de autoestima de Rosemberg. La mayoria de los adolescentes participantes tuvieron la autoestima elevada (94.5%), ninguno presento autoestima baja. El 80.7% de los adolescentes del estudio no tiene riesgo de consumo de alcohol. Se concluye que la mayoria de los adolescentes presentaron una elevada autoestima y tuvieron riesgo bajo de consumo de alcohol. Por lo que se sugiere implementar programas preventivos con respecto al consumo de alcohol y factores protectores a fin de que los adolescentes continuen con un estilo de vida saludable.The aim of this study was to analyze the relationship of levels of self esteem and alcohol consumption in adolescents, by carrying out a transversal, descriptive study, in a college of nursing of Queretaro in Mexico, in the month of July 2008, with a sample of 109 adolescents, between 17 and 20 years old. For attainment of the data two instruments were applied: AUDIT and the Rosemberg self esteem scale. The majority of the participating adolescents had high self esteem (94.5%) and none presented low self esteem. Of the adolescents in the study 80.7% did not consume alcohol hazardously. It was concluded that the adolescents presented high self esteem and low alcohol consumption. Therefore, it is necessary to implement preventive programs related to alcohol consumption and to identify the protective factors to guarantee the maintenance of healthy habits for the adolescents.

Epidemiology of multimorbidity within the Brazilian adult general population: Evidence from the 2013 National Health Survey (PNS 2013)

Middle-income countries are facing a growing challenge of adequate health care provision for people with multimorbidity. The objectives of this study were to explore the distribution of multimorbidity and to identify patterns of multimorbidity in the Brazilian general adult population. Data from 60202 adults, aged ≥18 years that completed the individual questionnaire of the National Health Survey 2013 (Portuguese: “Pesquisa Nacional de Saúde”–“PNS”) was used. We defined multimorbidity as the presence of two or more chronic conditions, including self-reported diagnoses and responses to the 9-item Patient Health Questionnaire for depression. Multivariate Poisson regression analyses were used to explore relationship between multimorbidity and demographic factors. Exploratory tetrachoric factor analysis was performed to identify multimorbidity patterns. 24.2% (95% CI 23.5–24.9) of the study population were multimorbid, with prevalence rate ratios being significantly higher in women, older people and those with lowest educational level. Multimorbidity occurred earlier in women than in men, with half of the women and men aged 55–59 years and 65–69 years, respectively, were multimorbid. The absolute number of people with multimorbidity was approximately 2.5-fold higher in people younger than 65 years than older counterparts (9920 vs 3945). Prevalence rate ratios of any mental health disorder significantly increased with the number of physical conditions. 46.7% of the persons were assigned to at least one of three identified patterns of multimorbidity, including: “cardio-metabolic”, “musculoskeletal-mental” and “respiratory” disorders. Multimorbidity in Brazil is as common as in more affluent countries. Women in Brazil develop diseases at younger ages than men. Our findings can inform a national action plan to prevent multimorbidity, reduce its burden and align health-care services more closely with patients’ needs.

Pesquisas com famílias de portadores de transtorno mental

La finalidad de este trabajo es presentar una reflexion critica de los conocimientos producidos acerca de los temas: el impacto del trastorno mental en la familia, el impacto en el ambiente familiar en la evolucion de los trastornos y la experiencia de la familia con la enfermedad mental. Las medidas de sobrecarga y de emocion expresas son utiles para orientar politicas publicas y la practica profesional, pero no nos da un cuadro multidimensional de la experiencia del cuidado. Investigaciones sobre la experiencia familiar contribuyen para la comprension del sufrimiento presente en esta experiencia y de las formas de enfrentamiento adoptadas por las familias, contribuyendo tambien para que percibamos las diferencias de los contextos culturales en el enfrentamiento de las familias.The purpose of this paper is to present a critical reflection on the knowledge produced on the topics: the impact of the mental illness in the family, the impact of the family environment in the evolution of the eating and the experience family with the mental illness. The measures of overload and express emotion are useful to guide public politics and the practice professional, however in they do not give a multidimensional picture to them of the experience of the care. Research on the familiar experience contribute to the understanding of the present suffering in this experience and of the forms of confrontation adopted by the families, also contributing to perceive the differences of the cultural contexts in the confrontation of the families.

Atitudes relacionadas ao suicídio entre graduandos de enfermagem e fatores associados

Resumo Objetivo Investigar as atitudes relacionadas ao suicidio entre graduandos de enfermagem e fatores associados. Metodos Estudo transversal quantitativo desenvolvido com 244 graduandos de Enfermagem de uma instituicao de ensino superior do interior de Sao Paulo, Brasil. Os dados foram coletados em 2016 pela autoaplicacao de questionario sociodemografico e do Questionario de Atitudes Frente ao Comportamento Suicida. Para analise dos dados, foram utilizados o teste de correlacao de Spearman e o teste de Mann-Whitney. Resultados Mulheres tiveram atitudes mais negativas [...]

Research with families of people with mental disorder

La finalidad de este trabajo es presentar una reflexion critica de los conocimientos producidos acerca de los temas: el impacto del trastorno mental en la familia, el impacto en el ambiente familiar en la evolucion de los trastornos y la experiencia de la familia con la enfermedad mental. Las medidas de sobrecarga y de emocion expresas son utiles para orientar politicas publicas y la practica profesional, pero no nos da un cuadro multidimensional de la experiencia del cuidado. Investigaciones sobre la experiencia familiar contribuyen para la comprension del sufrimiento presente en esta experiencia y de las formas de enfrentamiento adoptadas por las familias, contribuyendo tambien para que percibamos las diferencias de los contextos culturales en el enfrentamiento de las familias.The purpose of this paper is to present a critical reflection on the knowledge produced on the topics: the impact of the mental illness in the family, the impact of the family environment in the evolution of the eating and the experience family with the mental illness. The measures of overload and express emotion are useful to guide public politics and the practice professional, however in they do not give a multidimensional picture to them of the experience of the care. Research on the familiar experience contribute to the understanding of the present suffering in this experience and of the forms of confrontation adopted by the families, also contributing to perceive the differences of the cultural contexts in the confrontation of the families.

Factores predictivos del uso de alcohol y tabaco en los adolescentes

OBJETIVOS: analizar el efecto de la autoestima, asertividad, autoeficacia y resiliencia sobre el consumo de alcohol y tabaco en adolescentes.METODO: descritivo correlacional con 575 adolescentes, en 2010. Se utilizaron la Escala de Autoestima, el Cuestionario de Confianza Situacional, el Cuestionario de Asertividad y la Escala de Resiliencia.RESULTADOS: el ajuste del modelo de regresion logistica, considerando la edad, sexo, autoestima, asertividad, autoeficacia y resiliencia, muestra significancia en el consumo de alcohol y tabaco. La edad, resiliencia y asertividad predicen el consumo de alcohol alguna vez en la vida y la edad y asertividad en el ultimo ano. De la misma forma la edad y sexo predicen el consumo de tabaco alguna vez en la vida y la edad en el ultimo ano.CONCLUSION: este estudio puede proporcionar informacion importante para la planificacion de intervenciones en enfermeria de los adolecentes usuarios de alcohol y tabaco.OBJECTIVES: to analyze the effect of self-esteem, assertiveness, self-efficacy and resiliency on alcohol and tobacco consumption in adolescents. METHOD: a descriptive and correlational study was undertaken with 575 adolescents in 2010. The Self-Esteem Scale, the Situational Confidence Scale, the Assertiveness Questionnaire and the Resiliency Scale were used. RESULTS: the adjustment of the logistic regression model, considering age, sex, self-esteem, assertiveness, self-efficacy and resiliency, demonstrates significance in the consumption of alcohol and tobacco. Age, resiliency and assertiveness predict alcohol consumption in the lifetime and assertiveness predicts alcohol consumption in the last year. Similarly, age and sex predict tobacco consumption in the lifetime and age in the last year. CONCLUSION: this study can offer important information to plan nursing interventions involving adolescent alcohol and tobacco users.

A medicação prescrita na internação hospitalar: o conhecimento do cliente

Errors along the process of medicine administration are some concerns referred to by nurses, and their occurrence can be minimized by providing clients with some guidance regarding medicine-based therapy. This descriptive study aimed at identifying inpatients level of information concerning medication prescribed to them. Exploratory and descriptive methodology was used. Seventy-six adult inpatients were interviewed. Their age ranged from 18 to 60 years, and 69.7% of them were female. Twenty-eight percent did not know the name of the first medicine prescribed to them, and 55% were not able to give information about their dosage. A reasonable number of clients knew nothing about medication they were using, or had misconceptions about it. A thorough understanding is paramount to Nursing professionals on their role to provide their patients with information on medication they are taking during their hospitalization time.Errors along the process of medicine administration are some concerns referred to by nurses, and their occurrence can be minimized by providing clients with some guidance regarding medicine-based therapy. This descriptive study aimed at identifying inpatients level of information concerning medication prescribed to them. Exploratory and descriptive methodology was used. Seventy-six adult inpatients were interviewed. Their age ranged from 18 to 60 years, and 69.7% of them were female. Twenty-eight percent did not know the name of the first medicine prescribed to them, and 55% were not able to give information about their dosage. A reasonable number of clients knew nothing about medication they were using, or had misconceptions about it. A thorough understanding is paramount to Nursing professionals on their role to provide their patients with information on medication they are taking during their hospitalization time. Descriptors: nursing; errors; pharmacological preparations Title: Medication Prescribed to Inpatients: The Clients Knowledge

The Meaning of Stigma for People with Mental Disorders in Brazil

ABSTRACT Objective: To understand the meaning of stigma for people with mental disorders. Method: A qualitative study with 46 Brazilian adults with mental disorders. Data were collected through semistructured interviews and nonparticipant observation and submitted for a thematic analysis with symbolic interactionism. Results: Stigma was considered as an experience of incomprehension and suffering. The society has difficulty in empathizing, respecting differences and understanding the extent of the suffering of people with mental disorders. Participants recommended anti-stigma strategies that included promoting knowledge and respecting differences. Conclusions: The present study contributes new insights to be addressed in interventions to reduce the suffering and impact of stigma.

Emergency Nursing Experiences in Assisting People With Suicidal Behavior: A Grounded Theory Study

AIM To understand emergency nursing experiences in assisting people with suicidal behavior. METHOD Grounded theory study with symbolic interactionism conducted in 2015 to 2016 in Brazil with 19 nurses. RESULTS Assistance for people with suicidal behavior is critical, challenging, evokes different feelings and requires knowledge, skills and emotional control. Nurses did not feel prepared or supported, and identified recurrent gaps and problems. Nurses occupied a limited role, restricted to attending to physical needs. They predominantly manifested opposition, judgments and incomprehension about patients. CONCLUSION This study presents key elements to be addressed in interventions and investigations regarding nursing support, training and supervision. HIGHLIGHTSAssisting suicidal patients is pressing, unpredictable, challenging, and critical for nurses in nonfavorable conditions.Nurses mainly manifesting opposition, incomprehension, judgments, and conflictive attitudes about the patients’ behavior.Nurses occupied a secondary and diffuse role in the assistance of suicidal patients and restricted it to physical demands.There are recurrent assistance problems and barriers related to patients, healthcare context and professional competence.It is needed training, support and supervision for nurses, addressing emotional competences, empathy and comprehensive care.

Meaning of Pharmacological Treatment for Families of People With Depression

Medication adherence is related to patient satisfaction with family support. This research aimed to understand the meaning of pharmacotherapy to families of people with major depressive disorder. This qualitative study employed Grounded Theory and Symbolic Interactionism. Seventeen families of people with depression from a Brazilian clinic were included. Data was collected from 2013 to 2014, using open interviews, which were analyzed by open, axial, and selective coding. Medication represented “Tranquility and worry” because it re-established tranquility in family routine, but generated concerns. Thus, families were conflicted and ambivalent about medications, and they interfered with the promotion or impairment of adherence.