Ana Inês Sousa

Perfil sociodemográfico e estado de saúde auto-referido entre idosas de uma localidade de baixa renda

Os objetivos foram elaborar diagnostico sociodemografico e identificar a auto-percepcao quanto ao estado de saude de mulheres idosas de uma localidade de baixa renda do municipio do Rio de Janeiro, Brasil. Trata-se de estudo descritivo, de corte seccional, desenvolvido em tres momentos: grupos focais exploratorios; Censo da Populacao Idosa e inquerito domiciliar com as idosas identificadas no Censo. Os sujeitos foram 369 idosas, correspondendo a 83,5% da populacao elegivel. As mulheres corresponderam a 62,8% do total de idosos da comunidade, apresentando uma condicao social nada favoravel (49,3% sao analfabetas, 44,7% estao viuvas, 62,3% tem renda mensal de ate um salario minimo e 22,0% declararam nao ter renda). Apesar de 62,0% afirmarem que tem uma boa saude, 80,5% referiram apresentar algum problema de saude. Pela sua propria condicao (idosa, mulher e pobre), o grupo ja se encontra potencialmente numa situacao de risco e de desvantagem social em relacao a outros grupos.

Apoio social entre idosas de uma localidade de baixa renda no Munícipio do Rio de Janeiro

Objective: To identify the perceived availability and provision of informal and formal social support among elderly women in a low income area of the municipality of Rio de Janeiro. Methods: This is descriptive and cross-sectional study; done by using household survey with 369 (83.5%) elderly in the community. Results: Elderly women had an adverse social condition (49.3% were illiterate, 71.3% had no partner, 62.3% reported a monthly income of up to minimum wage and 22.0% had no income.) The most common informal types of support were: money, personal care and companionship for locomotion. However, they relied on the care of grandchildren, housing and money. Only 20% reported receiving support from the state or institutions, most of them as basic food. The three main sources of formal supports were: the municipal government, the church and, the state government. Conclusion: The trade of relations had more weight on the side of the older, because the when the elderly cares for their grandchildren, the parents could work and thus increase the household income. Descriptors: Health of the elderly; Social support; Aging; Cross-sectional studies; Women’s health

Fatores de risco para mortalidade neonatal no município de Serra, Espírito Santo

Objetivou-se analisar os fatores de risco associados a mortalidade neonatal no municipio de Serra, ES. Realizou-se estudo de coorte nao concorrente, utilizando a tecnica de Linkage que pareou os 32.275 nascidos vivos com 273 obitos neonatais ocorridos no periodo de 2001 a 2005, utilizando-se dados do SINASC e SIM. Apos os ajustes na regressao logistica, os fatores associados a mortalidade foram: maes sem instrucao, idade materna 35 anos, nascer em hospital publico, nenhuma consulta de pre-natal, peso ao nascer.The objective was to analyze the risk factors associated with neonatal mortality in the city of Serra, ES. We studied non-concurrent cohort, using the technique of Linkage that relate the 32.275 live births with 273 neonatal deaths occurred in the period from 2001 to 2005, using data from SINASC and SIM. After adjustments in the logistic regression, factors associated with mortality were: uneducated mothers, maternal age <15 years and > 35 years old, born in a public hospital, no prenatal consultation, birth weight.

Experiências de ensino-aprendizagem de estudantes de enfermagem em uma comunidade do município do Rio de Janeiro

ResumenEste estudio tuvo como objetivo identificar la percepcion de los estudiantes frente al trabajo desarrollado en una comunidad, y discutir el significado de las actividades realizadas por los academicos para su formacion profesional. Se utilizo el abordaje cualitativo y la muestra fue constituida por 89 estudiantes. En la voz de los mismos, las expectativas iniciales a la llegada al campo fueron marcadas no solo por el miedo de encontrar situaciones de violencia pero por el deseo de poder contribuir en la mejoria de las condiciones de salud de la poblacion. Ellas significaron el trabajo desarrollado en la comunidad como posibilidad de crecimiento personal, mayor comprension de la actuacion profesional del enfermero y oportunidad de vivir el trabajo del enfermero de Salud Publica. De esa forma, se verifica la relevancia de las experiencias de ensenanza aprendizaje en la comunidad para el proceso de formacion profesional de los academicos de enfermeria.

Clinical and epidemiological profile of cases of deaths from stomach cancer in the National Cancer Institute, Brazil.

Introduction Stomach cancer is the third most common cause of death worldwide, mainly affecting people with low socioeconomic status. In Brazil, we expect 20,390 new cases of stomach cancer in 2014, in both sexes, and according to the proportional distribution of the ten most prevalent types of cancer (except non-melanoma skin cancer) expected for 2014, this type of cancer was estimated to be the fourth most common in men and sixth in women. Aim To investigate and analyse the clinical and epidemiological profile of deaths caused by stomach adenocarcinoma in patients enrolled in the National Cancer Institute, Brazil. Methods Cross-sectional study, with samples which consisted of data from the medical records of deaths from stomach cancer, enrolled in the period from 1 February 2009 to 31 March 2012 and who had died as of 30 April 2012. Statistical Analysis Used The Epi Info ®, version 7 Results We included 264 cases, mostly male. The mean age was 61.7 years. They were smokers, drinkers, white, and married, with elementary education and an income of one minimum salary. They had advanced stage disease (E IV), with symptoms characteristic of this phase, and the majority died within six months. Conclusion The findings are similar to other studies. The advanced stage of the disease at the time of admission of the patients reflects the difficulty for users of the Unified Health System to access early diagnosis, demonstrating the need for efforts to identify groups and risk factors for the development of gastric cancer. Training of health professionals will facilitate planning and implementation of programmes for the prevention and control of disease, considering socioeconomic conditions, as seen in the sample, which is common among most users.

Risk factors for neonatal mortality in the city of Serra, Espírito Santo

Objetivou-se analisar os fatores de risco associados a mortalidade neonatal no municipio de Serra, ES. Realizou-se estudo de coorte nao concorrente, utilizando a tecnica de Linkage que pareou os 32.275 nascidos vivos com 273 obitos neonatais ocorridos no periodo de 2001 a 2005, utilizando-se dados do SINASC e SIM. Apos os ajustes na regressao logistica, os fatores associados a mortalidade foram: maes sem instrucao, idade materna 35 anos, nascer em hospital publico, nenhuma consulta de pre-natal, peso ao nascer.The objective was to analyze the risk factors associated with neonatal mortality in the city of Serra, ES. We studied non-concurrent cohort, using the technique of Linkage that relate the 32.275 live births with 273 neonatal deaths occurred in the period from 2001 to 2005, using data from SINASC and SIM. After adjustments in the logistic regression, factors associated with mortality were: uneducated mothers, maternal age <15 years and > 35 years old, born in a public hospital, no prenatal consultation, birth weight.

Social support among elderly women in a low income area in the municipality of Rio de Janeiro

Objective: To identify the perceived availability and provision of informal and formal social support among elderly women in a low income area of the municipality of Rio de Janeiro. Methods: This is descriptive and cross-sectional study; done by using household survey with 369 (83.5%) elderly in the community. Results: Elderly women had an adverse social condition (49.3% were illiterate, 71.3% had no partner, 62.3% reported a monthly income of up to minimum wage and 22.0% had no income.) The most common informal types of support were: money, personal care and companionship for locomotion. However, they relied on the care of grandchildren, housing and money. Only 20% reported receiving support from the state or institutions, most of them as basic food. The three main sources of formal supports were: the municipal government, the church and, the state government. Conclusion: The trade of relations had more weight on the side of the older, because the when the elderly cares for their grandchildren, the parents could work and thus increase the household income. Descriptors: Health of the elderly; Social support; Aging; Cross-sectional studies; Women’s health

Quality assessment of a system of prenatal information

Objetivo: Avaliar a qualidade do Sistema de Informacao de Pre-Natal do municipio de Vitoria - ES. Metodos: Trata-se de um estudo transversal com analise do Sistema de Informacao Pre-natal (SISPRENATAL) de um municipio da regiao sudeste do Brasil. A qualidade do sistema foi avaliado segundo os criterios de acessibilidade, clareza metodologica, oportunidade e completitude definidos pela Comissao Economica para a America Latina e Caribe (CEPAL). A completitude foi avaliada segundo os criterios de incompletitude propostos por Romero e Cunha e atribuidos escores em graus de avaliacao quanto a: excelente, bom, regular, ruim e muito ruim. Resultados: A maioria dos resultados apresentou escore de qualidade ruim e muito ruim. Os campos com qualidade excelente ou boa para incompletitude estao relacionados aos itens de preenchimento obrigatorio. Conclusao: Os profissionais precisam ser sensibilizados para o adequado registro da assistencia prestada a gestante. Palavras-chave: Cuidado pre-natal. Avaliacao em saude. Qualidade da assistencia a saude. Enfermagem obstetrica.Objective To evaluate the quality of the Prenatal Information System of the city of Vitoria - ES. Methods This is a cross-sectional study with an analysis of the Prenatal Information System Data (SISPRENATAL) from a municipality in the Southeast Region of Brazil. The quality of the system was evaluated according to the accessibility criteria, methodological clarity, timeliness and completeness defined by the Economic Commission for Latin America and the Caribbean (ECLAC). Completeness was evaluated according to the criteria of incompleteness proposed by Romero and Cunha, and assigned scores in degrees of evaluation for: excellent, good, fair, bad and very bad. Results Most of the results presented scores of bad and very bad quality. Fields with excellent or good quality for incompleteness are related to the mandatory items. Conclusion Professionals need to be aware of the proper registration of the care provided to pregnant women.

Curricular intersections of university extension and teaching in Physical Therapy programs

Introduction University extension can be a vehicle for social change and aid in the education of university students; however, it is important to study how it is inserted in university programs so that educational actions and policies can be planned more adequately. Objectives To study the insertion of extension activities in undergraduate physical therapy curricula in Brazilian federal universities. Method Documentary research conducted by accessing files available on the Internet. Data were analyzed quantitatively in the form of numbers and percentages. We examined documents from 22 of the 29 federal universities that offered physical therapy programs. Results University extension takes the form of complementary academic activities together with other options such as participating in conferences, specific training courses and working as a teaching assistant. Undergraduate physical therapy courses have a 4,000h to 4,925h course load, of which 0.72% to 8.9% are dedicated to extension activities. Conclusion The data indicate that the insertion of extension activities in undergraduate physical therapy programs offered by Brazilian federal universities needs to be reassessed according to recommended policies and guidelines.

Prácticas de cuidado empleadas en el tratamiento de niños y adolescentes con infección latente por tuberculosis

OBJETIVO:identificar praticas alternativas de cuidado utilizadas por familiares de criancas e adolescentes com infeccao latente por tuberculose (ILTB) sob tratamento preventivo com isoniazida (TPI) na comunidade da Rocinha, municipio do Rio de Janeiro-RJ, Brasil.METODOS:estudo descritivo, por meio de inquerito domiciliar com familiares de criancas e adolescentes com ate 11 anos de idade tratados com TPI em um Centro Municipal de Saude; a coleta de dados ocorreu em 2011, por meio de questionario.RESULTADOS:o TPI foi empregado em 85 casos de ILTB; as praticas de cuidados foram adotadas por 52 familiares; em 35/52 casos, houve emprego de ervas e alimentos especiais pela familia; em 17/52, houve mudancas de habitos de vida, como evitar sereno, chuva e esforco fisico.CONCLUSAO:foram identificadas praticas desnecessarias de cuidados coadjuvantes ao TPI realizadas pelos familiares das criancas e adolescentes com ILTB.Objective: to identify alternative healthcare practices applied by families of children and adolescents with latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI) having Isoniazid Preventive Therapy (IPT) in the Rocinha neighborhood of Rio de Janeiro city, Brazil. Methods: this was a descriptive study using a household survey with parents of children and adolescents aged under 11 years undergoing IPT at a municipal health center. The data was collected in 2011 using a questionnaire. Results: 85 LTBI cases were having IPT. Adjuvant care practices in addition to IPT were employed by 52 families. In 35/52 cases families used herbs and special foods. In 17/52 cases there were changes in lifestyle habits, such as: avoiding drizzle, rain and physical exertion. Conclusion: Unnecessary adjuvant IPT practices used by families of children and adolescents with LTBI were identified.