Ana Maria Seixas

A Ética dos Alunos de Administração e de Economia no Ensino Superior

Academic fraud committed by higher education students is a problem with institutional and social ramifications, with undesired effects on labor market efficiency and compromising societal trust in organizations, and is especially serious for future managers. This paper studies the attitudes business and economics students have towards academic fraud, their perceptions of the frequency and gravity of the various types of fraud by committed by fellow students, and their opinions on factors that motivate or inhibit it. The paper proposes a new four-dimensional framework for analyzing fraud and proposes two new indicators to evaluate predisposition to commit fraud (PCF) and to evaluate predisposition to denounce fraud (PDF). Empirically, 1,276 students from Portuguese universities were surveyed using a new projective questionnaire, which was answered in person in the classroom. Results show that the highest incidence of fraud is associated with written exam assessment and that denunciation is almost non-existent. Buying and selling academic work is seen as the most condemnable fraudulent behavior. Higher PCF is found among the worst students and those less committed to their course or university. The primary reason for ethical misconduct is related to academic achievement and the main factor preventing it is dissuasion.

Políticas educativas em contextos globalizados: a expansão do ensino superior em Portugal e no Brasil

Este artigo analisa a configuracao que o ensino superior assume no contexto das mudancas ocorridas, nas ultimas decadas, no cenario internacional, destacando aspectos relativos a situacao de Portugal e do Brasil. Parte-se do pressuposto de que as instituicoes de ensino superior enfrentam, no actual momento historico, novos desafios para responder as exigencias das sociedades globalizadas que, dentre outras caracteristicas, atribuem uma centralidade ao conhecimento. Mais especificamente, o artigo discute as diferentes estrategias adoptadas por Portugal e pelo Brasil para promover o processo de expansao do ensino superior, destacando como eixo central a diversificacao institucional. Demarca-se na analise que, apesar da existencia de tendencias globais nas politicas de expansao desse nivel de ensino, e necessario analisa-las tendo em conta as especificidades proprias de cada pais, tanto no que concerne ao processo de expansao da educacao superior quanto a sua insercao na economia globalizada.