Ana Paula Daniel

Efeito do gelo clorado sobre parâmetros químicos e microbiológicos da carne de carpa capim (Ctenopharyngodon idella)

The rapid spoilage of fishes causes economical losses in the processing and marketing of these products. In the present study, the efficiency of chlorinated ice to increase grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella) shelf life was evaluated. Mesophilic and psychrotrophic bacteria count, total volatile basic nitrogen (TVBN) and pH were evaluated in the flesh of grass carp stored refrigerated (3±1oC) for 20 days, covered with chlorinated (5ppm) or non-chlorinated ice. Chlorine significantly reduced (p<0,05) mesophilic and psychrotrophic bacteria count in the flesh, as well as pH and the initial values of TVBN. TVBN values were low and did not exhibit great changes over the storage time. Results showed that grass carp shelf life could be extended around 3 days by using chlorinated ice. Besides, pH and TVBN values were considered unsuitable to assess grass carp spoilage.

Qualidade microbiológica no processamento do frango assado em unidade de alimentação e nutrição

SUMMARY MICROBIOLOGICAL QUALITY IN THE ROAST CHICKEN PROCESS IN NUTRITIONAL AND NOURISHMENT UNIT. The alimentary toxinfections of microbial source have been recognized as a larger health public problem. Protein perishable products are considered important in relation to the sanitary-hygiene control. Therefore, the objective of this study was to analyze the microbiological quality of the procedure of roast chicken. The monitoring of roast chicken preparation was carried out through microbiological analyses of swabs counters, vessels, handlers as row and roast chicken. The bacteriological study was developed in a totality of 96 samples that were submitted to the following microbiological analyses: total and fecal Coliforms, coagulase positive Staphylococcus and Salmonella ssp., and Clostridium only in roast chicken. Microbial analyses of counters, vessels and handlers after the hygiene and roast chicken demonstrated no evidence of the microorganisms analyzed. In 9.9% of the row chicken samples, the presence of fecal Coliform were found (≥15.000 NMP – law limit) and 6.6% of the samples presented coagulase positive Staphylococcus. All the samples did not present Salmonella ssp. It was detected fecal Coliform contamination in the counters and hands during the handling of the chicken and it was related to the raw material. The results showed that the processing stage were microbiological quality appropriate, guarantying the safety end product.

Modified broken rice starch as fat substitute in sausages

The demand for low-fat beef products has led the food industry to use fat substitutes such as modified starch. About 14% of broken rice is generated during processing. Nevertheless, this by-product contains high levels of starch; being therefore, great raw material for fat substitution. This study evaluated the applicability of chemically and physically modified broken rice starch as fat substitute in sausages. Extruded and phosphorylated broken rice was used in low-fat sausage formulation. All low-fat sausages presented about 55% reduction in the fat content and around 28% reduction in the total caloric value. Fat replacement with phosphorylated and extruded broken rice starch increased the texture acceptability of low-fat sausages, when compared to low-fat sausages with no modified broken rice. Results suggest that modified broken rice can be used as fat substitute in sausage formulations, yielding lower caloric value products with acceptable sensory characteristics.

Fracionamento a seco da farinha de aveia e modificação química da fração rica em amido

The objective of this study was to obtain starch and fiber enriched oatmeal fractions through sieving, chemically modifying (phosphorylation) the starch enriched fraction, and evaluating its functional properties. Fractionation was performed using > 300, 212-300, 150-212, and 300 µm and 212-300 µm were similar and had increased protein and fiber content (1.5 and 2.7 fold), but reduced starch content (0.5-0.6 fold) when compared to whole oatmeal. Fractions 212-150 µm and < 150 µm were similar and had the highest starch content (around 70%). The starch-rich fraction < 150 µm that had the highest yield during sieving (35.5%) was phosphorylated with sodium tripolyphosphate at 150-155 °C for 20 and 40 min, yielding 0.39 and 0.32% phosphorus bound, respectively. Cold water binding capacity increased (1.9-3.3 fold), while syneresis at 5 °C or after freezing/thawing was significantly reduced (6-20 and 5-6 fold, respectively) in phosphorylated starch fraction when compared to the native starch fraction. Phosphorylation reduced the increase of pasta opacity during storage at 5 °C, which indicates a lower retrogradation tendency. Thus, oatmeal sieving yielded fractions either enriched in fiber and protein or enriched in starch. Moreover, phosphorylation of the starch-rich fraction improved their functional properties, which may increase the potential applicability and economic value of this fraction in the food industry.