Anderson Moreira Aristides dos Santos

Causalidade entre renda e saúde: uma análise através da abordagem de dados em painel com os estados do Brasil

This paper aims to analyze causality relationship between income and health, seeking to control the potential differences of this relation over the Brazilian territory. Three tests for Granger causality in panel data, proposed respectively by Holtz-Eakin et al. (1988), Granger and Huang (1997) and Hurlin (2005, 2007), are applied to a database of Brazilian states over the period 1981-2007. The main results show that conclusions can be misleading when they are based on the causality tests with homogeneous structure parameters. And so, the test proposed by Hurlin (2005, 2007), which controls the different types of heterogeneity, indicates that in Brazil the evidence is clearer for causality in direction from health to income.

Os determinantes socioeconômicos do estado de saúde das crianças do Brasil rural

This study aims to analyze the socioeconomic determinants of children’s individual health state in the countryside of Brazil, using data from PNAD 2008. Probit and ordered probit were used in the analysis. Main results show that elements, such as better health of parents, higher income, higher information levels, access to high quality water, besides governmental policies, such as ProgramaSaude da Familia,are positively related with children’s health. Besides the negative effect of the poor socioeconomic conditions on health in childhood, it is known that worse health in childhood can generate, in the future, new poor socioeconomic conditions forthese children. Thus, this circle could be a mechanism of poverty perpetuation. Therefore, governmental policies which affect children’s health in a positive way can promote favorable resultsfor the population.

Factors associated with smoking cessation in Brazil

Tobacco has been identified as the drug with the highest addiction rate and the leading cause of avoidable deaths. The current study thus aimed to identify the determinants of smoking cessation in a Brazilian population sample based on data from the National Household Sample Survey for 2008. The study analyzed socioeconomic, residential, and health-related data as well as individual habits. Data analysis used Poisson regression. The following factors were associated with smoking cessation: age 45 years or older, higher income, medical consultation in the previous 12 months, private health plan, physical exercise, believing that smoking is bad for ones health and that cigarette smoke is harmful to passive smokers, and Internet access in the household. Subjects with heart conditions, diabetes, and cancer were also more prone to quit smoking.O tabaco e apontado como a droga com maior porcentual de dependencia entre as drogas aditivas e, tambem, como o maior causador de mortes evitaveis. Nesse sentido, este estudo visou a encontrar os determinantes de cessacao do tabagismo para a populacao brasileira com base nos dados da Pesquisa Nacional por Amostra de Domicilios de 2008. Foram analisadas informacoes socioeconomicas, de zona e regiao de residencia, de saude e habitos dos individuos. A analise dos dados envolveu estimacoes utilizando-se a regressao de Poisson. Os resultados mostram que fatores como ter 45 anos ou mais, possuir renda mais elevada, ter consultado medico nos ultimos 12 meses, ter plano de saude, praticar exercicios fisicos, acreditar que o tabaco faz mal a saude, que a fumaca do cigarro compromete a saude dos fumantes passivos, e ter Internet no domicilio se relacionam positivamente com a cessacao do tabagismo. Alem disso, pessoas com problemas cardiacos, diabetes e câncer mostraram uma maior propensao a deixar de fumar.

An agent-based tutoring system for learning propositional logic using multiple linked representations

In this paper, we propose an agent-based ITS for learning propositional logic using two linked viewpoints and representations to address the problem on checking the validation of a given argument, articulating syntactic and semantic inference approaches. One motivation for this integration comes from the importance to involve students in two complementary viewpoints, permitting students to make connections between the two viewpoints involving different strategies, used in problem solving situations. Basically, the system works by placing students in a problem-solving situation and providing needed knowledge support based on his performance. We discuss the system and show its architecture and functionality, as well as its implementation details. Through scenarios with adequate coverage, we evaluate the value of the proposed approach and conclude that it is feasible and useful.

O IMPACTO DO PROGRAMA SAÚDE DA FAMÍLIA SOBRE A SAÚDE DAS CRIANÇAS DA ÁREA RURAL DO BRASIL

This paper aims to analyze the impact of Family Health Program (PSF) on the children’s health (under 12 years old) in Brazil’s rural area, using data from the PNAD (2008) and the PSM and OLS methods, applying sensitivity analysis proposed by Ichino et al. (2008) and Oster (2015). The results indicates that the PSF has a statistically significant and high magnitude impact on the children’s health in Brazil’s rural area. However, it is concentrated in the North and Northeast, but it is not significant in the Mid-South. For the North region, this impact is independent of age, while in the Northeast it is significant for younger age groups. The sensitivity analysis proposed by Ichino et al. (2008) reported robust results for the North in all age groups, while in the Northeast region the robustness only occurred to children between 0 and 3 years old. Based in Oster (2015) approach, only the results of the North region in the smaller age groups were robust. There is confirmation of the hypothesis that this type of policy benefits the individuals of the poorest regions in rural area.

Fatores associados à cessação do tabagismo no Brasil

Tobacco has been identified as the drug with the highest addiction rate and the leading cause of avoidable deaths. The current study thus aimed to identify the determinants of smoking cessation in a Brazilian population sample based on data from the National Household Sample Survey for 2008. The study analyzed socioeconomic, residential, and health-related data as well as individual habits. Data analysis used Poisson regression. The following factors were associated with smoking cessation: age 45 years or older, higher income, medical consultation in the previous 12 months, private health plan, physical exercise, believing that smoking is bad for ones health and that cigarette smoke is harmful to passive smokers, and Internet access in the household. Subjects with heart conditions, diabetes, and cancer were also more prone to quit smoking.O tabaco e apontado como a droga com maior porcentual de dependencia entre as drogas aditivas e, tambem, como o maior causador de mortes evitaveis. Nesse sentido, este estudo visou a encontrar os determinantes de cessacao do tabagismo para a populacao brasileira com base nos dados da Pesquisa Nacional por Amostra de Domicilios de 2008. Foram analisadas informacoes socioeconomicas, de zona e regiao de residencia, de saude e habitos dos individuos. A analise dos dados envolveu estimacoes utilizando-se a regressao de Poisson. Os resultados mostram que fatores como ter 45 anos ou mais, possuir renda mais elevada, ter consultado medico nos ultimos 12 meses, ter plano de saude, praticar exercicios fisicos, acreditar que o tabaco faz mal a saude, que a fumaca do cigarro compromete a saude dos fumantes passivos, e ter Internet no domicilio se relacionam positivamente com a cessacao do tabagismo. Alem disso, pessoas com problemas cardiacos, diabetes e câncer mostraram uma maior propensao a deixar de fumar.

Factores asociados con el abandono del tabaquismo en Brasil

Tobacco has been identified as the drug with the highest addiction rate and the leading cause of avoidable deaths. The current study thus aimed to identify the determinants of smoking cessation in a Brazilian population sample based on data from the National Household Sample Survey for 2008. The study analyzed socioeconomic, residential, and health-related data as well as individual habits. Data analysis used Poisson regression. The following factors were associated with smoking cessation: age 45 years or older, higher income, medical consultation in the previous 12 months, private health plan, physical exercise, believing that smoking is bad for ones health and that cigarette smoke is harmful to passive smokers, and Internet access in the household. Subjects with heart conditions, diabetes, and cancer were also more prone to quit smoking.O tabaco e apontado como a droga com maior porcentual de dependencia entre as drogas aditivas e, tambem, como o maior causador de mortes evitaveis. Nesse sentido, este estudo visou a encontrar os determinantes de cessacao do tabagismo para a populacao brasileira com base nos dados da Pesquisa Nacional por Amostra de Domicilios de 2008. Foram analisadas informacoes socioeconomicas, de zona e regiao de residencia, de saude e habitos dos individuos. A analise dos dados envolveu estimacoes utilizando-se a regressao de Poisson. Os resultados mostram que fatores como ter 45 anos ou mais, possuir renda mais elevada, ter consultado medico nos ultimos 12 meses, ter plano de saude, praticar exercicios fisicos, acreditar que o tabaco faz mal a saude, que a fumaca do cigarro compromete a saude dos fumantes passivos, e ter Internet no domicilio se relacionam positivamente com a cessacao do tabagismo. Alem disso, pessoas com problemas cardiacos, diabetes e câncer mostraram uma maior propensao a deixar de fumar.

A multiagent-based ITS using multiple viewpoints for propositional logic

This paper reports on preliminary efforts to develop a multi- agent-based Intelligent Tutoring System for teaching propositional logic using two integrated approaches with focus on checking the validation of a given argument. One motivation for this integration comes from the importance to involve students in two complementary viewpoints, permitting students to make connections between the two viewpoints involving different strategies, used in problem solving situations.