André Menezes do Vale

Efeitos do tratamento com closantel e ivermectina na carga parasitária, no perfil hematológico e bioquímico sérico e no grau Famacha de ovinos infectados com nematódeos

Despite its known resistance, the sheep are subject to endoparasitoses, which are the main limiting factor for its production worldwide, especially in tropical regions. This study aims to evaluate the changes in parasitic load, serum biochemical and hematological panel, and Famacha scores of mixed-bred sheep naturally infected with nematodes and treated with ivermectin and closantel. The study was conducted at July 2010, in a farm in the municipality of Mossoro, Rio Grande do Norte state, Brazil. We selected 41 animals were divided into three groups: group I- control (without treatment), group II- treated with ivermectin (0.2 mg/kg), and Group III- treated with closantel (5mg/kg). Stool samples were collected on days 0, 7, 14 and 21 after treatment for quantitative analysis (EPG) and qualitative analysis (stool culture), we used samples from days 0, 14 and 21. The first blood sample was given on day 0, the second and third 24 and 72 hours after the first, respectively the fourth and fifth 7 and 14 days after the first of which analyzed the blood count, serum total protein, albumin and globulins, and albumin/globulins ratio. Famacha scores were determined the degree of each animal at all times of sampling. Closantel administration was effective in the treatment of helminthiasis, especially Haemonchus contortus in evaluated sheep. On the other hand, there was parasite resistance to ivermectin. Famacha data showed negative correlation with packed cell volume, leukocytes, hemoglobin, albumin, total protein, globulin and albumin/globulin ratio. The packed cell volume showed a strong and positive correlation with hemoglobin, albumin and total protein. Treatment with ivermectin and closantel were not responsible for considerable changes in hematological and biochemical parameters evaluated.

Aspectos hematológicos de caprinos (Capra hircus) da raça Canindé criados no Rio Grande do Norte

The objective of this paper was to study the hematological profile of Caninde breed goats (Capra hircus) raised in the state of Rio Grande do Norte, as well as the acquirement of reference values appropriate to our region. Blood samples were collected from 58 clinically healthy animals, distributed in 4 groups (males, over 5-month-old, pregnant and not pregnant females and young goats, up to 4 months of age). From a single blood sample from each animal, it was possible to perform the red blood cell (RBC) count, packed cell volume (PCV), hemoglobin, mean cell volume (MCV), mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration (MCHC) and the white blood cell (WBC) count and differential). The obtained data was statically evaluated by the Tukey test for parametric variables and Kruskal-Wallis test followed by Dunns test for nonparametric-level significance (p<0.05). The results of this study can be used as a reference for this breed of goats, making future interpretations possible from the evaluated parameters, and can support further studies in healthy or diseased animals. It shows the need for further research that demonstrates the semiarid conditions of handling and feeding, as well as assessment of variation factors on the constituents of blood taking into account sex, age and the physiological state of animals.

Composition and significance of glycosaminoglycans in the uterus and placenta of mammals

Glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) are heteropolysaccharides in mammalian tissue and consist of repeated disaccharide units with mono-sulfated or non-sulfated monosaccharides. GAGs are important components of the Extracellular Matrix (ECM) with several physiological roles, in the recognition, migration, adhesion, proliferation and differentiation processes. They are also important in angiogenesis, blood homeostasis, immune reactions, follicule development and also in the development of pathologies such as infertility, tumors and metastases. It has been shown that the profile of glycosaminoglycans in the uterine and placental tissues is highly variable throughout the reproductive cycle and during pregnancy. It may be directly related to their physiological or pathological functions in the tissue. The latter has recently triggered special clinical interest. Current review collaborates for a deeper knowledge on the profile and importance of GAGs in uterine and placental tissues throughout the reproductive cycle and pregnancy. It also covers information on the involvement of these molecules in pathological processes.

Dinâmica da inversão do saco vitelino em preás (Galea spixii Wagler, 1831)

Vale A.M., Oliveira G.B., Favaron P.O., Miglino M.A., Paula V.V., Silva A.R. & Oli- veira M.F. 2013. (Dynamics of yolk sac inversion in galea (Galea spixii Wagler, 1831).) Dinâmica da inversao do saco vitelino em preas (Galea spixii Wagler, 1831). Pesquisa Veteri- naria Brasileira 33(8):1033-1040. Programa de Pos-Graduacao em Ciencia Animal, Univer- sidade Federal Rural do Semi-Arido, BR 110 Km 47, Rodovia Presidente Costa e Silva s/n, Mossoro, RN 59625-900, Brazil. E-mail: andre_bioquimico@hotmail.com The aim of this study was to study the time of yolk sac inversion as well as the dynamics resulting from this process in galea throughout pregnancy. For this, conventional histologi- cal techniques, scanning electron microscopy and transmission electron microscopy were used. Parietal and visceral endoderm delimiting the yolk sac cavity was observed at 12 days of pregnancy. The parietal endoderm was coating the fetal surface of the chorioallan- toic placenta as well as delimiting the decidua capsularis area. This endoderm had prisma- tic format and were apart from the trophoblast by an enlarged Reicherts membrane. The visceral endoderm had vitelline vessels and there were villi only in certain areas. At 14 days of pregnancy the yolk sac inversion was characterized by the degeneration of parietal en- doderm and mural trophoblast, and also the gradual disappearance of the Reicherts mem- brane. So it made the visceral endoderm establish an interface with the uterine epithelium. After the inversion, the parietal endoderm which remained intact was the one that rested on the chorioallantoic placenta surface. It presented cells with high columnar format and pseudostratified epithelium featured. The visceral endoderm presented many apical villi, especially in areas close to the chorioallantoic placenta. The continued development of the embryo and chorioallantoic placenta evidenced the emergence of an important apposition area between visceral and parietal endoderm. The yolk sac inversion represented an ana- tomical arrangement in favor of the embryo development as well as an evolutionary trait in this rodent species.

Rhinocerebral and rhinopharyngeal conidiobolomycosis in sheep

The present study aimed to report the occurrence as well as the clinical, laboratorial, pathological and mycological findings of three outbreaks of rhinocerebral and rhinopharyngeal conidiobolomycosis in sheep from Rio Grande do Norte state, Brazil. A total of six sheep with clinical signs of conidiobolomycosis were evaluated, and information on history was obtained from ranchers. Clinical signs included depression, progressive emaciation, sero-sanguinolent nasal discharge, tachycardia, dyspnea, miosis and unilateral exophthalmia with increased ocular globe volume, corneal ulceration and nervous system signs. The main hematological alteration was neutrophilia. Serum biochemical evaluation revealed increased values for AST, GGT, creatinine, urea, and glucose, and decreased total proteins and albumin levels. Cerebrospinal fluid analysis showed the presence of fibrin reticules and pleocytosis. Upon necropsy, longitudinal sections of the head revealed the presence of a nodular mass with a friable consistency and a white-yellowish coloration. Microscopic findings included meningitis, cortex necrosis and encephalitis with the presence of eosinophilic Splendore-Hoeppli substance. Histopathology of the lungs revealed a Splendore-Hoeppli-like material and hyperplasia of alveolar and bronchiolar epithelium. Renal lesions were suggestive of amyloidosis.

Suppurative intracranial processes in 15 domestic ruminants

In addition to listeriosis which is relatively common in ruminants, there are three other uncommon suppurative intracranial processes (SIP) identifiable in adult ungulates as brain abscess, basilar empyema and suppurative meningitis. The present paper reports the epidemiological, clinical, laboratorial, pathological and microbiological findings of 15 domestic ruminants with SIP. A total of 15 animals were selected (eight sheep, four cattle and three goats); with the definitive diagnoses of basilar empyema (n=3), brain abscess (n=1), listeriosis (n=5) and suppurative meningitis (n=6). Hematology revealed leukocytosis with inversion of the lymphocyte/ neutrophil ratio in 4 cases. In the majority of animals, cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) presented light yellow coloration and cloudy aspect due to neutrophilic pleocytosis (15 - 997 leukocytes/µL). Microbiological culture of CSF or central nervous system (CNS) fragments resulted on isolation of Trueperella (Arcanobacterium) pyogenes,Listeria monocytogenes,Escherichia coli and Stenotrophomonas sp. In a goat with thalamic abscess, microbiological assay was not performed, but Gram positive bacilli type bacteria were observed in histology. The diagnosis of these outbreaks was based on the association of epidemiological, clinical, pathological and bacteriological findings; reiterating that the infectious component remains an important cause of CNS disease in domestic ruminants and also shows the need for dissemination of information about the most effective preventive measures for the ranchers.

Pelger-Huët anomaly in two related mixed-breed dogs

A 6-month-old male mixed-breed dog weighing 12.6 kg weight was presented for evaluation of a subcutaneous nodule on the dorsum. The medical history indicated trimethoprim–sulfamethoxazole treatment 2 months before presentation at the veterinary hospital. The initial complete blood cell count (CBC) results included an apparent left shift. Microscopic examination of a blood smear (Panoptic stain) revealed granulocytes with hyposegmented nuclei, coarse mature chromatin, and a nuclear shape varying from round to bilobed (pince-nez) or slightly indented. Occasional neutrophils and eosinophils had typical segmentation of nuclei. Abnormalities were not present in limited serum biochemical testing. The CBC was repeated 17 and 120 days later, and the results were similar to those observed in the first examination. The parents of the patient were located, and a CBC was performed on both animals. The dam, but not the sire, had nuclear hyposegmentation of granulocytes, confirming the diagnosis of Pelger-Huët anomaly.

Association of chlorambucil and prednisolone in the treatment of canine acute myeloid leukemia

Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is a type of neoplasm that is characterized by infiltration, especially in the bone marrow and peripheral blood, by undifferentiated cells of the hematopoietic system. In general, chemotherapy in dogs with AML is ineffective and patients have an unfavorable prognosis. The objective of this study was to describe a therapeutic protocol for the control of AML in dogs. An eight-year-old poodle bitch presented the history of apathy and weight loss. Further examinations were requested. These corresponded to hemogram, serum biochemistry (alanine Revista Brasileira de Higiene e Sanidade Animal Brazilian Journal of Hygiene and Animal Sanity ISSN: 1981-2965

Morfologia das glândulas salivares maiores em cutias (Dasyprocta leporina Linnaeus, 1766)

Studies on wild animal morphology serve as theoretical basis for the management and conservation of different species, because they provide necessary information for measures to keep these animals in captivity, in their natural habitat or even to reintroduce them into their original habitat. Studies about the morphology of the red-rumped agouti, Dasyprocta leporina, approach the various organic systems, but not a single study refers to topography and structure arrangement of their salivary glands. Thus, this paper aimed to gross and microscopic description of the larger salivary glands of red-rumped agouti. Ten adult D. leporina were used to study the macroscopic aspect of the glands, as well as the microscopic aspects with light microscopy, scanning and transmission electronic microscopy. Four larger salivary glands were identified: parotid glands, mandibular glands, zygomatic glands and sublingual glands. The tubuloacinar glands contained in their parenchyma ducts of extremely varied sizes. With exception of the strictly serous parotid glands, the others were mixed, and only the mandibular glands had granulous ducts. The red-rumped agouti with four pairs of larger salivary glands may be a model for studies concerning the anatomical changes in rodents for adaptation to various habitats.

Avaliação do perfil eritrocitário de jumentos nordestinos (Equus asinus) suplementados com hematínico a base de vitaminas, sais minerais e glicose

Este trabalho avaliou as alteracoes causadas pela administracao diaria de um hematinico a base de vitaminas do complexo B e K, cobre, cobalto, zinco, ferro e glicose no perfil eritrocitario de asininos da raca Nordestina. Para tanto, foram utilizados oito asininos, que durante 35 dias permaneceram estabulados recebendo alimentacao balanceada e agua a vontade, alem do suplemento em questao. Os parâmetros analisados foram hematocrito, numero de hemacias, concentracao de hemoglobina, volume corpuscular medio, concentracao de hemoglobina corpuscular media, como tambem a observacao das celulas vermelhas, atraves de esfregaco sanguineo. O hematocrito, hemacias, concentracao de hemoglobina, VCM e CHCM demonstraram aumento significativo apos a utilizacao do composto, porem nao foram observadas alteracoes nas analises dos esfregacos. O suplemento, ao termino do experimento, foi capaz de melhorar o perfil eritrocitario dos animais.