Andrea Cristina Konrath

Crown discoloration promoted by materials used in regenerative endodontic procedures and effect of dental bleaching: spectrophotometric analysis

Abstract Regenerative endodontic procedure (REP) has been proposed as a new approach to treat immature permanent teeth. However, materials used in REP for root canal disinfection or cervical sealing may induce tooth discoloration. Objectives To assess tooth crown’s color after intracanal treatment with triple antibiotic paste (TAP) or calcium hydroxide (CH); cervical sealing with glass ionomer cement (GIC) or mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA); and bleaching with carbamide peroxide. Material and Methods After pulp removal and color spectrophotometer measurement, 50 bovine incisors were divided into 4 experimental groups and one control (untreated). Experiments were performed in phases (Ph). Ph1: TAP (ciprofloxacin, metronidazole, minocycline), TAPM (ciprofloxacin, metronidazole, amoxicillin), DAP (ciprofloxacin, metronidazole), or CH treatment groups. After 1 and 3 days (d); 1, 2, 3 weeks (w); and 1, 2, 3 and 4 months (m), color was measured and medications were removed. Ph2: GIC or MTA cervical sealing, each using half of the specimens from each group. Color was assessed after 1d, 3d; 1w, 2w, 3w; 1m and 2m. Ph3: Two bleaching sessions, each followed by color measurement. Data were analyzed with ANOVA and post-hoc Holm-Sidak method. Results Ph1: Specimens of TAP group presented higher color alteration (ΔE) mean than those of TAPM group. No significant difference was found among TAP or TAPM and CH, DAP or Control groups. Ph2: cervical sealing materials showed no influence on color alteration. Ph3: Different ΔE means (from different groups), prior to bleaching, became equivalent after one bleaching session. Conclusions TAP induces higher color alteration than TAPM; color alteration increases over time; cervical sealing material has no influence on color alteration; and, dental bleaching was able to recover, at least partially, the tooth crown’s color.

Applications in teaching Statistical Quality Control with different R interfaces

Continual improvement in the quality of products, processes, and services has been facilitated by applying statistical methods. The statistical process control technique (SPC) provides enhanced results, as it utilizes statistical methods throughout all the developmental stages of a project and/or production. One of these techniques is control charts, which are powerful tools for viewing and understanding different types of process variations. Therefore, it is essential for professionals linked to engineering and technological fields to be familiar with these techniques and software programs, in order to facilitate the development process for creating control charts. The majority of these software programs designed for easy utilization and friendly interface for SPC applications are sold at high prices and thereby make access impossible to this computational resource for freelance professionals, small businesses, and especially students. The GNU R interface is open source and provides free access as one of the alternatives. So, for this purpose, this paper presents the description and application of control charts in three different R interfaces, as its objective is to use them for the teaching and learning process.

Investigation of musculoskeletal symptoms in a manufacturing company in Brazil: a cross-sectional study

Highlights • Upper limb MSD were prevalent among manual manufacturing workers.• Shoulder was the body region with the highest prevalence of symptoms.• Repetitive work and lack of rest breaks are influential risk factors for MSD.• Performing work pause was identified as a significant variable.• MSD had a significant negative impact on workers’ general health.

APLICAÇÃO DE GRÁFICOS DE CONTROLE EM REDES DE ABASTECIMENTO PREDIAL DE ÁGUA

Este trabalho teve como objetivo apresentar os resultados da analise da aplicacao de graficos de controle para o monitoramento do consumo de agua em uma universidade. As tendencias (aumento ou reducao) no consumo de agua, alem da deteccao de vazamentos sao algumas das alteracoes que este artigo visou verificar. Os graficos de controle foram aplicados a uma serie historica de dados referentes ao consumo de agua em valvulas de descarga de bacias sanitarias de uma instituicao de ensino superior. Hidrometros foram instalados de modo a medir o consumo de agua com acabamentos convencionais nas valvulas de descarga. Apos o periodo inicial de medicoes, os acabamentos foram substituidos por sistemas com duplo acionamento para verificacao da hipotese de economia de agua. Com a aplicacao de graficos de controle, duas situacoes foram verificadas: ocorrencia de vazamento e efetiva economia de agua quando da troca dos equipamentos convencionais por economizadores. Como resultado, os graficos de controle permitiram identificar tanto a sinalizacao do vazamento, como a reducao do consumo de agua quando da substituicao dos equipamentos. Palavras-chave: Rede de abastecimento predial; Monitoramento; Consumo de agua; Deteccao de vazamentos; Controle Estatistico de Processos. APPLICATION OF STATISTICAL PROCESS CONTROL CHARTS ON WATER SUPPLY NETWORKS IN BUILDINGS ABSTRACT The objective of this paper is to present some results of the application of control charts for monitoring variables related to water consumption. Tendencies (increase or decrease) in water consumption, besides leak detection, are some of the issues that this article intends to verify. The charts were applied to a time series of data on the water consumption of flush valves at a university. Water meters were installed to measure water consumption with ordinary and dual flush valves. Two situations were verified using control charts: the occurrence of leakage and effective water savings when replacing ordinary by water saving devices. As a result, control charts allowed us to identify the presence of leaks and the reduction of water consumption when water saving devices were installed. Keywords: Building supply network; Monitoring; Water consumption; Leak detection; Statistical Process Control.

O IMPACTO DO TRAUMATISMO DENTAL E DO COMPROMETIMENTO ESTÉTICO NA QUALIDADE DE VIDA DE PRÉ-ESCOLARES

ABSTRACT Objective: To evaluate the impact of dental trauma and impaired esthetics on the quality of life (QoL) of preschool children and their relatives. Methods: Study conducted with 192 children aged 2 to 5 years in 11 preschools in Florianópolis, Santa Catarina, South of Brazil. Parents/caregivers completed a questionnaire on quality of life (Brazilian version of the Early Childhood Oral Health Impact Scales - B-ECOHIS), a socioeconomic survey, and then answered specific questions related to dental trauma. The subjects were examined by three accordant examiners (Kappa>0.7). Dental trauma was evaluated on the basis of indexes adopted by the World Health Organization, and esthetic impairment was then classified. Data were descriptively analyzed and put to bivariate analysis by chi-square and Fisher tests, with significance level at 5%. Results: The prevalence of dental trauma was 62.5% with 15.6% of esthetic impairment. Almost 12% of parents reported impact on the quality of life of their children. Dental trauma was not significantly associated with gender, age or QoL. Crown color change by trauma was associated with esthetic impairment. Also esthetic impairment had a negative impact on QoL (p<0.05) and was associated with oral limitations (p<0.05). Conclusions: Esthetic impairment had a negative impact on children’s quality of life, while dental trauma was not associated to it.

ATIVIDADE MOTIVACIONAL, ENVOLVENDO ASPECTOS INTRÍNSECOS E EXTRÍNSECOS, E DESEMPENHO ESCOLAR EM CURSOS DE ENGENHARIA

O insucesso escolar e consequente evasao podem estar relacionados a falta de motivacao dos estudantes de graduacao. Atividades que motivem os academicos tem, portanto, permeado as discussoes dos profissionais e pesquisadores da Educacao, com objetivo de melhorar o processo de ensino-aprendizagem. Sob esta otica, este artigo se propoe investigar o efeito de um estimulo motivacional, envolvendo aspectos intrinsecos e extrinsecos, utilizado em uma disciplina de Probabilidade e Estatistica oferecida a um curso de graduacao em Engenharia Civil. O estimulo motivacional proposto consistiu da realizacao de uma atividade optativa sobre qualquer tema de interesse, preferencialmente relacionado Engenharia Civil. A unica restricao imposta foi que houvessem dados a serem tratados estatisticamente com alguma das tecnicas estudadas na disciplina. As notas obtidas na disciplina foram analisadas na forma de um projeto fatorial com dois fatores: atividade optativa e bimestre, ensaiados em dois e quatro niveis, respectivamente. Os resultados apontam evidencias de que a variavel bimestre tem efeito sobre a nota obtida pelo estudante. Esse estimulo motivacional pode ser considerado como um fator responsavel pela real melhoria no processo de ensino-aprendizagem, propiciando o aperfeicoamento dos conhecimentos em relacao a tecnica estatistica utilizada, bem como em relacao ao contexto de aplicacao.