Andréia Rodrigues Moura da Costa Valle

Representações sociais da biossegurança por profissionais de enfermagem de um serviço de emergência

ResumenO estudo objetivou apreender as Representacoes Sociais da Biosseguranca elaboradas por profissionais de Enfermagem e analisar como essas representacoes influenciam na pratica e na qualidade da assistencia. Trata-se de uma pesquisa exploratoria, com base na Teoria das Representacoes Sociais, realizada no servico de emergencia de um hospital publico, com 60 profissionais de enfermagem. Os dados foram coletados atraves da tecnica de Associacao Livre de Palavras, utilizando as palavrasestimulos: biosseguranca e infeccao hospitalar, processadas no software Tri Deux Mots, e fazendo Analise Fatorial de Correspondencia. Os resultados mostraram que a biosseguranca foi objetivada atraves das evocacoes descartex, anti-sepsia e imunizacao, enquanto a infeccao hospitalar foi objetivada atraves das evocacoes doenca e sujeira. Considera-se, finalmente, que a biosseguranca ainda nao foi incorporada como um conjunto de medidas necessarias ao controle da infeccao hospitalar, especialmente do ponto de vista social e psicologico, predominando os aspectos epidemiologicos, biologicos e economicos.

Colonização nasal por Staphylococcus aureus entre estudantes de Enfermagem: subsídios para monitorização

Objective: to monitor bacterial strains of Staphylococcus aureus that are resistant or not to oxacillin in nursing undergraduate students, with an emphasis on the process of colonization. Method: cross-sectional prevalence study carried out with 138 nursing students. The biological samples of the nasal cavity were collected in June 2015, by means of sterile swabs, which were subsequently submitted to confirmatory tests of catalase and coagulase. Isolated Staphylococcus aureus had their sensitivity profile determined by means of the Kirby Bauer method. Descriptive, univariate and bivariate analyses were performed. Results: the prevalence of Staphylococcus aureus was 21.7. Regarding the resistance profile, 24.1% of strains were resistant to oxacillin, with ampicillin being the antimicrobial with the greatest resistance (82.8%). Conclusion: the nasal cavity is an important bacterial flora of S. aureus in nursing students. The profile of isolated strains highlights the increase of Staphylococcus aureus resistance to antimicrobials such as oxacillin.Objective: to monitor bacterial strains of Staphylococcus aureus that are resistant or not to oxacillin in nursing undergraduate students, with an emphasis on the process of colonization. Method: cross-sectional prevalence study carried out with 138 nursing students. The biological samples of the nasal cavity were collected in June 2015, by means of sterile swabs, which were subsequently submitted to confirmatory tests of catalase and coagulase. Isolated Staphylococcus aureus had their sensitivity profile determined by means of the Kirby Bauer method. Descriptive, univariate and bivariate analyses were performed. Results: the prevalence of Staphylococcus aureus was 21.7. Regarding the resistance profile, 24.1% of strains were resistant to oxacillin, with ampicillin being the antimicrobial with the greatest resistance (82.8%). Conclusion: the nasal cavity is an important bacterial flora of S. aureus in nursing students. The profile of isolated strains highlights the increase of Staphylococcus aureus resistance to antimicrobials such as oxacillin.

Habilidades e atitudes do enfermeiro na atenção domiciliar: bases para a prevenção dos riscos de infecção

This study aimed to investigate experts’ opinions of the skills and attitudes necessary for nurses to work in the prevention and control of infections in Home Care. This quasi-experimental study used the Delphi technique and was conducted at Basic Health Units in Teresina, Piauí, Brazil and Universities from four regions of Brazil. Study participants were 19 nurses who worked in the Family Health Strategy and 15 researchers, recruited using the snowball method. Data analysis was performed using ALCESTE software (Alceste 4.8) and quartiles were used for descriptive analysis. Experts’ consensus evaluation of required skills and attitudes was organized in the form of a list of competencies. The work of home care nurses is characterized by originality, especially as a result of the lack of an infection control program. This study identified a series of aspects related to the skills and attitudes required of nurses in the organization and development of the labor process. These were based on individual and collective consciousness and professional commitment and were supported by scientific and technical principles, ethical responsibility, and values.

Distribuição e custo de antimicrobianos na Atenção Primária

Universidade Federal do Piauí, Teresina, PI, Brazil. Escola de Enfermagem de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil. Instituto de Medicina e Higiene Tropical, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal. Confl icts of interest: there are no confl icts of interest to declare. Abstract Objective: To analyze antimicrobial distribution and costs in primary care of a capital city in the Northeast region of Brazil. Methods: Cross-sectional, analytical study, developed in the city of Teresina, in the state of Piauí, Brazil. Data cover the period from June 2015 to July 2016. Descriptive statistics and the Kruskal-Wallis test were calculated to compare the medians of the independent data distributions. Results: A total of 1,651,516 antimicrobials were distributed in 15 different types, with amoxicillin (500mg) being the most distributed (75%) in psychosocial care centers, and in the basic health units (47%). The total cost for the period was 98,705.00 BRL. There were no statistically signifi cant differences among the costs medians in each zone of the studied municipality. Conclusion: These drugs are irregularly distributed among the units, according to the demand. The supply does not follow a specifi c protocol, and a possible increase or reduction in demand is not investigated.

Social Representations of Community Infection by Nurses of the Family Health Strategy

Background: Community infection that is detected or incubating on admission act, since not related to a previous admission in the same hospital. These infections constitute a public health problem by the risk that people are exposed in the community. The evaluation of the risk of infection is a complex process involving clinical, psychosocial, and environmental data. Aim: Apprehend the social representations of community infection by nurses of the Family Health Strategy. Methods: Exploratory qualitative study, conducted from February to March of 2016 in 18 basic health units of the Family Health Strategy (FHS), the Northern Regional Directorate, the city of Teresina, Piaui, Brazil, with 23 nurses. Data were collected through semi-structured interview, processed by software IRAMUTEQ and analyzed by descending hierarchical classification. Results: The results were presented in two axes: Axis 1-The nurse in the prevention of infection in the Community Health Strategy, with the classes: Class 3-Measures to prevent infection Community; Class 4-Health education for the prevention of community infection; Class 5-Nurse Interventions for preventing infection Community; Axis 2 - Extrinsic factors and social determinants related to community infection, with the classes: Class 2-The concept of community infection; Class 1-Types of community-acquired infections; Class 6-Risk factors for community-acquired infection. Conclusion: The knowledge developed and shared by the nurses of the Family Health Strategy on Community infection, rooted in the course of their professional practice, shows that the concept of community infection was not well built by professionals, referring only to unrelated infections to hospital.

Social representations of biosecurity by nursing professionals at an emergency service

ResumenO estudo objetivou apreender as Representacoes Sociais da Biosseguranca elaboradas por profissionais de Enfermagem e analisar como essas representacoes influenciam na pratica e na qualidade da assistencia. Trata-se de uma pesquisa exploratoria, com base na Teoria das Representacoes Sociais, realizada no servico de emergencia de um hospital publico, com 60 profissionais de enfermagem. Os dados foram coletados atraves da tecnica de Associacao Livre de Palavras, utilizando as palavrasestimulos: biosseguranca e infeccao hospitalar, processadas no software Tri Deux Mots, e fazendo Analise Fatorial de Correspondencia. Os resultados mostraram que a biosseguranca foi objetivada atraves das evocacoes descartex, anti-sepsia e imunizacao, enquanto a infeccao hospitalar foi objetivada atraves das evocacoes doenca e sujeira. Considera-se, finalmente, que a biosseguranca ainda nao foi incorporada como um conjunto de medidas necessarias ao controle da infeccao hospitalar, especialmente do ponto de vista social e psicologico, predominando os aspectos epidemiologicos, biologicos e economicos.

Representaciones sociales de la bioseguridad por profesionales de enfermería de un servicio de emergencia

ResumenO estudo objetivou apreender as Representacoes Sociais da Biosseguranca elaboradas por profissionais de Enfermagem e analisar como essas representacoes influenciam na pratica e na qualidade da assistencia. Trata-se de uma pesquisa exploratoria, com base na Teoria das Representacoes Sociais, realizada no servico de emergencia de um hospital publico, com 60 profissionais de enfermagem. Os dados foram coletados atraves da tecnica de Associacao Livre de Palavras, utilizando as palavrasestimulos: biosseguranca e infeccao hospitalar, processadas no software Tri Deux Mots, e fazendo Analise Fatorial de Correspondencia. Os resultados mostraram que a biosseguranca foi objetivada atraves das evocacoes descartex, anti-sepsia e imunizacao, enquanto a infeccao hospitalar foi objetivada atraves das evocacoes doenca e sujeira. Considera-se, finalmente, que a biosseguranca ainda nao foi incorporada como um conjunto de medidas necessarias ao controle da infeccao hospitalar, especialmente do ponto de vista social e psicologico, predominando os aspectos epidemiologicos, biologicos e economicos.