Annette Baker Fox

Relocating Middle Powers: Australia and Canada in a Changing World Order

Preface and Acknowledgments Abbreviations Introduction 1. Leadership, Followership, and Middle Powers in International Politics: A Reappraisal 2. Changing with the International Agenda: State Reorganization and Middle Power Diplomacy 3. The Multilateral Economic Agenda: The Cairns Group and the Uruguay Round 4. The Regional Economic Agenda: Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation and North American Free Trade 5. The Security Agenda: Coalition-building and the Gulf Conflict 6. Addressing the Widening Global Agenda: Australian and Canadian Perspectives Conclusion Notes References Index

Review: Defence by other Means Diplomacy for the Underdog, Small Nation Survival Political Defense in Unequal ConflictsDefence by Other Means Diplomacy for the UnderdogAndrewAndrewToronto: Canadian Institute of International Affairs, 1970, xii, 126pp,

is that the historians perspective highlights what is novel as well as what is recurrent. Illustrations abound. Nuclear arms intelligence is particularly unreliable; limited wars, by which I presume Michael Howard means asymmetrical wars which are limited for the great power but unlimited for the lesser power, are hard to end, particularly in the absence of a well-developed theory of limited war; a widespread belief that certain kinds of war are under no circumstances worth what they cost may be as dangerous as it is self-disconfirming; and so forth. In Studies in War and Peace, the author of The Franco-Prussian War has produced a book which is no less valuable because it reflects on and synthesizes previous research rather than announces the results of new research.

2.00Small Nation Survival Political Defense in Unequal ConflictsSveicsSveicsNew York: Exposition Press, 1970, 271pp,

The earliest justification for such units was that the new function had to be kept &dquo;free&dquo; of politics and politicians ; so separately incorporated school districts were created. Similarly, the transfer of the earlier private corporation or association libraries to public auspices was achieved with the understanding that they remain &dquo;out of politics&dquo; and therefore independent. Where, as with Philadelphia and Pittsburgh, the boards are partly or wholly self-perpetuating, the special unit may be freed not only from politics but from any form of public control.’ True or false, belief in the efficacy of independence persists and was used among other arguments to justify the independence of the housing authority. Proponents of any new governmental function, both lay and expert, tend to favor independence because it frees them from making administrative or political concessions necessary in an integrated administration. Legal independence is not, however, certain to prevent political pressure. With regard to education, Henry and Kerwin found indications that application of such pressure was just as frequent in the case of independent schools as in others.’ 2 In fact, an intensive study of the Chicago school system’s relations with the municipal government showed that in the absence of legal integration, &dquo;the stage is set and will continue to be set for integration under other auspices-those of machine politicians and the financial overlords.&dquo; 3 State political bosses have sometimes