Anwen Caffell
Durham University
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Publication
Featured researches published by Anwen Caffell.
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America | 2012
Abigail Bouwman; Sandra L. Kennedy; Romy Müller; Richard H. Stephens; Malin Holst; Anwen Caffell; Charlotte Roberts; Terence A. Brown
The use of ancient DNA in paleopathological studies of tuberculosis has largely been restricted to confirmation of disease identifications made by skeletal analysis; few attempts at obtaining genotype data from archaeological samples have been made because of the need to perform different PCRs for each genetic locus being studied in an ancient DNA extract. We used a next generation sequencing approach involving hybridization capture directed at specific polymorphic regions of the Mycobacterium tuberculosis genome to identify a detailed genotype for a historic strain of M. tuberculosis from an individual buried in the 19th century St. George’s Crypt, Leeds, West Yorkshire, England. We obtained 664,500 sequencing by oligonucleotide ligation and detection (SOLiD) reads that mapped to the targeted regions of the M. tuberculosis genome; the coverage included 218 of 247 SNPs, 10 of 11 insertion/deletion regions, and the repeat elements IS1081 and IS6110. The accuracy of the SOLiD data was checked by conventional PCRs directed at 11 SNPs and two insertion/deletions. The data placed the historic strain of M. tuberculosis in a group that is uncommon today, but it is known to have been present in North America in the early 20th century. Our results show the use of hybridization capture followed by next generation sequencing as a means of obtaining detailed genotypes of ancient varieties of M. tuberculosis, potentially enabling meaningful comparisons between strains from different geographic locations and different periods in the past.
Nature Communications | 2016
Rui Martiniano; Anwen Caffell; Malin Holst; Kurt Hunter-Mann; Janet Montgomery; Gundula Müldner; Russell McLaughlin; Matthew D. Teasdale; Wouter van Rheenen; Jan H. Veldink; Leonard H. van den Berg; Orla Hardiman; Maureen Carroll; Steve Roskams; John Oxley; Colleen Morgan; Mark G. Thomas; Ian Barnes; Christine McDonnell; Matthew J. Collins; Daniel G. Bradley
The purported migrations that have formed the peoples of Britain have been the focus of generations of scholarly controversy. However, this has not benefited from direct analyses of ancient genomes. Here we report nine ancient genomes (∼1 ×) of individuals from northern Britain: seven from a Roman era York cemetery, bookended by earlier Iron-Age and later Anglo-Saxon burials. Six of the Roman genomes show affinity with modern British Celtic populations, particularly Welsh, but significantly diverge from populations from Yorkshire and other eastern English samples. They also show similarity with the earlier Iron-Age genome, suggesting population continuity, but differ from the later Anglo-Saxon genome. This pattern concords with profound impact of migrations in the Anglo-Saxon period. Strikingly, one Roman skeleton shows a clear signal of exogenous origin, with affinities pointing towards the Middle East, confirming the cosmopolitan character of the Empire, even at its northernmost fringes.
Yorkshire Archaeological Journal: A Review of History and Archaeology in the County | 2015
M. J. Randerson; J. E. Watson; D. J. Graham; Anwen Caffell; Chris Cumberpatch; Louisa Gidney; Alejandra Gutiérrez; Jennifer Jones; John P Nolan
Abstract The remains of part of a Carmelite Priory were investigated at Priory Close, Northallerton, North Yorkshire, in advance of a residential development. Two buildings belonging to the Priory were uncovered. A structure interpreted as the east side of the cloister was exposed, surrounded by elements of the south and east ranges. Eight well-preserved burials were excavated from the area of the cloister. The buildings of the east range may have included the chapter house, and the church potentially south of the cloister. To the north, a separate building was exposed. This may have been a chantry or a suite of private rooms, and is believed to be otherwise unparalleled in European Carmelite Priories. Due to the limited nature of excavation on the site, only a small range of artifacts and environmental remains was recovered. The investigations represent the first detailed study of the Northallerton Carmelite Priory, and provide the only physical information regarding the House.
International Journal of Osteoarchaeology | 2013
Charlotte Henderson; Davina D. Craps; Anwen Caffell; Andrew R. Millard; Rebecca Gowland
Williams, E. (Eds.). (2001). Human remains conservation, retrieval and analysis : Proceedings of a conference held in Williamsburg, VA, Nov 7-11th 1999. Oxford: Archaeopress, pp. 187-197 | 2001
Anwen Caffell; A.C. Roberts; Robert C. Janaway; Andrew S. Wilson
Journal of Archaeological Science: Reports | 2015
Jenna M. Dittmar; David Errickson; Anwen Caffell
International Journal of Paleopathology | 2016
Charlotte Roberts; Anwen Caffell; Kori Lea Filipek-Ogden; Rebecca Gowland; Tina Jakob
Williams, E. (Eds.). (2001). Human remains conservation, retrieval and analysis : Proceedings of a conference held in Williamsburg, VA, Nov 7-11th 1999. Oxford: Archaeopress, pp. 199-208 | 2001
Robert C. Janaway; Andrew S. Wilson; Anwen Caffell; Charlotte Roberts
Journal of Archaeological Science: Reports | 2018
Lauren Kancle; Janet Montgomery; Darren R. Gröcke; Anwen Caffell
Bioarchaeology international, 2018, Vol.2(1), pp.44-62 [Peer Reviewed Journal] | 2018
Rebecca Gowland; Anwen Caffell; Sophie Newman; Alysa Levene; Malin Holst