Aparecida Rodrigues Nery

Growth of Jatropha irrigated with saline water in greenhouse.

Considerando as potencialidades de uso do pinhao manso (Jatropha curcas L.) como fonte energetica e a carencia de resultados de pesquisa relativos ao seu cultivo, realizou-se este trabalho com o fim primordial de se estudar os efeitos da salinidade da agua de irrigacao sobre o crescimento das plantas, em ambiente protegido. A pesquisa foi desenvolvida entre abril e outubro de 2007, no Centro de Tecnologia e Recursos Naturais (CTRN) da UFCG-PB. As plantas foram cultivadas em lisimetros de drenagem (200 L), contendo 230 kg de material de solo devidamente adubado, nao-salino, nao-sodico, classificado como Argissolo Acinzentado eutrofico. Os tratamentos consistiram de cinco niveis de condutividade eletrica da agua de irrigacao - CEa (0,6; 1,2; 1,8; 2,4 e 3,0 dS m-1, a 25 oC), no delineamento experimental em blocos casualizados, com quatro repeticoes, sendo cada parcela constituida pela media de duas plantas cultivadas em lisimetros separados. Avaliaram-se altura de planta, diâmetro caulinar, numero de folhas e area foliar aos 37, 58, 79, 100, 121, 142 e 163 dias apos a semeadura; ao final do periodo de estudos, o pinhao-manso irrigado com agua de CEa de 3,0 dS m-1 teve a altura de planta, o diâmetro caulinar, o numero de folhas e a area foliar reduzidos em 9,07, 17,63, 23,41 e 42,58%, respectivamente.

Growth and production of seeds of castor bean crop irrigated with domestic wastewater

Objetivou-se avaliar os efeitos da irrigacao com agua de esgoto domestico sobre o crescimento e a producao de bagas da mamoneira (Ricinus communis L), em ambiente protegido. A pesquisa foi desenvolvida entre novembro/2005 e maio/2006, no Centro de Tecnologia e Recursos Naturais (CTRN) da UFCG-PB. Foram estudados 5 niveis de reposicao da evapotranspiracao da cultura - ETc, (0,60, 0,75, 0,90, 1,05 e 1,20) em duas cultivares de mamoneira (BRS Nordestina e BRS Paraguacu), constituindo um fatorial 5 x 2, com tres repeticoes, no delineamento estatistico de blocos ao acaso. Avaliaram-se altura de planta, diâmetro caulinar, numero de folhas e area foliar aos 48, 90, 132 e 174 dias apos a semeadura (DAS). A producao de sementes foi avaliada na ultima data. A mamoneira irrigada com 0,60 ETc, em relacao a 1,05 da ETc, aos 174 DAS, teve a altura de planta, o diâmetro caulinar, o numero de folhas, a area foliar e producao de sementes reduzidos em 23,45, 16,14, 26,23, 44,06 e 50,59%, respectivamente. O crescimento em altura da cultivar BRS Paraguacu foi significativamente maior, ao longo do ensaio, enquanto a BRS Nordestina se destacou em area foliar, no inicio do ciclo. A producao de bagas foi semelhante nas duas cultivares Nao houve interacao significativa entre os fatores estudados.

Crescimento e produção do pinhão-manso irrigado com água residuária sob condições de estresse hídrico

The physic nut is a Brazilian native crop of the Euforbiaceae family. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of different levels of the evapotranspiration replacement on the growth and production variables of the crop irrigated with domestic sewage. The experiment was carried out in drainage lysimeters under controlled environment. A statistical scheme in randomized block was utilized with four repetitions and five water replacement levels (Nr1 = 0.25; Nr2 = 0.50; Nr3 = 0.75, Nr4 =1.00 and Nr5 = 1.25 of evapotranspiration). Plant height, stem diameter, number of leaves, leaf area and the number of fruit bunches were observed. The soil used as substrate was an Argisol, sandy loam non saline. The irrigation was realized at two days interval and the quantity of water applied in each treatment was determined from water balance in function of Nr4 level. At the end of the study it was verified that the water stress caused significant effect in all studied variables, which indicates the sensibility of the crop to the low water content in the soil.

Production in second cycle of physic nut irrigated with saline water in greenhouse

The objective of this work was to evaluate the effects of the irrigation with saline water on production of physic nut (Jatropha curcas L.) after pruning (396 days after sowing). Between May 2008 and January 2009, the experiment was carried out in a greenhouse. The plants were grown in drainage lysimeters (200L) containing 230 kg of non-saline and non-sodic soil properly fertilized, classified as Gray Argisoil Eutrophic. Treatments consisted of five levels of electrical conductivity of the irrigation water - ECw (0.6; 1.2; 1.8; 2.4 and 3.0 dS m-1, at 25 oC). All the plants were pruned at 80 cm height. At 240 days after pruning the variables: number of bunches, weight of main of scab, seeds and fruits, weights of seed and fruit, number of fruits and oil content were evaluated. Plants irrigated with water of 3.0 dS m-1were significantly affected with the following reductions: 93% in number of bunches, 97% in the variables weight of scab, of seeds and fruits, and number of fruits; 67% in fruit weight, and 49% in seed weight. Oil content of plants irrigated with water of 3.00 dS m-1 had reduction of 30.56%.

Controle de Colletotrichum gloeosporioides em mamoeiro, utilizando extratos vegetais, indutores de resistência e fungicida - DOI: 10.4025/actasciagron.v30i3.3500

This present work had as objective to evaluate the control of papaya diseases using natural extracts ( Allium sativum L., Anadenanthera peregrina L. Speng, and Ocimum basilicum L.), natural oils ( Gossypium hirsutum L. and Bixa orellana L.), resistance inducers (Bion ® , Ecolife ® and Agro-mos ® ), and a chemical fungicide (Mancozeb/Dithane). Experiment I was conducted to evaluate the inhibitory potential of the treatments on Colletotrichum gloeosporioides mycelial growth in vitro ; in Experiment II, artificial inoculation of fungus was performed on healthy papaya fruits, and the severity of stem-end rot was evaluated using a disease index; and in Experiment III, treatments were applied on papaya seedlings artificially inoculated with C. gloeosporioides , and anthracnose was evaluated by means of a disease index. Obtained results showed that extracts of Anadenanthera and Allium were responsible for lower mycelial growth in vitro , and Bion ® was efficient for papaya stem-end rot. In papaya seedlings, the effects of garlic, angico and Bion® differed significantly from the rest, with Bion ® showing the best results for anthracnose control. Papaya seeds were not affected by C. gloeosporioides . Thus, alternative control to stem-end rot and anthracnose on papaya with natural products and resistance inducers should be an option viable for agrochemicals substitution