Arilda Schmidt Godoy

A encruzilhada da aprendizagem organizacional: uma visão multiparadigmática

The literature on Organizational Learning [OL] has been moving forward not only in the volume of publications but also by pointing to other dimensions of the theme. The debate involves several theoretical fields psychological, sociological, cultural, historical and methodological - in addition to management itself. A question emerges: which issues and basic characteristics make OL different and separated from the other related concepts? In order to answer this question a number of theoretical perspectives of OL are presented and discussed, along with some inquiries and reflections related to these theories, as well as definitions and studies developed in this field. Using the multiparadigmatic approach, the literature on OL was organized and grouped into five fields. This analysis pointed to four questions (related to the level of learning, learning results, changes and learning processes) that the concept of OL has to overcome to become significant. It is suggested that a possible way to overcome these challenges is to adopt a perspective based on practices.

A etnometodologia enquanto caminho teórico-metodológico para investigação da aprendizagem nas organizações

Thinking of organizations as symbolic fields where people live in constant interaction mediated by language, thus constructing meaning and sense for their daily activities, makes them a space for learning and knowledge generation that involves negotiation and continuous exchange. The demands on organizations for innovation and change because of the competitive environment in which they live suggest new ways of thinking about what learning and knowledge are. This goes beyond what is available through formal ways of learning, to include the tacit knowledge and collective learning results of everyday social interactions. From this perspective, this paper aims to present and analyze the possibility of investigation into organizational learning from the concept of practice and in the light of ethnomethodology by examining how they articulate these ideas and to what extent they bring new ways of seeing and understanding this phenomenon. Under the lens of garfinkelian ethnomethodology, the article brings a different view to understanding organizational learning based on the concept of practice (Gherardi, 2006). The main reflections of this essay point out that organizational learning under the assumptions of ethnomethodology implies the need to think about this phenomenon through the daily practices of organizations and also discusses the demand for better systematization of ethnomethodology as a possibility for empirical research in management studies.

Examinando a relação entre aprendizagem individual, grupal e organizacional em uma instituição financeira

The phenomenon of learning can be studied at different levels - individual, group, organizational and inter-organizational - which are interconnected and involve a complex set of variables. This work aims to verify and analyze empirically the relationship between individual learning, group and organizational. The theoretical framework presents and analyzes how different authors studied the possible relationship between these levels, relying, in particular, in authors aligned with the technical perspective and proposed measurement instruments focused on some aspects of the phenomenon. The survey involved a sample of 105 employees of a financial institution. The instrument developed by Chan (2003) was used in the operationalization of the constructs, and for the data analysis, the principal component analysis was used followed by structural equation modeling. In addition to the validation of the measurement of individual learning in groups and organizational, another contribution of this study was the operationalization of the three constructs as second order latent variables, which made the structural model more parsimonious. The results showed that both individual and group learning influenced the organizational learning in the sample, with confirmation of the three hypotheses tested. At the end of the work are discussed their limitations and pointed out some directions for further research.

Redes sociais, valores e competências: simulação de conexões

This article intends to develop an algorithm that represents the dynamics of the interactions that lead to the establishment of ties between individuals within a group. Through a procedure involving a computer simulation, a mathematical criterion for the scoring of opinions related to an individual is defined, in order to identify how different characteristics, in special the consensus on the skills of an individual and the weight attributed to personal values, influence the structure of social networks. Results show that, when consensus on skills is high, the network has more density, leading to more complex relationships within the organization, and eventually implying synergies and even inertia. Conversely, when the consensus is low, conflicts in small groups might be communication barriers among individuals.

Perspectivas do uso de diários nas pesquisas em organizações

Although the use of diaries as a research method has been a useful instrument in some social sciences, it has rarely been used in Management Sciences. The objective of this theoretical paper is not only to understand and analyze in depth the diary as a research method, but also to highlight the perspectives of using diaries in organizational research. Diaries take many different forms: in surveys, experiments, in qualitative and ethnographic research, and can be solicited or spontaneous. One of the advantages of this method is the possibility of investigating affective, cognitive and social process in detail and over time. One of the drawbacks is to find diarists and to maintain their motivation over a long period of time. The themes in the field of Management which can be studied using diaries are associated with human resource management, workplace relations, organizational behavior, organizational management and marketing, within a multidisciplinary approach.

De catadores de rua a recicladores cooperados: um estudo de caso sobre empreendimentos solidários

The article intends to analyze and reflect on solidarity enterprises aspects and their social and economic potentials. For its carrying out, it was chosen to interpret the typical solidary enterprise organizing process, regarding its particular characteristics going beyond the economic issue and acquiring important social and political dimensions. A qualitative approach of the phenomenon was used in this research, developed through interpretive nature case study with three data collection strategies adopted: non-participant observations, interviews and document examinations. The case study is on a recycling cooperative formed by waste pickers. The data analysis considered two specific points in the case study: its formation and organizational dynamic. The findings report the case presents insights and interesting gates to reflect on solidary enterprises like organization arrangements, not only including marginalized workers in formality but also influencing social and political aspects of their lives positively, becoming viable public policies mechanisms to local development characterized by inequality reduction and citizenship rescue.

Qualidade do relato dos procedimentos metodológicos em periódicos nacionais na área de administração de empresas: o caso da modelagem em equações estruturais nos periódicos nacionais entre 2001 e 2010

Esta pesquisa teve o objetivo de avaliar a qualidade da descricao dos procedimentos metodologicos de artigos que utilizaram a modelagem em equacoes estruturais (MEE), incluindo a analise fatorial confirmatoria e a path analysis, e que foram publicados na RAE, RAUSP, REAd, O&S, RAC e RAE-eletronica entre 2001 e 2010. A partir da revisao da literatura metodologica, foi elaborado um check list para avaliar as treze etapas da MEE, sendo validado com 33 especialistas. Os principais resultados da analise de 68 artigos encontrados foram: a impossibilidade de replicar os estudos devido a falta de informacoes e o uso de estrategias exploratorias sem a posterior validacao. Por outro lado, a justificativa do metodo utilizado e a explicacao das implicacoes teoricas dos resultados sao aspectos que tem sido atendidos plenamente. O check list foi um importante subproduto desta pesquisa, pois, a partir dele, sao propostas novas linhas de investigacao e ate mesmo seu uso como ferramenta didatica.

O PROCESSO DE ANÁLISE DO AMBIENTE E SUA RELAÇÃO COM A APRENDIZAGEM ORGANIZACIONAL: UM ESTUDO DE CASO

This study considered the question: “Which are the contributions of environment analysis to organizational learning?” It principiates by means of a literature review that discusses the key concepts and applications related to ways in which learning occurs in organizations. Subsequently, a brief frame concerning to business strategy contextualizes the theoretical and conceptual studies that permeates the discussion of this matter presently. Empirically, a qualitative research was conducted by means of a single case study approach conducted at Petrobras, using interviews . After presenting the history of company and its strategic planning process, the study discusses how managers see their learning when analysing environment. The research reveals that managers see environment analysis as a way to provide learning. They also believe that outcoming learning contributes to company´s performance by improving its management ability. The study provided a first look at the nature and composition of both phenomena - Learning and Strategy - in the context of an organization.

Competências gerenciais desenvolvidas por profissionais de diferentes formações

This study is guided by the following research question: which competences are developed and used by managers from different professions? In order to answer this question, a basic qualitative research was developed to identify, describe and analyze comparatively the managerial competences developed and used by managers from different professions - engineers, psychologists and administrators - of a company in the environmental sanitation sector. Data was collected through semi-structured interviews with fifteen managers. The results show that the process of mobilization and articulation of managerial competences is linked to the enrichment of experiences. The data shows that when managers move to a career in management, there is a change in how they see the work, especially because of the increasing responsibility assumed. Results were achieved, not only because of their effort, but through the action of others which became the biggest challenge. Management competences were acquired through both formal and informal learning. Some peculiarities were found in competences learned by managers as a function of their professional background and their day to day activities.

A produção sobre aprendizagem informal nas organizações no Brasil: mapeando o terreno e rastreando possibilidades futuras

A aprendizagem informal e entendida como aquela baseada na experiencia intencional, mas nao formalmente estruturada; induzida por um processo de reflexao critica, acao, pro-atividade e criatividade; incrustada no contexto organizacional e nas praticas cotidianas. Pode ser planejada ou nao, embora envolva algum grau de consciencia de quem aprende. Sua relevância para o ambiente de trabalho tem sido atestada por varios autores. Este trabalho tem como objetivo identificar, descrever e analisar a producao a respeito dessa tematica no Brasil, no periodo de 2006 a 2012. O conjunto de 21 artigos selecionados para fazer parte dessa revisao reune estudos teoricos e empiricos publicados em periodicos nacionais da area de Administracao e avaliados com conceito B2 ou superior pelo WebQualis da CAPES. O estudo envolveu duas etapas. Numa primeira etapa definiram-se as fontes de dados e amostra a ser trabalhada. Uma segunda etapa consistiu na analise dos artigos a partir das seguintes dimensoes: foco dos estudos (origem, tema e objetivos), nivel de aprendizagem, autores referenciados, perspectivas teoricas, posicionamentos epistemologicos, tipos de pesquisa, dados de contexto da producao e principais achados. Os resultados mostram uma producao dispersa que ainda precisa ser aprimorada em relacao aos arcaboucos teoricos tomados como referencia para o aprofundamento do tema.