Ashok Sangwaiya

Small Lymphocytic Lymphoma of the Thyroid Mimicking Plasmacytoma

Primary thyroid gland lymphomas (PTLs) typically occur in middle- to older-aged individuals in the setting of lymphocytic thyroiditis with a predilection for females. Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma is the most frequent histologic subtype of thyroid lymphomas. Small lymphocytic lymphoma (SLL) belongs to the least common subtypes of thyroid lymphoma. It is often associated with the involvement of lymph nodes, bone marrow, spleen, liver and, extremely rarely, other organs. PTLs with plasmacytic differentiation or extensive infiltration by plasma cells have been observed in marginal zone B-cell lymphomas in the thyroid but have never been described in a setting of SLL. Here, we present a case of primary SLL of the thyroid mimicking extramedullary plasmacytoma on fine-needle aspiration cytology.

Sialoblastoma of parotid gland: A rare case report and review of literature

Sialoblastoma is a rare congenital tumor of salivary gland. Herein, we report a case in a 5-year-old child who presented with a painless swelling in parotid region since birth and also review the literature. Surgical excision of parotid gland was done. Further, histopathological and immunohistochemical examination was performed and a final diagnosis of sialoblastoma was made. Patient is on follow-up 6 monthly.

Primary Hydatid Cyst of Spleen: A Rare Entity

Hydatid disease, a zoonosis, occurs worldwide but its prevalence is high in those countries where sheep and cattle raising constitute an important industry due to close association between man, sheep and dog. Most common sites of involvement by hydatid disease are liver followed by lung. Splenic involvement by hydatid disease is very rare accounting for only 0.9% to 8.0% of all cases. Other rare sites include heart, pancreas and muscles. We report a case of histopathologically confirmed primary hydatid cyst spleen in an 18 year old male, which is a rare entity. Hydatid disease should be considered in the differential diagnosis of cystic lesions of spleen.

Malignant fibrous histiocytoma arising from renal capsule: An extremely rare entity

Malignant fibrous histiocytoma (MFH) usually presents in the extremities or retroperitoneum. MFH arising from renal parenchyma or renal capsule is extremely rare, only few cases have been reported in literature and portend a poor prognosis. Renal MFH is differentiated from renal cell carcinoma, renal sarcoma, and sarcomatoid renal tumor only by histological and immunohistochemical studies. Since the therapeutic options for MFH are different, its early diagnosis is imperative. Herein, we report a case of a primary renal MFH in a 35-year-old male.

Multiple familial trichoepithelioma with an adjacent basal cell carcinoma, transformation or collision - A case report and review of literature

Trichoepithelioma is a benign tumor of follicular origin that presents as small, skin-colored papules predominantly on the face. When more than one family member is affected, the disease is known as multiple familial trichoepithelioma (MFT). It is a rare autosomal dominant skin disease. Malignant transformation is very rare. We describe here a case that developed malignant neoplasm in a setting of multiple trichoepithelioma.

Malignant Brenner tumor of ovary: A rare entity

Worldwide, ovarian carcinoma continues to be responsible for more deaths than all other gynecologic malignancies. It usually occurs in older women and the average age at presentation is 50 years. Brenner tumor of the ovary is very rare, mostly benign, small, and unilateral. Malignant Brenner tumor is much rarer. These tumors are believed to arise from urothelial metaplasia of ovarian surface epithelium. Malignant Brenner tumor of ovary closely resembles the transitional cell carcinoma of ovary. They must be differentiated because the latter has a worse prognosis. A case of unilateral malignant Brenner tumor in a postmenopausal woman is reported here and its features are briefly discussed.

Nonfunctioning paraganglioma of the urinary bladder: A rare entity

Paraganglioma of the urinary bladder is a rare tumor accounting for ˂0.06% of all bladder tumors and ˂1% of all pheochromocytomas. The distinction of paragangliomas from urothelial carcinoma is likely to be critical because of differences in therapeutic management. We report a case of 24-year-old female who presented with a complaint of intermittent hematuria and no other characteristic symptoms of paraganglioma. Ultrasonography revealed a lobulated mass arising from the anterior wall of the urinary bladder. Imaging studies and other relevant investigations were inconclusive. Transurethral resection was done and sent for histopathology. On histopathology, final diagnosis of paraganglioma was made. Patient is symptom-free postoperatively and is on regular follow-up 6 monthly.

Burkitt's lymphoma masquerading as intestinal obstruction: An uncommon entity with variable clinical presentation

Small bowel lymphoma is a comparatively rare disease. Usually neither typical nor explicit symptoms are determined during its course and the first manifestation can be noticed when a complication occurs. Burkitts lymphoma is a high-grade, aggressive and rapidly growing B-cell neoplasm, which has low long-term survival rates. Sporadic Burkitts lymphoma accounts for 1-2% of lymphomas in adults and for 40% of lymphomas in children in the worldwide population. The abdomen is the most frequent site of onset in nonendemic (sporadic) Burkitts lymphoma. Symptoms are often misleading and make diagnosis difficult. We present a case of a 5-year-old male child who presented with symptoms of acute intestinal obstruction. Emergency therapeutic and diagnostic laparotomy was performed and biopsy from thickened ileal wall was taken. Histopathologically, it was diagnosed as non-Hodgkins lymphoma possibly Burkitts lymphoma and confirmed on immunohistochemistry.

Extra-ocular sebaceous carcinoma: Rare skin adnexal tumor

Sebaceous carcinoma is a rare, highly malignant, and potentially lethal tumor of the skin, which most commonly occurs in the eyelid. The neoplasm arises from sebaceous glands, such as those of the eyebrow. It represents 1-5.5% of eyelid malignancies and is considered to be the third most common eyelid malignancy after basal cell carcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma, although few reports placed this tumor as second most common after basal cell carcinoma. Cutaneous extra-ocular sebaceous carcinoma is a rare tumor that frequently occurs on the face and scalp, constituting about 25% of all sebaceous carcinoma. It usually affects elderly women and characterized by the high rate of local recurrence, regional and distant metastases. We describe a case of sebaceous carcinoma of the left cheek in an 84-year-old male.