Aulanni'am

Effects of Ruellia tuberosa L. Root Extract on the Pancreatics of Diabetic Rat

Diabetes mellitus type 1 (DMT1) is an insulin deficiency disorder caused by pancreatic damage characterized by chronic hyperglycemia. Animal modeling of DMT1 using inducting Multiple Low Dose Streptozotocin (MLD-STZ) elevat levels of free radicals and inflammation in pancreatic organs which then damage β cells. Ruellia tuberosa L. is a plant containing triterpenoids from the class of antioxidant and anti-inflammatory flavonoids. This study used three groups of rat: negative control group, positive control and 240 mg/kg bw therapy group. Study are based on changes MDA levels, blood glucose and histologic of pancreas. MDA level determining with TBA method, glucose levels using EasyTouch GCU and histopalogy of pancreas using Hematoxylin-Eosin staining. Statistical analysis of MDA and blood glucose (α = 0.05) showed significant decreases in MDA and blood glucose levels. Based on the results of histologic observations of pancreas descriptively showed a decreas in cell damage on Langerhans island. Thus, the provision of root extract of Ruellia tuberosa L. can inhibit the damage in rat DMT1 model so that it can be used as therapy of diabetes mellitus.

Molecular Docking of Isorhamnetin as CYP1A1 Inhibitor in Skin Photoaging

Skin aging is the aging process of skin tissue due to elastin and collagen breakdown. Collagen and elastin are protein of connective tissue in skin dermis that serves to regenerate the skin for firmness and flexibility maintained. Sunlight is composed by three main parts according to their wavelengths, namely UVA, UVB, and UVC where the intensity of UVB sunlight is most active. UVB generates the production superoxide anion (O 2) which is main free radical in the skin surface. It attacked the cell membrane and subsequently form a new ROS and decrease antioxidants enzymatic excesively. Excessive ROS production resulting overexpression of AP-1 which activated Matrix metalloproteinases lead to collagen breakdown and photoaging. This paper discusses the affinity and interaction of isorhamnetin to CYP1A1 causing inactivation of AP-1 using molecular docking program. CYP1A1 is protein member of cytochrome P450 superfamily of enzymes encoded by the CYP1A1 gene. Cytochrome P450 used as oxidazing catalist in metabolic pathways steroids, fatty acids, xenobiotics, including drugs, toxins and carcinogens. This study consist of two stages: (1) isorhamnetin-CYP1A1 docking and α-naphthoflavone-CYP1A1 redocking (2) ∆G scores, inhibitory constant, and bonding interaction between ligan-reseptor analysis. Gibbs energy and inhibitory (∆G) constant (Ki) showed stability interaction between isorhamnetin and CYP1A1. Based on the ∆G score isorhamnetin has higher potential as CYP1A1 inhibitor than-naphthoflavoneα. IsorhamnetinCYP1A1 get -10,3 kcal/mol and 11,34 μM and-naphthoflavoneα get -9,1 kcal/mol and 228,4 μM. Isorhamnetin-CYP1A1 binded by 4 π bondingand2hydrogen bonding. The result presented the potential of isorhamnetin to decreased AP-1 expressioan through CYP1A1 inhibition. Keyword: photoaging, AP-1, isorhamnetin, CYP1A1, molecular docking

Potential of Lactobacillus casei Shirota Strain as Probiotic toward MDA Levels and Histopathology of Aortic Tissues in Rat with High Cholesterol Diet

Hypercholesterolemia is a major risk factor of cardiovascular disease. Hypercholesterolemia is a condition that the cholesterol levels in the body exceed the normal limits. The main factor that causes high cholesterol levels in the body is a high-cholesterol diet. The provision of highcholesterol diet may improve cholesterol levels, especially LDL cholesterol. This condition leads to LDL oxidation, furthermore generation of free radicals or ROS that causing lipid peroxidation. Products of lipid peroxidation by ROS compound is an MDA compound. Countermeasures against ROS required antioxidant compounds. Probiotics that contain lactic acid bacteria can increase antioxidant. Probiotic of Lactobacillus casei Shirota strain contained of lactic acid bacteria that can increase the antioxidant content and decrease cholesterol levels. The aim of this study was to determine the probiotic of Lactobacillus casei Shirota strain potential to MDA levels of rats blood serum and histopathology of rats aortic tissue that fed with high-cholesterol diet. This study used male white rats (Rattus norvegicus) Wistar strain were divided into negative and positive group and therapy groups doses of Lactobacillus casei Shirota strain is: 0.5, 1 and 1.5 mL/rat/day, that each group contained 5 rats.. The positive control group and therapy group administrated high-cholesterol diet for 21 days. The results showed that probiotic of Lactobacillus casei Shirota strain decreased the MDA levels of blood serum up to 60.15% at dose of 1.5 mL/rat/day and can improve the histopathology of aortic tissue on high-cholesterol diet rats. This result demonstrated that Lactobacillus casei Shirota strain probiotic had potentially as treatment of hypercholesterolemia.

Effect of Topical Aplication of Gel Aloe Vera Extract on The UVB-Induced Skin Photoaging in Hairless Rats

UVB generates the production of Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) and decrease antioxidants enzymatic excessively. Both of these biological effects caused photo-aging. Excessive ROS production afforded overexpression of AP-1 as a major regulator of photoaging. This paper figured out the potential of Aloe vera extract as topical gel treatment on the UVB-induced skin photo-aging in twenty male wistar hairless rats (Rattus novergicus) divided into 2 groups. First group was induced by UVB and the second was induced by UVB and topical gel extract Aloe vera treatment. Each group was given treatment for 4 weeks. The expression of MDA and SOD were measured with immunohistochemistry. The result showed that the topical gel therapy decreased the MDA expression and increased SOD expression significantly (p < 0.01). The conclusion from this study was Aloe vera extract had potentially as an alternative topical treatment of photoaging.

MDA and Histologic Profile of Pancreatic Diabetic-Rats Model Administered With Extract of Glycine max (L.) Merr.

Diabetes Mellitus is characterized by leveling up glucose in human blood and affects increasing of free radicals in body as well as leading to cellular oxidative stress. Experimentally, this condition is able to be characterized by increasing malondialdehyde (MDA) level in cell and histological changing in pancreas appearance. Consumption of antioxidant substances was reported able to reduce the MDA quantity as free radicals. Black soybean or Glycine max (L) Merr. was reported contains important antioxidant agents such as anthocyanin and isoflavone. This paper discloses recent investigation on application of black soybean water extract to reduce the MDA level on diabetes mellitus-rat model induced by STZ (DM) and also reports the pancreas histological changing of the DM rats. Investigation revealed that black soybean water extract significantly affect decreasing of MDA level by 4.9%, 27.1% and 45.7% in three different doses theraphy (500, 750, and 1000 mg/kg BW). Histologically, it also clearly indicates repairing of pancreas tissue of the DM rats.