Aylton José Figueira Junior

Efeito da utilização de bandas elásticas durante aulas de hidroginástica na força muscular de mulheres

The purpose of this study was to compare the muscle strength/resistance changes after four weeks of water gymnastics with and without the use of elastic bands. 26 women aged 50-60 years, who have attended water gymnastics classes for at least six month participated in the study. The subjects were pre and post-training assessed through elbow flexion, vertical jump without arm movements and 30-second stand and seat chair tests. The sample was randomly divided into two groups: Elastic band group (EBG) and Regular training group (RTG). EBG was engaged in water gymnastics classes program with the elastic band as additional load, while GTC engaged in only regular water gymnastics classes with no additional apparatus. The statistic analysis chosen was the two-way ANOVA and Tukey post hoc test with p 0.01). Tukey post hoc test evidenced significant increase pre-post training period at EBG program for all studied variables. These results suggest that elastic bands are an interesting strategy for water gymnastics classes to increase muscle strength of upper and lower limbs in women.

Physical activity as a protective factor for development of non-alcoholic fatty liver in men

Objective To determine the impact of physical activity on the prevalence of fatty liver, metabolic and cardiovascular disease in adult men. Methods This study evaluated 1,399 men (40.7±8.18 years) with body mass index of 26.7kg/m2 (±3.4) who participated in the Protocol of Preventive Health Check-up at Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein from January to October 2011. We conducted tests of serum blood glucose, total cholesterol, LDL, HDL, triglycerides, reactive c-protein, aspartate transaminase, alanine transaminase and gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase. The statistical analysis comprised in the comparison of mean and standard deviation. The analysis of variance was based in two paths of two way ANOVA, Student’s t-test, Mann Whitney U test, Wald test and χ2. We considered a significance level at p<0.05 and correlation of univariate Poison with 95% confidence interval. Results :Fatty liver was diagnosed in 37.0% of the sample. Triglyceride levels of active men with fatty liver were 148.2±77.6mg/dL while inactive men with fatty liver had 173.4±15.6mg/dL. The remaining serum levels were normal. Inactive individuals showed higher values than active. In addition, inactive individuals have 10.68 times higher risk of developing fatty liver compared with active. Conclusion Physical activity improves metabolic parameters such as triglycerides, weight control, HDL, which interfere in the development of fatty liver. Physically active individuals had lower fatty liver prevalence regardless of values of body composition and lipid profile, leading the conclusion that physical activity has a protective role against development of fatty liver.

Efeito do treinamento de força nas variáveis cardiovasculares em adolescentes com sobrepeso

OBJETIVO: O presente estudo teve por objetivo avaliar as respostas agudas cardiorrespiratorias e autonomicas induzidas por uma sessao de exercicio fisico resistido em adolescentes com sobrepeso.METODOS: Foram avaliados 17 adolescentes do sexo masculino divididos em grupo controle (GC, n=9) e grupo sobrepeso (GSO, n=7). Todos foram submetidos a uma sessao exercicios resistidos para diferentes grupos musculares, realizados com sobrecarga de 60% da forca maxima, com um intervalo de 45 segundos entre as series e 90 segundos entre cada exercicio. Antes, durante e apos a sessao de exercicios os seguintes parâmetros foram avaliados: frequencia cardiaca (FC), pressao arterial sistolica (PAS), pressao arterial diastolica (PAD) e variabilidade da frequencia cardiaca (VFC).RESULTADOS: Foi observado comportamento semelhante em ambos os grupos da PAS e PAD. A PAS aumentou durante o exercicio e a PAD diminuiu. Ambas retornaram aos valores basais durante a recuperacao. A FC aumentou durante a sessao de exercicio nos dois grupos, porem, apenas no GSO houve retorno aos valores de repouso. Os indices da VFC no dominio do tempo (VAR RR e RMSSD) se comportaram de maneira semelhante frente ao exercicio nos dois grupos, porem, no indice SDNN apenas o GSO retornou aos valores de repouso. A VFC no dominio da frequencia apresentou comportamento semelhante em ambos os grupos.CONCLUSOES: sugere-se que o aumento do nivel de atividade fisica em individuos com sobrepeso pode prevenir as alteracoes autonomicas que estao associadas ao aumento do peso corporal e conferir efeito protetor ao sistema cardiovascular.

Prevalência de sobrepeso e obesidade infantil em instituições de ensino: públicas vs. privadas

INTRODUCCION: los datos epidemiologicos indican que la obesidad infantil se ha incrementado en Brasil y que se identifica como un factor de riesgo para el desarrollo temprano de las enfermedades cronicas. La obesidad se ha caracterizado por un aumento de tejido adiposo y del peso corporal.OBJETIVO: diagnosticar y comparar la prevalencia de sobrepeso y obesidad en escolares de instituciones educativas publicas EPU y privadas EPR. Ademas, se encontro una correlacion entre el IMC y el porcentaje de grasa corporal en ninos de ambos sexos.METODOS: se evaluaron las variables antropometricas IMC y DOC [pliegues cutaneos] de ninos n = 91 y ninas n = 109 de entre 8 y 10 anos de edad. Hubo una mayor prevalencia de sobrepeso en los ninos 19,6% y ninas 25,5% de EPR en comparacion con los ninos 6,7% y ninas 8,1% de EPU. El nivel de obesidad fue mayor en los ninos 34,8% y ninas 31,9% de EPR en comparacion con los ninos 6,7% y ninas 6,5% de EPU. Una correlacion positiva se obtuvo entre las variables IMC y el porcentaje de grasa corporal de los ninos r = 0,82 y ninas r = 0,85.RESULTADOS: los resultados sugieren que, a pesar del aumento en todas las clases sociales, el sobrepeso y la obesidad eran mas presentes en aquellos con mayor poder economico, por lo tanto existe una relacion socioeconomica. Este hecho puede dar lugar a un estado de salud mas cerca de un polo negativo.CONCLUSION: el analisis de IMC resulto ser un indice para la determinacion eficiente de sobrepeso y obesidad en los ninos.introduction: epidemiological data indicate that childhood obesity is increasing in brazil and is identified as a risk factor for early development of chronic diseases. obesity has been characterized by increased adipose tissue and body weight. objective: to diagnose and compare the prevalence of overweight and obesity in schoolchildren from public (ePu) and private (ePr) schools. Methods: anthropometrics variables (bMi and doc [skin folds]) were evaluated in boys (n=91) and girls (n=109) between 8 and 10 years old. there was a higher prevalence of overweight in boys (19.6%) and girls (25.5%) of the ePr compared to boys (6.7%) and girls (8.1%) of the ePu. the obesity level was higher in boys (34.8%) and girls (31.9%) of the ePr compared to boys (6.7%) and girls (6.5%) of the ePu. Positive correlation was obtained between the variables bMi and % body fat in boys (r=0.82) and girls (r=0.85). results: the results suggest that despite the increase in all social classes, overweight and obesity prevalence were more present in those with higher economic status, confirming therefore a socioeconomic relationship. this finding may lead to a health condition closest to the negative pole. conclusion: the bMi analysis proved to be an index for efficient determination of overweight and obesity in children.

Physiological responses during the practice of synchronized swimming: a systematic review

This study is aimed at analysing the scientific literature related to physiological responses in synchronized swimmers, produced from 2006 to 2016. A systematic review was conducted using electronic databases (Google Scholar, PubMed, SportDiscus, Web Science, Scielo and Scopus) in national and international journals. The articles were selected using the following inclusion criteria: composed samples of synchronized swimmers of both sexes, articles in English, Spanish and Portuguese, published from 2006 to 2016. Ten studies were included. The concentration of the articles and their publication was as follows: Europe (77%) and North America (23%). The protocols used analyse physiological responses in synchronized swimmers athletes during competitions or laboratory tests, lactate measurements, heart rate, rates of perceived exertion, VO2 and lung volume. The subjects of 100% of the studies included in this review were athletes of junior and senior categories who volunteered. Only 03 of the 10 studies have compared the physiological responses in volunteers who were not synchronized swimmers to synchronized swimmer athletes. The studies were conducted using different methodologies, which makes it difficult to compare them, so the standardization of instruments and definitions is essential for the scientific advancement in this field. In addition, it would be interesting to expand the research of these physiological responses in synchronized swimmers using base level or beginners as sample.

Alteraciones emocionales y la relación con las cargas de entrenamiento en nadadores de alto rendimiento

O objetivo do presente estudo foi avaliar a relacao entre a carga de treinamento e o estado de humor durante um macrociclo. Vinte nadadores velocistas de alto rendimento, de ambos os sexos, foram avaliados pela Escala de Percepcao Subjetiva de Esforco (PSE) e pelo Perfil Brums. A carga de treinamento foi determinada com a multiplicacao dos quilometros nadados (volume) semanalmente pela resposta da PSE semanal. A correlacao de Pearson foi usadaparaverificar a relacao entre a carga de treino e o estado de humor. Os resultados mostraram correlacao positiva da carga com a fadiga e negativa com o vigor (p < 0,01). Assim, foi possivel concluir que a carga de treinamento determinada pela relacao entre o volume e a PSE se relaciona com os estados emocionais, o vigor e a fadiga de nadadores.

Prevalence of overweight and obesity in childhood in educational institutions: public vs private

INTRODUCCION: los datos epidemiologicos indican que la obesidad infantil se ha incrementado en Brasil y que se identifica como un factor de riesgo para el desarrollo temprano de las enfermedades cronicas. La obesidad se ha caracterizado por un aumento de tejido adiposo y del peso corporal.OBJETIVO: diagnosticar y comparar la prevalencia de sobrepeso y obesidad en escolares de instituciones educativas publicas EPU y privadas EPR. Ademas, se encontro una correlacion entre el IMC y el porcentaje de grasa corporal en ninos de ambos sexos.METODOS: se evaluaron las variables antropometricas IMC y DOC [pliegues cutaneos] de ninos n = 91 y ninas n = 109 de entre 8 y 10 anos de edad. Hubo una mayor prevalencia de sobrepeso en los ninos 19,6% y ninas 25,5% de EPR en comparacion con los ninos 6,7% y ninas 8,1% de EPU. El nivel de obesidad fue mayor en los ninos 34,8% y ninas 31,9% de EPR en comparacion con los ninos 6,7% y ninas 6,5% de EPU. Una correlacion positiva se obtuvo entre las variables IMC y el porcentaje de grasa corporal de los ninos r = 0,82 y ninas r = 0,85.RESULTADOS: los resultados sugieren que, a pesar del aumento en todas las clases sociales, el sobrepeso y la obesidad eran mas presentes en aquellos con mayor poder economico, por lo tanto existe una relacion socioeconomica. Este hecho puede dar lugar a un estado de salud mas cerca de un polo negativo.CONCLUSION: el analisis de IMC resulto ser un indice para la determinacion eficiente de sobrepeso y obesidad en los ninos.introduction: epidemiological data indicate that childhood obesity is increasing in brazil and is identified as a risk factor for early development of chronic diseases. obesity has been characterized by increased adipose tissue and body weight. objective: to diagnose and compare the prevalence of overweight and obesity in schoolchildren from public (ePu) and private (ePr) schools. Methods: anthropometrics variables (bMi and doc [skin folds]) were evaluated in boys (n=91) and girls (n=109) between 8 and 10 years old. there was a higher prevalence of overweight in boys (19.6%) and girls (25.5%) of the ePr compared to boys (6.7%) and girls (8.1%) of the ePu. the obesity level was higher in boys (34.8%) and girls (31.9%) of the ePr compared to boys (6.7%) and girls (6.5%) of the ePu. Positive correlation was obtained between the variables bMi and % body fat in boys (r=0.82) and girls (r=0.85). results: the results suggest that despite the increase in all social classes, overweight and obesity prevalence were more present in those with higher economic status, confirming therefore a socioeconomic relationship. this finding may lead to a health condition closest to the negative pole. conclusion: the bMi analysis proved to be an index for efficient determination of overweight and obesity in children.

EFFECTS OF A MULTICOMPONENT EXERCISE PROGRAM ON THE FUNCTIONAL FITNESS IN ELDERLY WOMEN

Introduction: Aging is inevitable and irreversible, but with the advancement of technology, life expectancy is increasing every year, bringing proposals for various interventions to improve the quality of life. One such intervention is physical exercise programs. Objectives: To investigate the impact of multicomponent training in circuits on functional autonomy parameters in elderly women. Methods: Elderly were recruited and distributed in two groups: trained (N = 16) and non-trained (N = 15). Those in the trained group performed 75-minute training sessions twice a week over a 56-week period. The resistance training included upper and lower limbs with a relative intensity of 70% of 1RM, exercises using body weight, stretching and specific tasks for agility, performed in a circuit form and totaling three passages. Participants underwent functional autonomy (FA) assessment by the protocol of the Latin American Developmental Group for Maturity, the 6-minute walk test (T6M), and the sit-and-reach (SR) test. Results: The trained group had a significant decrease in body weight (p=0.02) and body mass index (p=0.015). Significant improvements (p=0,009) were also observed in FA, SR, and T6M after the intervention Compared with the untrained group, the trained group also obtained significant differences in all functional parameters analyzed. Conclusion: A long-term multicomponent training program conducted on a circuit and applied twice a week was enough to improve multiple components of the functional autonomy of elderly women. Level of Evidence II; Prognostic studies Investigating the effect of a patient characteristic on the outcome of disease.

ALTERATIONS IN PEAK TORQUE OCCUR WITHOUT HEMATOLOGICAL CHANGES AFTER MUSCLE FATIGUE

Rev Bras Med Esporte – Vol. 23, No 3 – Mai/Jun, 2017 ABSTRACT Introduction: Muscular fatigue during voluntary muscle contractions is a complex and multifactorial phenomenon associated with central changes and adaptations of the neuromuscular system. Objective: The aim of this study was to analyze the changes in both peak torque and hematological parameters in active and inactive healthy subjects following a muscular fatigue protocol. Methods: Twenty-one healthy adult males performed a muscle fatigue protocol (10 sets, 10 repetitions of knee extension at 75% of the maximal isometric torque (MIT), 120os-1 and 40 seconds of rest). Hematocrit (Ht), red blood cells (RBC) and leukocytes (L) analysis were evaluated before (B) and after (A) a fatigue test. Results: The inactive group presented impairment only in concentric muscular action of -41±4% in relation to the active (-23±3%) group. No differences were found in hematological parameters in inactive group (Ht, B: 45.00±0.01 vs. A: 47.00±0.01; RBC, B: 442±40 vs. A: 487±41; L, B: 7,565±2,878 vs. A: 8,015±4,224) and the active group (Ht, B: 45.00±0.63 vs. A: 47.00±0.01; RBC, B: 477±30 vs. A: 559±37; L, B: 6,418±3,557 vs. A: 6,632±4,460). Conclusion: Differences were found only in concentric actions between groups. Additionally, there were no relationships found in hematological parameters between groups.

POWERLIFTING SESSIONS PROMOTE SIGNIFICANT POST-EXERCISE HYPOTENSION

ABSTRACT Introduction: Powerlifting (PWL) is a worldwide method, frequently used in resistance training programs. However, the relationship between cardiovascular responses and PWL is still unclear in the literature. Objective: To evaluate acute cardiovascular overload and post-exercise hypotension (PEH) after acute powerlifting exercise session in subjects with experience in the modality. Methods: Nine powerlifting athletes (34 ± 5 years) participated voluntarily in this study. The following exercises were used in the session: squat, bench press and deadlift (95% of 1 RM, 2 to 5 repetitions). The anthropometric parameters and blood pressure (systolic, diastolic and mean) were evaluated immediately, 5’, 10’, 30’, 60’ and 24 hours after the exercise session with a non-invasive automatic pres-sure monitor. Results: Significant differences (p<0.05) were found between rest and immediately after exercise on systolic (135 ± 6 vs. 153 ± 10 mmHg) and mean (102 ± 3 vs. 108 ± 3 mmHg) blood pressures, but no difference was found at diastolic (85 ± 3 vs. 85 ± 4 mmHg) blood pressure. Additionally, the increase in systolic pressure did not reach values considered as a risk of cardiovascular overload. Significant PEH was found after 60 minutes (systolic: -12 ± 12%, diastolic: -5 ± 6% and mean: -7 ± 5%) and 24 hours after PWL session (systolic: -5 ± 4%, diastolic: -8 ± 4% and mean: -7 ± 3%). Conclusion: Our data demonstrated that a PWL session does not increase systolic blood pressure up to the risk range and promotes PEH after 60 minutes of exercise and that this cardiovascular response persisted after 24 hours post-exertion in powerlifting athletes.Keywords: hypotension; resistance training; exercise.