Berildo de Melo

Performance of carrot cultivars in the Summer and Autumn-Winter, in Uberlândia, Brazil

Climate variations along the year tend to strongly affect the agricultural performance of several carrot cultivars grown in Brazil today, including those mostly adapted to a given climatic condition. The performance of cv. Alvorada was compared to other carrot cvs., including three of the Brasilia group (Calibrada, Alta Selecao and RL) and Nantes, Forto and Carandai, in the Summer and Autumn-Winter in Uberlândia, Minas Gerais State, Brazil. The resistance to leaf blight (Alternaria dauci), incidence of green shoulder, total yield, percentage and yield of commercial roots were evaluated. The experimental design was of randomized blocks with four repetitions and seven treatments for each growing season. Each plot consisted of ten or eleven 1.0 m rows spaced 0.20 m, in a total area of 2.0 or 2.2 m2 per plot and measured area of 1.4 or 1.8 m2 for Autumn-Winter and Summer, respectively. In the Summer cropping, cultivar Alvorada presented higher total yield in relation to cvs. Carandai, Forto and Nantes; however, not differing from cvs. Brasilia Calibrada, Brasilia Alta Selecao and Brasilia RL. Moreover, cultivar Alvorada presented higher resistance to leaf blight while the percentage of green shoulder was not statistically different from the other cvs. Significant differences in total yield were observed during Autumn-Winter only among the cvs. Brasilia Calibrada and Carandai. Greater resistance to leaf blight was observed in cv. Alvorada in both growing seasons and in cvs. Forto, Nantes and Brasilia Calibrada during Autumn-Winter.

Qualidade do fruto e produtividade do abacaxizeiro em diferentes densidades de plantio e lâminas de irrigação

The objective of this work was to evaluate the effect of different planting densities and two irrigation levels on the fruit quality and productivity of pineapple (Ananas comosus (L.) Merril). A randomized block experimental design was used with six planting densities and two irrigation levels, with five replicates. Fruit weight, firmness, and juice yield were evaluated. The diameters of the fruit and of the stalk were also measured. The primary fruit, ratoon fruit, and the total fruit yield were calculated. The increase in planting density caused a decrease in the average fruit weight, diameter of the fruit and of the stalk, juice yield, and primary crop. However, plant density did not affect fruit firmness. The higher irrigation rate did not influence the fruit weight average, the diameter of the fruit and of the stem, or the primary crop, but did cause a decrease in fruit firmness and juice yield in the 35,714 and 71,429 plants ha -1 populations. The total fruit productivity increased with plant density and was not influenced by irrigation rate.

Densidade de plantio de cultivares de cenoura para processamento submetidas à adubações química e orgânica

In this research the yield of Alvorada and Carandai carrot cultivars was verified, under different planting densities, submitted to organic and chemical fertilization, aiming to obtain roots with adequate characteristics for cenourete production (similar to baby carrot) and catetinho (mini ball form). Five planting densities were used: 16; 20; 24; 28 and 32 plants m-1) with four replications, in a total of 80 plots of 10 lines spaced 0,25 m from each other. The total root weight, average root length, roots with smaller diameter than 3,0 cm (%), roots with green superior part (%),leftovers for processing (%),discard (%) and the severity of leaf blight were evaluated. Plants were harvested 104 days after sowing. Total root weight and percentage of root diameter smaller than 3,0 cm were not influenced by the type of fertilization. Increasing the planting density resulted in a reduction of the root weight with a diameter over 3,0 cm as well as in the root length, independently of the cultivar. Using chemical fertilization resulted in more roots with green shoulder independently of the employed cultivar; but Alvorada presented higher percentages of green shoulder.

O cultivo protegido de hortaliças em Uberlândia-MG

The situation of the protected cultivation in Uberlândia-MG is described and the causes that led many producers to lack of success in this system are discussed. A questionnaire was applied to the vegetable producers that produced and those that are producing under protected cultivation, being observed the main information related to the production, from the installation to the commercialization of the cultivated products. We identified that the protected cultivation in Uberlândia began in 1990/1991. Two years later, approximately 84% of the producers had abandoned this activity. The lack of cultivars and adapted hybrids to the region; the scarce information about commercialization and manuring of the soil; the lack of technical attendance to the producer; the beginning of the activity without doing market research; the lack of adapted handling of the protected atmosphere; high cost of the installation; the absence of differentiated prices for products obtained from protected cultivation; the absence of governmental incentive; lack of professional experience of the beginners in this agribusiness; lack of project and economic planning of the production, were the reasons that motivated the farmers to stop the protected cultivation in Uberlândia. This research stand out, also, the need of new information about the handling in the protected cultivation in this city.

Concentrações de sais em meios de cultivo para o desenvolvimento de barueiro in vitro

The objective of this work was to evaluate the effect of salt concentrations in culture media on the early development of “barueiro” (Dipteryx alata) seedlings, obtained from the shoot apex, in vitro. Two different in vitro culture media – Murashige & Skoog (MS) and wood plant medium (WPM) – in different salt concentrations (25, 50, 75, and 100%) were used. At 120 days, the D. alata seedlings in the MS medium, in its original concentration (100%), developed better than in other concentrations or in the WPM. Therefore, the MS medium was considered the most suitable for ensuring in vitro establishment because it provided greater root length (27.65 cm) and number of leaves per plant (26 leaves) than the other medium.