Carlos Eduardo Ferreira de Castro

Fern propagation in vitro and in vivo from spores.

The objective of this experiment was to study the fern propagation from spores of Cyathea schanschin Mart and Dicksonia sellowiana (Presl.) Hook. The spores were decontaminated in calcium or sodium hypochlorite solutions. The in vitro experiments were performed with the media: MS modified, Jones or Knops solution modified. Tree-fern fibre, sphagnum moss, loam soil or brick peaces were, used for the in vivo experiments. The temperature was mantained at 25 ± 1°C and 16 hours of photoperiod for both treatments (In vivo and in vitro cultures). Besides the high percentage of contamination during the germination process, in vitro and in vivo, the best results were obtained with decontamination made in a 2% sodium hypochlorite solution. The spores germination occurred after a period of 4 to 8 weeks and the prothalli were formed 30 to 40 days latter. There was a high percentage of germination and prothalli formation in Jones and Knop media, and tree-fern fibre and sphagnum moss substrates.

Manutenção da qualidade e aumento da longevidade floral de crisântemo cv. White polaris

Cut flowers of spray chrysanthemum (Dendranthema grandiflorum (Ramat.) S. Kitamura) cv. White Polaris were harvested and treated in pulsing solutions. The flowers were harvested in commercial greenhouses and transported to the laboratory where the whole stem and inflorescence were immersed in tap water at darkness, during 3 hours. The flowers were selected for uniformity in terms of development; the stems were trimmed to equal length (50 to 60 cm) and tagged to allow recording morphological changes associated with individual flowers. The flowers were held during 24 hours (pulsing treatment period) at 25 ± 2°C and 60 to 90% of air relative humidity under continuous cool white fluorescent light at 1.5 KLx. At the end of the treatment, the flowers were transferred to distilled water, under daily 10 hours of continuous fluorescent light and at the same laboratory conditions already described. At the first experiment, it was tested the efficiency of 8-hydroxyquinoline (8-HQ) and thiabendazole (TBZ), as germicides, in three concentrations each one. Furthermore, two growth regulators were applied in order to keep the green color and the turgidity of leaves: gibberellic acid (GA3), 6-benzylaminopurine (6-BA) and a mix of them. At the second experiment, in order to extend the vase-life by inhibition of ethylene production, it was tested the effect of silver nitrate (AgNO3), anionic silver thiosulphate complex (STS) and cobalt chloride (CoCl2) into pulsing solutions in three concentrations each one. The results of experiments showed that pulsing treatment with distilled water + 0.52 mol/m3 citric acid + 58.43 mol/m3 sucrose + 0.69 mol/m3 8-HQ + 2.9 or 4.4 mol/m3 AgNO3, combined with foliar treatment of 0.058 mol/m3 GA3, improved the foliar quality and extended the flower vase life.

FENOLOGIA E ESTIMATIVA DA DURAÇÃO DO CICLO DA ZÍNIA 'PROFUSION CHERRY' CULTIVADA EM VASOS EM AMBIENTE PROTEGIDO ( 1 )

ABSTRACT PHENOLOGY AND CYCLE LENGTH ESTIMATES FOR POTTED ZINNIA “PROFUSIONCHERRY” GROWN UNDER PLASTIC COVER Phenology of potted Zinnia ‘Profusion Cherry’ grown in a greenhouse with plastic cover wasevaluated for weekly sowing dates from: 2/4/05 to 6/17/05. The length of plant cycle was influenced byair temperature and photoperiod. The average length of the phase sowing to first open flower variedfrom 39 days for the sowing dates of 03/11/05 and 03/18/05 to 63 days for 06/10/05. It was also showedthat estimates of the length (D) of the period sowing to first open flower could be obtained by thefollowing equation: 1/D = 0.019108 + 0.001968 T – 0.00352 F (R 2 = 0.99) where, T is the mean air temperature(°C) and F is the mean photoperiod (hours). Key words: cycle, temperature, photoperiod.( 1 ) Recebido para publicacao em 26 de setembro de 2006 e aceito em 12 de setembro de 2007.( 2 ) Unidade de Pesquisa e Desenvolvimento de Ubatuba /APTA, Caixa Postal 59, 11680-000 Ubatuba (SP). E-mail:charleston@apta.sp.gov.br (*) Autor correspondente.(

Determinação do ponto de colheita e indução à abertura floral do crisântemo cultivar White Polaris em diferentes concentrações de sacarose

Flowers of spray chrysanthemum cv. White Polaris were cut at 4 stages and treated in pulsing solutions of distilled water plus 0 to 146.1 mol/m3 sucrose. The flowers were harvested in local commercial greenhouses, at various stages of development, and transported to the laboratory. The whole stem and inflorescences were immersed in tap water under the shade, during 3 hours. The flowers were selected for uniformity in terms of development. The stems were trimmed to equal length (50 to 60 cm) and tagged to allow recording morphological changes associated with individual flowers. The flowers were held during a 24 h pulsing treatment period at 25 ± 2°C and 60 to 90% air relative humidity under continuous cool white fluorescent light at 1.5 KLx. At the end of the treatment, the flowers were transferred to distilled water, under 10 h daily continuous fluorescent light and the same laboratory conditions as above. Vase life was measured from the end of the treatment period and was considered to have terminated when leaves and flower petals lost their turgidity and decorative value. Opening and duration of flowers of stalks harvested with apical inflorescences fully or 75% open was satisfactory in all solutions. Flowers of stalks with apical inflorescences 50% or 25% open did not reach the full potential of flower size, but 116.9 and 146.1 mol/m3 sucrose generally promoted flower opening.

‘IAC Iguape’ – Nova cultivar de antúrio (Anthurium andraeanum Linden) cor de vinho para flor de corte.

‘IAC Iguape’ possui espata de coloracao vinho e espadice creme rosado-alaranjado. Foi selecionada entre plantas introduzidas a colecao do IAC, em Pariquera-Acu (SP). Plantas micropropagadas sao cultivadas sob telado com 70% a 80% de sombra em canteiro com substrato orgânico. Plantas de quatro anos, produziram media de 4,6 flores/ano. A durabilidade comercial pos-colheita e de vinte dias.