Cetin Boran

Lipoma Arborescens of the Suprapatellar Bursa and Extensor Digitorum Longus Tendon Sheath Report of 2 Cases

Lipoma arborescens (diffuse articular lipomatosis) is a rare intra‐articular lesion consisting of subsynovial villous proliferation of mature fat cells. The usual clinical presentation is painless swelling. The aim of this series was to emphasize the importance of gray scale and color Doppler sonography through the investigation of chronic joint swelling.

Pityriasis rosea-like eruption due to pneumococcal vaccine in a child with nephrotic syndrome.

A pityriasis rosea‐like eruption can occur as a consequence of treatments with gold compounds and captopril. It has rarely been reported to have an association with vaccinations such as smallpox, BCG, hepatitis B, and diphtheria toxoid. It has not previously been documented to develop after pneumococcal vaccination. We report a case of pityriasis rosea‐like eruption that developed following pneumococcal vaccination in a child with nephrotic syndrome.

A combination of plasma DAO and citrulline levels as a potential marker for acute mesenteric ischemia

Introduction There is no valid and reliable diagnostic test for early diagnosis of acute mesenteric ischemia (AMI). The aim of this study was to measure the plasma levels of diamine oxidase (DAO) and citrulline in AMI to gain insight into its early diagnosis. Material and methods A total of 21 Wistar albino rats were divided into three groups, that is, control group, short-term ischemia group, and prolonged ischemia group. The superior mesenteric artery was occluded for 15 min in the short-term ischemia group and for 12 h in the prolonged ischemia group. Twelve hours later, the experiment was terminated and plasma DAO and citrulline levels were measured. Intestinal tissue was evaluated for the histopathological changes. Results Compared to the control group, the short-term and prolonged ischemia groups showed significant increases in the plasma levels of DAO, whereas the plasma citrulline levels decreased significantly. Prolonged ischemia caused a larger increase in the plasma DAO levels and a larger decrease in the plasma citrulline levels compared to the short-term ischemia (p=0.011 and p=0.021, respectively). Intestinal damage was shown to develop more in the prolonged ischemia group (p=0.001). Conclusion In the early period of AMI, the plasma DAO levels increase while citrulline levels decrease, and the extent of these changes depends on the duration of ischemia.Introduction There is no valid and reliable diagnostic test for early diagnosis of acute mesenteric ischemia (AMI). The aim of this study was to measure the plasma levels of diamine oxidase (DAO) and citrulline in AMI to gain insight into its early diagnosis. Material and methods A total of 21 Wistar albino rats were divided into three groups, that is, control group, short-term ischemia group, and prolonged ischemia group. The superior mesenteric artery was occluded for 15 min in the short-term ischemia group and for 12 h in the prolonged ischemia group. Twelve hours later, the experiment was terminated and plasma DAO and citrulline levels were measured. Intestinal tissue was evaluated for the histopathological changes. Results Compared to the control group, the short-term and prolonged ischemia groups showed significant increases in the plasma levels of DAO, whereas the plasma citrulline levels decreased significantly. Prolonged ischemia caused a larger increase in the plasma DAO levels and a larger decrease in the plasma citrulline levels compared to the short-term ischemia (p=0.011 and p=0.021, respectively). Intestinal damage was shown to develop more in the prolonged ischemia group (p=0.001). Conclusion In the early period of AMI, the plasma DAO levels increase while citrulline levels decrease, and the extent of these changes depends on the duration of ischemia.

The evaluation of topical administration of Bellis perennis fraction on circular excision wound healing in Wistar albino rats

Context: Bellis perennis L. (Asteraceae) has been used traditionally in the treatment of bruises, broken bones, and wounds by European people. Objective: To investigate the wound healing activity of B. perennis flowers in Wistar albino rats. Materials and methods: Dried B. perennis flowers were extracted with ethanol, then fractioned with n-butanol and an oinment was prepared. Twelve male adult Wistar rats were used. Six wounds were created for each animal by using circular excision wound model. The first two wounds were treated topically with HOTBp (hydrophilic ointment treatment containing n-butanol fraction). The second two wounds were control group and not treated with anything. The third two wounds were treated only with HOT (hydrophilic ointment treatment without n-butanol fraction). Treatments were applied once a day and lasted for 30 days. Wound samples were excised on days 5th, 10th and 30th. The percentage of wound healing was calculated by Walker’s formula after measurement of the wound area and the tissue samples were examined histopathologically. Results: The percentages of wound closure (HOTBp: 100%; HOT: 85% and control: 87%) and histopathological observations showed that there were statistically significant differences between HOTBp, HOT and control groups (p < 0.05) at 30th day. Discussion and conclusion: Topically administered ointment prepared from the n-butanol fraction of B. perennis flowers has a wound healing potential without scar formation in circular excision wound model in rats. Thus, traditional usage of wound healing activity of B. perennis was scientifically verified for the first time.

Reliability of the 34βE12, keratin 5/6, p63, bcl-2, and AMACR in the diagnosis of prostate carcinoma.

OBJECTIVE In this study, we aimed to investigate which basal cell marker should be used with α-methylacyl coenzyme A racemase (AMACR) to increase diagnostic accuracy in the diagnosis of prostate carcinoma. MATERIALS AND METHODS A total of 98 cases of prostate biopsy, comprising 65 cases with prostate adenocarcinoma and 33 cases without adenocarcinoma, were included in this study. Prostate-specific antigen (PSA) serum levels before biopsies were obtained. The number of cores with malignant glands and Gleason scores for each case were determined. Paraffin sections were stained immunohistochemically with 34βE12, keratin 5/6, p63, bcl-2, and AMACR. RESULTS According to staining pattern, extensiveness, and intensity of basal cell markers in benign glands, 34βE12 gave the best results. As negative markers for prostate adenocarcinoma, the best markers were p63 and 34βE12. According to the AUC values in ROC curves for both extensiveness and intensity, the arrangement from the best to the worst was 34βE12, p63, bcl-2, and keratin 5/6. The 34βE12 had the best sensitivity and specificity values (95% and 98%, respectively). Staining extensiveness and intensity of keratin 5/6 in malignant glands, and those of bcl-2 in benign glands had statistically significant positive correlation with serum PSA levels. Even though AMACR is a negative marker for benignity, some of the benign glands also had positive immune reaction with AMACR. However, AMACR positivity was usually focal and weak. Nevertheless, intensively stained subjects were also present. No correlation was present between AMACR and basal cell markers. CONCLUSIONS As a result, we suggest that keratin 5/6 and bcl-2 should not be used to identify benign glands in prostate biopsy since they show high positivity in malignant glands and high negativity in benign glands. 34βE12 should be the first choice as a basal cell marker. p63 can be used together with 34βE12, but it may not give additional diagnostic information. When we evaluated the correlation of basal cell markers, we did not find any complementary staining results among basal cell markers. Our study showed that 34βE12 is the most appropriate negative marker to combine with AMACR as a positive marker for the diagnosis of prostate adenocarcinoma.

Collision tumour of trichofolliculoma and basal cell carcinoma

A 52‐year‐old woman presented with a 2‐year history of a reddish nodule on the right nasolabial sulcus. Histopathological examination revealed that the nodule was composed of trichofolliculoma and basal cell carcinoma. There was no transitional zone between the two neoplasms. The diagnosis was made as a collision tumour of trichofolliculoma and basal cell carcinoma.

Nevoid Hyperkeratosis of the Nipple and Areola: A Diagnosis of Exclusion

A 17-year-old woman presented with a 4 year history of hyperkeratotic and hyperpigmented lesions over both her nipples. She denied associated pain, pruritus, and discharge. The patient was not taking any medications and had never been pregnant. There was no personal or family history of any dermatologic diseases. Physical examination revealed brown verrucous plaques on both nipples (Fig. 1). The lesions were more prominent on the right-side nipple (Fig. 2). Baseline laboratory values were within normal limits and the patient appeared to be in good health. Bilateral ultrasonographic examination revealed nipple retraction and skin thickening of the areola (Fig. 3). Punch biopsy specimens were taken from the nipple lesions. Histopathologic evaluation showed hyperkeratosis, acanthosis, papillomatosis, and

Tuberculosis of the Knee in a Child

The diagnosis for skeletal tuberculosis is often overlooked. We report a 9-year-old patient with a history of 2 years of swollen joint, with a diagnosis of tuberculosis of the knee with involvement of the proximal tibial epiphysis, and treated surgically and with anti-tuberculosis drug therapy.

Basal cell carcinoma in a bacillus Calmette-Guérin scar.

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Comparison of ocular surface side effects of topical travoprost and bimatoprost.

Purpose: To compare the subjective symptoms, conjunctival hyperemia, tearing response and conjunctival cytological changes secondary to topical administration of bimatoprost and travoprost for 6 months. Methods: Newly diagnosed primary open-angle glaucoma patients were randomly prescribed bimatoprost (35 cases) or travoprost (42 cases). Two patients in each group were excluded because they did not appear at their appointments regularly. Thus, 33 and 40 patients completed the study in the bimatoprost and travoprost groups, respectively. Redness, itching, foreign-body sensation, pain and discomfort were assessed by a questionnaire, and patients were examined for conjunctival hyperemia. Schirmer’s I and break-up time tests were performed, and impression cytology of conjunctiva was evaluated. Results: Subjective symptoms were similar in both groups. The only subjective symptom that changed significantly was redness. The change in conjunctival hyperemia along the study period correlated with the patient-reported redness in both groups, being highest on day 30. Schirmer’s test I and break-up time did not change with time and were similar in both groups. The impression cytology grade increased with time in both groups with the only significant difference between groups on day 90 (higher in the bimatoprost group). Conclusion: We observed conjunctival hyperemia as the most common side effect of bimatoprost and travoprost. Tear film functions were not affected by these drugs while cytological alterations were.