Charliton José dos Santos Machado

Feminismo revisitado: práticas e representações políticas de educadoras paraibanas em 1930

Este artigo analisa as praticas e representacoes politicas de educadoras paraibanas no decorrer do ano de 1930. Teorica e metodologicamente, ampara-se na nova historia cultural e no conceito de genero a fim de desvelar, historicamente, registros, relatos e documentos relativos a uma parcela da atuacao politica, docente e literaria de educadoras, comumente obliteradas na historiografia daquele periodo. As fontes utilizadas sao materias jornalisticas difundidas pelo Jornal A Uniao, orgao da imprensa oficial do Estado da Paraiba. O estudo dos documentos sinaliza que as praticas politicas das referidas educadoras promoveram, de forma tatica, mudancas nos padroes e no imaginario feminino da Republica Velha e seu engajamento nos acontecimentos da epoca propiciou a visibilizacao de uma crescente participacao feminina na esfera publica pos-1930. Palavras-chave : Educadoras; Praticas Politicas; Relacoes de Genero.

Mulher e educação na República Velha: transitando entre o discurso histórico e o literário

This paper, which is linked to the HISTEDBR/GT-PB research group and to the research project “Education and educators in the state of Paraiba in the 20th century: practices, readings and representations”, aims to understand the meanings of teaching and female education in the Old Republic on the Basis of the representations of women that were common in this period of Brazilian society. Its methodology is a bibliographic research, with the analysis of two literary works, A educacao nacional , by Jose Verissimo Dias de Matos, published in 1890 and again in 1906 with the addition of a chapter titled A educacao da mulher brasileira , and the novel O quinze , by Raquel de Queiroz, published in 1930, which has as its main character the teacher Conceicao. This research project is situated in the area of Gender Studies and adopts the theoretical and methodological assumptions of the New Cultural History. Although in that period the encouragement of female teaching and women’s education was justified by their association to the representations of women as mothers, wives and housewives, as first and primary educators of the future citizens, both literary works also show the incipient insertion of women in a wider social process, with changes in women’s behavior and the gradual occupation of the public space. These are advances connected to women’s access to continued school education and the labor market through teaching. Key words: teaching, women’s education, Old Republic.

Anotações sobre o pensamento educacional de Manoel Bomfim a partir da obra América Latina: males de origem (1905)

This article evaluates the ideas of Manoel Bomfim on education, from the analysis of his classical work America Latina: males de origem (1993 [1905]), and highlights his contributions to Brazilian social thought. Considered as an intellectual dissident, Bomfim strongly rejected racism as a scientific explanation for economic, social, political and moral backwardness in Latin American republics, in the beginning of the 20th century. Manoel Bomfim, in the light of his theory of social parasitism, redirects the debate on Latin American backwardness to the field of historical analysis of Iberian colonization, proposing the development of education as the way for the emancipation of peoples and for the construction of a more democratic society. Key words: Brazilian education, Manoel Bomfim, social thought.