-Hsia Chiu
National Pingtung University of Science and Technology
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Fish & Shellfish Immunology | 2009
Vo Minh Son; Chin-Chyuan Chang; Mi-Chen Wu; Yuan-Kuang Guu; Chiu-Hsia Chiu; Winton Cheng
The percent weight gain (PWG) and feed efficiency (FE) of Epinephelus coioides were calculated, and the lactobacilli and total microbiota in the posterior intestines, and non-specific immune parameters of grouper, and its susceptibility to Streptococcus sp. and an iridovirus were determined when the fish were fed diets containing Lactobacillus plantarum at 0 (control), 10(6), 10(8), or 10(10) colony-forming units (cfu) kg(-1) for 4 weeks. Results showed that grouper fed a diet containing L. plantarum at the levels of 10(6), 10(8), and 10(10) cfu kg(-1) had significantly increased PGW and FE especially at 10(8) cfu kg(-1) group which were 404.6% and 1.26, respectively. L. plantarum significantly increased in the fish posterior intestines during the L. plantarum feeding period, but decreased rapidly from the intestine within 1 week after changing to the control diet (without L. plantarum). Fish fed a diet containing L. plantarum at 10(6) and 10(8) cfu kg(-1) had significantly higher survival rates than those fed the control diet after challenge with Streptococcus sp., as well as those fed 10(8) cfu kg(-1) after challenge with an iridovirus, causing increases in the survival rates of 23.3%, 20.0%, and 36.7%, respectively, compared to the control group. The alternative complement activity (ACH(50)) level of fish fed diets containing L. plantarum after 4 weeks was significantly higher than that of fish fed the control diet, and that of the 10(8) cfu kg(-1) group was significantly higher than those of the 10(6) and 10(10) cfu kg(-1) groups, which increased by 83.4% compared to the control group. The lysozyme activity and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) activity of fish fed the L. plantarum-containing diets at 10(8) and 10(10) cfu kg(-1) significantly increased compared to those fed the 10(6) cfu kg(-1)L. plantarum diet and control diet, and had increased by 76.3% and 136.6%, and 57.1% and 113.3%, respectively, compared to those fed the control diet. The phagocytic activity (PA), phagocytic index (PI), and respiratory bursts of head kidney leucocytes of fish fed 10(6), 10(8), and 10(10) cfu kg(-1)L. plantarum diets were significantly higher than those of fish fed the control diet after 4 weeks of feeding, and increased 2.2-, 2.2-, and 2.3-fold; 1.8-, 1.8-, and 2.0-fold; and 1.4-, 1.4-, and 1.4-fold, respectively, compared to the control group. We therefore recommend dietary L. plantarum administration at 10(8) cfu kg(-1) to promote growth and enhance immunity and resistance against Streptococcus sp. and an iridovirus of E. coioides.
Fish & Shellfish Immunology | 2010
Kuan-Fu Liu; Chiu-Hsia Chiu; Ya-Li Shiu; Winton Cheng; Chun-Hung Liu
In this study, the probiotic, Bacillus subtilis E20, isolated from the human health food, natto, was used for white shrimp, Litopenaeus vannamei, larvae breeding to improve the larval survival rate and development by adding probiotic to the rearing water at (control), 10(8), and 10(9) cfu L(-1) salt water once every 3 days during the 14 days of breeding experiment. Thereafter, stress tolerance and immune status of postlarvae were evaluated. Shrimp larval development was significantly accelerated after adding the probiotic to the larval rearing water at a level of 10(9) cfu L(-1). The survival rate of larvae was significantly higher in the treatment with 10(9) cfu L(-1) compared to the control and the treatment with 10(8) cfu L(-1) after all larvae had metamorphosed to postlarvae. Adding the probiotic to the shrimp larvae rearing water produced a weak inhibition of bacterial growth by an analysis of the total bacterial count and presumptive Vibrio count. For stress tests, no postlarvae died when they were reared in water in which the temperature was decreased from 30 to 2 degrees C at a rate of 0.1 degrees C min(-1). Postlarvae had significantly lower cumulate mortality in the treatments with 10(8) and 10(9) cfu L(-1) compared to the control when they were suddenly exposed to fresh water and 60 per thousand salt water. A significant decrease in the cumulative mortality of postlarvae treated with the probiotic at a level of 10(9) cfu L(-1) was recorded after the sudden transfer to 300 mg L(-1) nitrite-N compared to the control and treatment with 10(8) cfu L(-1). The analysis of immune-related gene expressions showed that the gene expression of prophenoloxidase I, prophenoloxidase II, and lysozyme of larvae were significantly increased after being reared in probiotic-containing water at the levels of 10(8) and 10(9) cfu L(-1). However, no significant difference in serine proteinase or glutathione peroxidase gene expressions was recorded in this study. It is therefore suggested that 10(9) cfu L(-1) of probiotic, B. subtilis E20 adding to rearing water for shrimp larva breeding.
Fish & Shellfish Immunology | 2010
Chiu-Hsia Chiu; Chih-Hsin Cheng; Wen-Ren Gua; Yuan-Kuang Guu; Winton Cheng
The percent weight gain (PWG) and feeding efficiency (FE) of Epinephelus coioides were calculated. The survival of Saccharomyces cerevisiae P13 in the posterior intestines using a specific primer pair of YMR245w-F/YMR245w-R, non-specific immune parameters of grouper, and its susceptibility to Streptococcus sp. and an iridovirus were determined when the fish were fed diets containing S. cerevisiae at 0 (control), 10(3), 10(5), or 10(7) colony-forming units (cfu) kg(-1) for 4 weeks. Results showed that grouper fed a diet containing S. cerevisiae at the levels of 10(3), 10(5), and 10(7) cfu kg(-1) had significantly increased PGW and FE especially in the 10(7) cfu kg(-1) group which were 211.6% and 1.2, respectively. S. cerevisiae was able to survive in the fish posterior intestines during the S. cerevisiae feeding period. Fish fed a diet containing S. cerevisiae at 10(7) cfu kg(-1) had significantly higher survival rates than those fed the 10(3) cfu kg(-1)S. cerevisiae diet and the control diet after challenge with Streptococcus sp. and an iridovirus, with increased survival rates of 26.6% and 36.6%, respectively, compared to the challenge control group. The phagocytic activity, respiratory burst and superoxide dismutase (SOD) level of head kidney leucocytes as well as serum lysozyme activity and serum alternative complement activity (ACH(50)) of fish fed diets containing S. cerevisiae at 10(5) and 10(7) cfu kg(-1) were significantly higher than those of fish fed the 10(3) cfu kg(-1)S. cerevisiae-contained diet and the control diets after 4 weeks of feeding, and had increased by 20% and 20%, 27.6% and 19.7%, 30.5% and 36.2%, 205.8% and 169.6%, and 90.8% and 80.3%, respectively, compared to the control group. We therefore recommend dietary S. cerevisiae administration of 10(5) and 10(7) cfu kg(-1) to E. coioides to promote growth and enhance immunity and resistance against Streptococcus sp. and an iridovirus especially in the 10(7) cfu kg(-1) group.
2015 International Conference on Science and Technology (TICST) | 2015
Atsadawut Areesirisuk; Chiu-Hsia Chiu; Tsair-Bor Yen; Chun-Hung Liu; Sirikhae Pongswat; Jia-Hsin Guo
Microbial oil production by a novel oleaginous yeast Pseudozyma parantarctica CHC28 was studied using glucose as the main carbon source, in order to investigate its growth, oil production and fatty acid characterization among various glucose concentrations. Batch cultivations demonstrated that there was no significantly inhibitory effect at 100 g/L glucose. Moreover, the highest oil production and oil content of P. parantarctica CHC28 were obtained for 10.99 g/L and 49.66 %dry weight, respectively at 100 g/L glucose. During 120 and 150 g/L glucose, these values were not significantly increased. Furthermore, the fatty acid compositions of P. parantarctica CHC28 were also investigated in this study. The long-chain fatty acids (C16 to C18) were main fatty acids in all conditions, which were ranged between 86.62% and 90.79%. The short-chain fatty acids (carbon less than 14 atoms) were decreased while very long-chain fatty acid (carbon over than 20 atoms) were increased with increasing glucose level. The percentages of saturated (SFA), mono-(MUFA), poly-(PUFA), and total unsaturated fatty acid (TUFA) in crude oil were affected with the concentration of glucose (carbon source). The percentages SFA were significantly increased together with increasing of glucose level. The percentages of MUFA (C16:1 and C18:1 as main fatty acids) and PUFA were significantly decreased under high glucose concentration. Although high TUFA could lower the stability of fuel, the cultivation of P. parantarctica CHC28 under high carbon source could improve the stability of biodiesel.
Taiwanese Journal of Agricultural Chemistry and Food Science | 2010
Kanintra Suwanmanon; Chitsiri Rachtanapun; Somjit Surapat; Chiu-Hsia Chiu; Yuan-Kuang Guu
The objective of this study was to investigate the antimicrobial activities of essential oils (EO) and spice extracts of the plants popularly used in Thai cuisines, namely galangal (Alpinia galanga (Linn.) Stuntz.), finger root (Boesenbergia pandurata Roxb.), lemongrass (Cymbopogon citrates) and torch ginger (Etlingera elatior). The plant extracts were prepared using steam distillation, supercritical fluid extraction (SFE) and conventional Soxhlet extraction techniques. Results demonstrated that galangal extracted by SFE and Soxhlet extraction techniques showed stronger antimicrobial activity against Staphylococcus aureus and Listeria monocytogenes than those of finger root, lemongrass and torch ginger, respectively. Escherichia coli and Salmonella typhimurium, as well as Gram-positive pathogenic bacteria, such as S. aureus and L. monocytogenes, were sensitive to lemongrass EO.
Fish & Shellfish Immunology | 2007
Chiu-Hsia Chiu; Yuan-Kuang Guu; Chun-Hung Liu; Tzu-Ming Pan; Winton Cheng
Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology | 2006
Chiu-Hsia Chiu; Tzu-Yu Lu; Yun-Yu Tseng; Tzu-Ming Pan
Fish & Shellfish Immunology | 2012
Chun-Hung Liu; Chiu-Hsia Chiu; Shi-Wei Wang; Winton Cheng
Journal of Industrial Microbiology & Biotechnology | 2004
Fu-Mei Lin; Chiu-Hsia Chiu; Tzu-Ming Pan
Aquaculture Research | 2015
Ya-Li Shiu; Shu-Ling Hsieh; Wang-Chen Guei; Ying-Tsai Tsai; Chiu-Hsia Chiu; Chun-Hung Liu