Cristina Gouvêa Redin

ARBORIZAÇÃO DO CAMPUS DA UNIVERSIDADE FEDERAL DE SANTA MARIA E CONSCIENTIZAÇÃO DA COMUNIDADE ACADÊMICA

Este trabalho teve como objetivo a conscientizacao da comunidade academica da Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, RS, no que se refere a importância da utilizacao de especies arboreas adequadas em espacos publicos. A densidade de arvores e a riqueza de especies foram avaliadas. Foram identificados conflitos na arborizacao e propostas medidas para soluciona-los. Os seguintes dados foram levantados: especie arborea; altura (m), CAP (cm); existencia ou nao de fiacao aerea; relacao dos exemplares com recuo de edificacoes (m); existencia de elementos arquitetonicos; avaliacao do efeito do sistema radicular; e; presenca ou ausencia de area livre adequada (1 m 2 ). Verificou-se a presenca de 1270 exemplares, distribuidos em 75 especies, 60 generos e 32 familias botânicas. As especies mais abundantes foram Handroanthus chrysotrichus , Peltophorum dubium , Tipuana tipu , Handroanthus heptaphyllus e Ligustrum japonicum . A partir deste trabalho, observaram-se conflitos em relacao ao porte inadequado de arvores aliados a pequena dimensao de area livre, e a utilizacao de especies exoticas em restricao de nativas, que quando utilizadas agregam valor de diversidade a paisagem. A educacao ambiental tecnica e fundamental na resolucao destes problemas, pois promove a conscientizacao da comunidade a respeito das especies arboreas adequadas e da maneira correta de se realizar o plantio em cada situacao.

GRAZING CHANGES THE SOIL-PLANT RELATIONSHIP IN THE TREE-REGENERATION STRATUM IN THE PAMPA OF SOUHTERN BRAZIL

Despite being prominent in flora, the region of the Parque Estadual do Espinilho located in the Pampas of southern Brazil, where dense herbaceous stratum and isolated trees make this region suitable for livestock farming, has received little attention. The objective of the study was to analyze floristic and edaphic changes imposed by livestock farming in two areas of the park, the first under livestock grazing and the second protected from grazing (livestock-excluded) for five years. We evaluated soil physical properties of and the herbaceous aboveground biomass in order to investigate relationships with key regenerating tree species. A sampling unit of 2ha was installed in both areas, each composed of 200 subunits. Inventory of regenerating trees and herbaceous aboveground biomass, soil sampling, and soil penetration resistance tests were done in 50 subunits. The results, which were evaluated by Student’s t-test, exhibited variations between the two areas in regards to floristic and environmental factors. The abundance of the P. affinis and V. caven species and the variables of soil penetration resistance, soil bulk density, gravimetric moisture and herbaceous aboveground biomass differ significantly between the two areas. Principal coordinates analysis (PCoA) allows to infer that variables such as soil bulk density, penetration resistance and the abundance of V. caven species exhibit higher values in the area under gazing, while gravimetric moisture, aboveground biomass and abundance of P. affinis are higher in the area under livestock-excluded, showing that significant changes occur over just five years of livestock-excluded from the area.

ANÁLISE QUALI-QUANTITATIVA DA ARBORIZAÇÃO DO MUNICÍPIO DE GUATAMBU,SC

This work aimed to evaluate the density of trees, wealth of species and possible afforestationconflicts in the city of Guatambu, suggesting alternative measures to solve the existing problems.In this sense, some data were lifted Up, such as: the arboreal species; height (m), BHC (cm);distance among the trees; sanity; and presence or absence of appropriate free area (1 m²). Thedata were collected on specific forms and transferred to specific spreadsheet. It was registered theexistence of 80 individuals, distributed in 9 species, 9 genders and 7 botanical families. The mostabundant species were Ligustrum lucidum e Balforodendrum riedelianum. The biggest conflictsobserved were the unsuitable tree sizes concerning the small free area dimension and the use ofyoung trees. Thus, the use of exotic species in restriction to native ones decreases the diversityrate of the landscape.