Daniela Centenaro Levandowski

A interaçäo pai-bebê entre pais adolescentes e adultos

Although many studies have investigated adolescent motherhood, only a few have focused on adolescent fatherhood. It is believed that since the adolescent already has several tasks to deal with concerning his own adolescent period, he would be overwhelmed by the additional tasks regarding fatherhood. As a result, his interaction with his baby would be less responsive than an adult father´s. This study aimed at examining possible differences between adolescent and adult fathers´ interaction with their 3-month-old baby. Twenty fathers, 9 adolescents and 11 adults, participated in the study. A home observation of the father-baby interaction was carried out when the baby was 3 months old. The analyses did not reveal significant differences between adolescent and adult fathers´ interaction with the baby. These results suggest that age is not necessarily a determinant factor of father´s responsivity towards his baby. Contrary to the initial hypothesis, the adolescents were as responsive to the baby as the adult fathers.

Paternidade na adolescência: uma breve revisão da literatura internacional

Este trabalho teve como objetivo revisar os artigos publicados no periodo de 1990 a 1999 sobre o tema da paternidade adolescente em âmbito internacional. A partir de uma consulta a base de dados Psyclit, utilizando termos descritores relacionados ao assunto, verificou-se a incidencia de estudos sobre a paternidade e a maternidade em geral, e a paternidade e maternidade adolescentes. Apos isso, foi feita a identificacao dos resumos dos artigos que se referiam diretamente a pais adolescentes, encontrando-se apenas 68 resumos. Estes foram classificados de acordo com o tema investigado e alguns aspectos metodologicos. Constata-se a carencia de estudos sobre o tema em questao, quando comparados aos estudos sobre o tema da paternidade em geral e da maternidade adolescente. Alem disso, a necessidade de se investigar de forma mais aprofundada expectativas e sentimentos destes adolescentes, sua relacao conjugal, com a familia de origem e com o bebe. Instrumentos como testes, observacao e entrevistas poderiam ser utilizados de forma mais sistematica.

Expectativas e sentimentos de pais em relação ao bebê durante a gestação

According to the psychoanalytical, theoretical framework, the father-infant relationship established during pregnancy, through the construction of a mental image of the infant andthrough father-infant interaction, has important consequences for the father-infant relationship after the birth. The aim of this study was to investigate the expectations and feelings of the father-to-be regarding his baby. Thirty-five first-time fathers, aged 21 to 40, who lived with the babys mothers, participated in this study. The mothers were all primiparas. The fathers were interviewed individually at home. An analysis of qualitative content revealed that few fathers reported difficulties in imagining the baby. In general, they showed that they had already constructed a mental image of the baby, imagining its physical and psychological characteristics, as well as its sex. They also participated in the choice of the babys name and expressed concerns as to the childs health.

Variáveis psicossociais e desempenho em leitura de crianças de baixo nível socioeconômico

This longitudinal study investigated the impact of psychosocial factors on reading performance of children with low socioeconomic status. Fifty nine mothers and their children at 4 months, 2, 5-6 and 9-11 years of age participated. The childrens reading performance was correlated with psychosocial variables. Negative correlations were found between maternal psychiatric morbidity in early childhood and reading of irregular words, and between the number of family members living with the child at 2 and 5-6 years and word reading performance. Family income at 2 years correlated positively with reading comprehension. However, only the number of family members who lived with the child was a predictor of reading performance. The results indicate that reading performance is related to psychosocial factors.

Motor Improvement Using Motion Sensing Game Devices for Cerebral Palsy Rehabilitation

ABSTRACT The authors aimed to investigate the effects of an intervention based on interactive game set with the movement sensor Kinect on children with cerebral palsy (CP). Twenty-eight participants were recruited. Their age was between 3 and 12 years old, and rated as level I, II, or III on the Gross Motor Function Classification System. They played two games from the Xbox 360 Kinect system and were evaluated using the Gross Motor Function Measure (GMFM) after a period of 8 weeks. The intervention led to significant motor function improvement as increase of the global scores on the GMFM (p < .001). Rehabilitation interventions using the Xbox 360 Kinect interactive games may represent useful tools for children with CP.

Protective Factors in the Experience of Pregnancy and Motherhood Among Brazilian Adolescents Living With HIV: A Case-Series Report

&NA; Pregnancy, motherhood, and HIV infection in adolescence are events with relevant biological, psychological, and social implications for mothers, their babies, and families. Our study aimed to identify protective factors of the experience of pregnancy and motherhood among young mothers living with HIV, highlighting similarities and differences. A mixed method multiple‐case study was conducted with three young primiparous mothers (ages 17 to 19 years), whose babies were 4 to 6 months old. Participants were recruited from specialized care services in Porto Alegre, Brazil. Data were collected using social support and adherence‐to‐treatment questionnaires and a semi‐structured interview. The following protective factors were identified: positive feelings about motherhood, positive assessments of received care and couple relationships, disclosure of HIV diagnosis to family members, family support, and accountability for infant care. Longitudinal studies would enhance the understanding of these factors, particularly if carried out with adolescents of different ages and focused on coping strategies.

Resiliência e psicanálise: aspectos teóricos e possibilidades de investigação

A resiliencia e um conceito do campo da saude que analisa os recursos saudaveis do individuo frente a situacoes adversas. Discutir suas possibilidades em diferentes contextos teoricos e clinicos constitui um debate construtivo e necessario. O presente trabalho apresenta os pressupostos deste conceito e discute as possibilidades de analise da resiliencia segundo a perspectiva psicanalitica. Essa perspectiva investiga a resiliencia atraves da analise dos aspectos intrapsiquicos do individuo, possibilitando uma nova interpretacao do conceito.

Ausência Paterna e suas Repercussões para o Adolescente: Revisando a Literatura DOI 10.5752/P.1678-9563.2010v16n2p295

Resumo Este estudo objetivou analisar estudos empiricos publicados entre 1998 a 2008 sobre a ausencia paterna e suas repercussoes para o adolescente. Foi realizada uma busca em quatro bases de dados (PsycInfo, LILACS, Scielo e Pubmed), utilizando como termos descritores: ausencia paterna, paternidade, pais nao residentes, relacoes familiares e adolescencia. Foram identificados apenas 16 estudos (14 internacionais e 2 brasileiros), cuja tematica foi classificada como ausencia paterna prolongada. A maioria deles apresentou carater quantitativo e longitudinal. De modo geral, foi possivel perceber que a ausencia paterna pode trazer prejuizos ao desenvolvimento afetivo e social dos adolescentes. Importantes repercussoes da ausencia ocorrem tambem no funcionamento familiar. Constatou-se a carencia de estudos nacionais sobre essa questao no periodo considerado, sugerindo-se a investigacao da qualidade da relacao pai-filho nos casos de ausencia paterna temporaria, bem como da qualidade do tempo de convivencia entre eles. Palavras-chave: ausencia paterna; adolescencia; analise da literatura. Abstract This investigation aimed to analyze empirical studies about paternal absence and its repercussions on adolescents, published between 1998 and 2008. A research was conducted in four databases (PsycInfo, LILACS, Scielo and Pubmed), using the following key-words: paternal absence, fatherhood, non-resident fathers, family relationships and adolescence. Only sixteen studies were identified (two in Brazil, and fourteen published abroad), whose themes were classified as prolonged paternal absence. Most of those studies were of a quantitative and longitudinal nature. In general, it was possible to perceive that paternal absence can damage the adolescents’ affective and social development. Important repercussions of that absence also occur in family functioning. Only a few Brazilian studies on this issue during the period considered were identified, suggesting the need for further studies on the quality of father-adolescent relationships in the case of temporary paternal absence, as well as on the quality of the time they spend together. Keywords: paternal absence; adolescence; analysis of the literature. Resumen Este estudio tuvo como objetivo examinar los estudios empiricos publicados entre 1998 y 2008 sobre la ausencia del padre y su impacto en el adolescente. Para ello, se realizo una busqueda en cuatro bases de datos (PsycINFO, LILACS, SciELO y Pubmed), utilizando como palabras clave: ausencia del padre, paternidad, padres no residentes, familia y adolescencia. Se identificaron solamente 16 estudios (catorce internacionales y dos nacionales), con uma tematica clasificada como la ausencia prolongada del padre. La mayoria de ellos presento un caracter cuantitativo y longitudinal. En general, se observo que la ausencia del padre puede perjudicar el desarrollo social y emocional de los adolescentes. Importantes repercusiones de esta ausencia tambien se producen en el funcionamiento familiar. Debido a la falta de estudios nacionales sobre este asunto durante el periodo considerado, fue necesario investigar la calidad de la relacion padre-hijo en los casos de ausencia temporal del padre, y el tiempo de convivencia entre ellos. Palabras clave: ausencia del padre; adolescencia; revision de literatura. Texto recebido em fevereiro e aprovado para publicacao em setembro.

Virtual reality technology for rehabilitation of cerebral palsy: a literature review

Cerebral palsy (CP) is a non-progressive encephalopathy that causes changes in muscle tone, posture and movement. The importance of early rehabilitation intervention is widely recognized, and new treatment tools such as computational technologies have been added for rehabilitation. The use of computational virtual reality games raises the possibility to control the training intensity as well as to observe the progress and direct monitoring control over patients’ activities. Additionally, some studies have shown the effectiveness of these systems in improving the management of tasks for patients with various levels of encephalopathy. Based on the assumptions above, the objective of this review was to discuss the literature on the use of such technologies in the rehabilitation of CP patients. The potential use of VR in rehabilitation of CP patients is clear. There is, however, a reduced number of randomized trials to sustain whether these methods may effectively act as a complement for physical and/or neuro-cognitive rehabilitation or work as a replacement for the traditional rehabilitation methods.

Oficina sobre sexualidade e namoro para pré-adolescentes

O presente trabalho tem por objetivo relatar as atividades realizadas em oficinas sobre sexualidade e namoro para pre-adolescentes, alunos de escolas publicas municipais e estaduais da cidade de Caxias do Sul-RS, no Programa Comunitario Cidadao do Seculo XXI. Tais oficinas visavam a troca de experiencias e a reflexao sobre as acoes e escolhas relativas ao exercicio da sexualidade. Os encontros foram organizados de forma ludica, por meio de dinâmicas de grupo ou atividades dirigidas, como leitura e discussao de textos e filmes, abordando temas diversos. Destaca-se a importância de acoes de natureza preventiva para reduzir os riscos psicossociais, abrindo oportunidades para o desenvolvimento saudavel dos adolescentes.This paper reports activities carried out in workshops addressing sexuality and dating directed to adolescent students of public schools in Caxias do Sul/RS, Brazil included in the program Comunitario Cidadao do Seculo XXI (21 st Century Citizen Community). These workshops aimed to enable the exchange of experiences and reflection about sexuality-related actions and choices. The meetings were organized with a ludic approach, through group dynamics and directed activities such as reading and discussions on texts and movies, addressing several themes. The need to implement preventive actions to reduce psychosocial risk factors, giving these individuals opportunities to achieve healthy development is highlighted.