Giana Bitencourt Frizzo

Interação mãe-bebê em contexto de depressão materna: aspectos teóricos e empíricos

The aim of the present study was to review the literature on mother-infant interaction in the context of maternal depression. Particularly, it aimed to examine several factors that could mediate the maternal depression impact on infant development, such as the childs age and temperament, the chronicity of the maternal depression episode and the depressed mothers interaction style. The literature reviewed shows that depression affects not only the mother, but also the baby and even the father, because of its influence on the family context. Some studies also suggest that the fathers presence, as wel l as, the absence of marital conflict , may buffer the maternal depression effects on the baby.

Práticas educativas de pais e mães de crianças aos 18 meses de idade

The present study investigated eventual differences in educative practices of mothers and fathers of 18-month-old children. Thirty-four families of different socioeconomic levels who had only one child took part in the study. The mothers and fathers answered separately an interview on educative practices involving six daily situations of the child. The content analysis revealed a predominance of inductive practices reported both by mothers and fathers, followed by coercitive and non-interference practices. However, no significant differences were found between the practices mentioned by mothers and fathers, or between the different socioeconomic levels in none of the examined categories. The results are discussed taking into consideration the repercussions of the appearance of assertiveness and of the initial phase of language development of the children on parental educative practices.

Depressão materna e a interação triádica pai-mãe-bebê

This study examined the eventual differences in triadic (father-mother-baby) and dyadic (mother-baby, father-baby and father-mother) interaction in families with and without maternal depression, with one-year old babies, during a free-play session. Nineteen families participated in the study, 9 with maternal depression and 10 without. The triadic and the dyadic patterns of interaction were examined using a protocol with several categories. Contradicting the hypothesis of the study, there were no significant differences in the interactions among families with and without maternal depression. But when analyzing the dyadic interactions, in each group of families, there were some significant differences only in the group without maternal depression. In families with maternal depression, only the cognitive stimulation category was significantly more intense, indicating that despite the depression, the mother could provide adequate stimulation for their babies. On the whole, the results suggest that maternal depression may cause changes, even subtle, in the family pattern of interaction.

Psicoterapia breve pais-bebê: revisando a literatura

Este artigo apresenta uma revisao da literatura a respeito da psicoterapia breve pais-bebe. Inicialmente sao apresentados aspectos historicos, desde o surgimento da psicoterapia breve, passando pelas formulacoes teoricas que enfatizaram a importância das relacoes iniciais pais-bebe ate a constituicao do campo da psicoterapia breve pais-bebe propriamente dita. Constata-se que varias abordagens compoem o panorama atual das psicoterapias pais-bebe, as quais apresentam uma ampla diversidade de referenciais teoricos e tecnicos. Foram tambem revisados, em particular, estudos empiricos sobre a utilizacao dessa abordagem no contexto da depressao materna. Por fim, apresentam-se os procedimentos utilizados pelos autores deste artigo em uma pesquisa em andamento envolvendo o atendimento psicoterapico breve pais-bebe em familias com maes deprimidas. Essa abordagem tem se mostrado efetiva na promocao de um melhor relacionamento mae-pai-bebe na presenca sintomas depressivos da mae.

Child-Rearing Values in Southern Brazil: Mutual Influences of Social Class and Parents’ Perceptions of Their Children’s Development

The authors examine social-class differences in parents’ child-rearing values for autonomy, self-direction, and conformity and the extent to which their values are influenced by their perceptions of their developing children’s characteristics. Parents from 25 middle-class or working-class families in a Brazilian city participated in interviews, observations, and completed Kohn’s Q-Sort measure when their children were 3, 36, and 72 months of age. Parents’ child-rearing values differed significantly by social class: middle-class parents were more likely to value autonomy and self-direction in their children, whereas working-class parents were more likely to value conformity. In addition, the strength and direction of parental values changed significantly as their children developed. Parents were less likely to value autonomy and self-direction when their children were 36 months than when they were either 3 or 72 months. Middle-class parents were more likely to value conformity when their children were 36 than when they were younger or older.

Evolução dos modelos de pesquisa em psicoterapia

Abstract This study presents a non-systematic review of literature on psychotherapy assessment studies, describing and discussing the th ree mainfeatures for its undertaking: efficiency, effectiveness and process. The results showed a significant evolution in the developm ent of researchon the subject beginning with pioneering studies, progressing through efficiency and effectiveness studies (which are still cur rent and dominant)and arriving at the study of the psychotherapy process, especially through case studies conducted in a variety of fashions. How ever, it mayalso be observed that many doubts and unanswered questions persist in the psychotherapy assessment research field. New investig ationsinto the psychotherapeutic process may help to close these gaps.Uniterms : Psychotherapy. Efficiency. Effectiveness and psychotherapeutic process. 1 Apoio: Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cientifico e Tecnologico (Projeto no 481594/2004-3). 2 Complexo de Ensino Superior de Ca choeirinha. R. Silverio Manoel da Silva, 160, Colinas, 94940-243, Cachoeirinha, RS, Brasil. Corr espondenciapara/

Depressão pós-parto: evidências a partir de dois casos clínicos

The present study investigated the conjugality in two families in which the wife had postpartum depression, according to the Beck Depression Inventory and a diagnostic interview. The husbands did not have depression. A case-study design was used in order to analyze how conjugality was being experienced in this context. The interviews were individually conducted with both members of the couple. They were audiotaped and transcribed. The results revealed that the conjugality was being experienced with difficulties in both families, but in a particular way in each case, especially regarding the communication between the couple and the structure of the matrimonial relationship. The results corroborated with the literature, which associates the depression with difficulties in the conjugality, but they indicate that there are different aspects that may be affected in each family.

A atenção e o cuidado à gravidez na adolescência nos âmbitos familiar, político e na sociedade: uma revisão da literatura

O presente trabalho pretendeu analisar a questao da gravidez na adolescencia, observando o modo como familia, politica e sociedade tem cuidado dessas jovens. Para tanto, foi realizada uma revisao sistematica da literatura cientifica nacional com acesso livre nas principais bases de dados entre os anos de 1998 a 2008. Os resultados apontaram dificuldades de comunicacao entre cada uma das tres esferas estudadas e as adolescentes, fato que vem acarretando um deficit na orientacao dos adolescentes que nao tem encontrado, na familia, na sociedade ou nas politicas publicas a clareza necessaria para fazer escolhas mais conscientes e assertivas. Alem disso, muitos estudos tem sugerido estrategias de enfrentamento em relacao a engravidar durante a adolescencia, mas esses achados nao tem sido traduzidos em acoes ou projetos. Percebe-se que, tanto a adolescencia quanto a gravidez nessa etapa da vida, ainda ocupam um lugar confuso na familia, politica e sociedade e pode-se dizer que, no Brasil, tambem nao esta claro o papel de cada uma dessas esferas para atender e cuidar dessa populacao.

Depressão pós-parto :

The present study investigated the conjugality in two families in which the wife had postpartum depression, according to the Beck Depression Inventory and a diagnostic interview. The husbands did not have depression. A case-study design was used in order to analyze how conjugality was being experienced in this context. The interviews were individually conducted with both members of the couple. They were audiotaped and transcribed. The results revealed that the conjugality was being experienced with difficulties in both families, but in a particular way in each case, especially regarding the communication between the couple and the structure of the matrimonial relationship. The results corroborated with the literature, which associates the depression with difficulties in the conjugality, but they indicate that there are different aspects that may be affected in each family.

Parenthood in the context of maternal depression at the end of the infant's first year of life

The present study investigated parenthood in the context of maternal depression, at the end of the first year of the infants life. The participants of the study were 22 families, from different socioeconomic levels, divided into two groups, one with mothers who did not present indicators of depression (n=12) and another group with mothers who did (n=10), based on the Beck Depression Inventory. All the mothers were primiparous and lived with the childs father, the babies were approximately 12 months of age. The mothers and fathers participated in an interview that investigated several parenting aspects. Qualitative content analysis of the interviews indicated that, compared to the group without depression, the depressed mothers, as well as their husbands, reported more difficulties regarding division tasks, financial concerns, and divergences and conflicts in child care. These results corroborate other studies which emphasized that the presence of indicators of maternal depression can cause difficulties in parenting.