Daniele Ferreira Acosta

Perfil das ocorrências policiais de violência contra a mulher

OBJECTIVE: To know the profile of women who formalized a police report at a specialized womens police station and to identify forms of violence suffered by them. METHODS: A cross-sectional study was conducted with 902 police reports. The data collection instrument was based on selected social and demographic variables of the victims and aggressors, and data related to the type of violence. Descriptive statistic analysis was performed by using SPSS® version 17.0. RESULTS: The profile was composed of young white women, with low educational levels, living in the suburbs. Over half of the reports contained complaints of physical violence, especially attempts of strangulation. Regarding sexual violence, we identified a predominance of rape committed by strangers or intimate partners. Psychological violence was reported in the occurrence of noncompliance to court orders as a new form of violence against women. The findings emphasized the recurrence of police reports by the same victim. CONCLUSION: The profile of women identified among the 902 police reports did not differ from the one described in the literature, and the forms of violence suffered were of a physical, sexual and psychological nature.

VIOLÊNCIA CONTRA A MULHER POR PARCEIRO ÍNTIMO: (IN) VISIBILIDADE DO PROBLEMA

The objective is to identify the reasons behind violence against women and describe the acts perpetrated by an intimate partner. Documentary study, qualitative conducted at the Special Police Service to Women. We analyzed 902 occurrences between August/2009 and December/2011, whose victims had at least eighteen years old. We collected the data of occurrences, transcribing literally, stories of the victims and treating it them through the content analysis. It was observed as triggers of violence: male supremacy as a generator of suffering and submission; problems arising from drug use, problems related to children and division of assets. The severity was scaled for the consequences to the victim and their family. The nursing staff as part of the support network , need to understand this phenomenon as a health problem and strive to break through the barriers that impede effective and efficient service , assisting in the strengthening of womens autonomy and including men in combat actions and prevention of violence against women. DESCRIPTORS: Domestic violence. Violence against women. Gender and health. Nursing. Public health.

The effects, beliefs and practices of puerperal women's self-care

The objective of this exploratory-descriptive study was to identify the beliefs, effects and practices that permeate womens self-care during puerperium. The participants were fifteen puerperal women from Rio Grande/RS. Data collection was performed in September and October of 2010 using semi-structured interviews, performed between fifteen and thirty days postpartum. Thematic analysis was used. Two categories emerged regarding self-care during puerperium, which was performed based on the family guidance received at home. One referred to restrictions, or activities that should be avoided to prevent harm; the other involved encouragement, i.e., practices that promoted benefits to the puerperal woman or newborn. This study shows the importance of professionals being aware of the quarantine period, as it is a cultural heritage that remains in effect today. In conclusion, common knowledge is highly valued by these women, and despite the need for scientific evidence supporting such knowledge it was not a trigger for problems in either the mothers or infants in this study.Objetivou-se neste estudo exploratorio-descritivo conhecer as crencas, influencias e praticas que permeiam o autocuidado das mulheres no puerperio. Foram informantes quinze puerperas de Rio Grande-RS. Colheram-se os dados em setembro e outubro de 2010, com entrevistas semiestruturadas, realizadas entre quinze e trinta dias pos-parto. Adotou-se a analise tematica para o tratamento dos dados. Fundamentadas no cuidado/autocuidado durante o puerperio, o qual provinha da orientacao familiar realizada em âmbito domestico, delinearam-se duas categorias: uma referente a restricoes, aquilo que devia ser evitado por gerar maleficios; outra envolvendo incentivos, ou seja, praticas que traziam beneficios a puerpera ou ao recem-nascido. Este estudo mostra a importância dos profissionais terem consciencia a respeito da quarentena, pois e uma heranca cultural que ainda perdura nos dias atuais. Concluiu-se que o saber popular e muito valorizado por essas mulheres e, embora careca de embasamento cientifico, nao se mostrou como desencadeador de problemas ao binomio mae-bebe.

The representations of adolescents about gynecological consultation

Objetivo: Analisar as representacoes sociais de adolescentes acerca da consulta ginecologica e a influencia dessas representacoes na procura pela consulta. Metodo: Estudo qualitativo descritivo fundamentado na Teoria das Representacoes Sociais, realizado com 50 adolescentes que cursavam o ultimo ano do ensino fundamental. Os dados foram colhidos entre abril e maio de 2010 por meio de Evocacoes e Grupo Focal. Utilizou-se o software EVOC e analise contextual no tratamento dos mesmos. Resultados: Os elementos medo e constrangedor, constantes no nucleo central, podem justificar a baixa frequencia de adolescentes nas consultas. No sistema periferico o termo vergonha reforca normas socioculturais vigentes, enquanto prevencao, associado a aprender sobre sexo e esclarecer duvidas, permitem vislumbrar uma funcao educativa. Depoimentos obtidos nos grupos focais exemplificam e reforcam esses achados. Conclusao: Para uma educacao em saude efetiva, os profissionais, especialmente enfermeiros, precisam esclarecer os jovens, em nivel individual e coletivo, sobre seus direitos a privacidade, sigilo, alem de enfocar a consulta ginecologica como medida promotora da saude sexual e reprodutiva.OBJECTIVE To analyze the social representation of adolescents about gynecological consultation and the influence of those in searching for consultations. METHOD Qualitative descriptive study based on the Social Representations Theory, conducted with 50 adolescents in their last year of middle school. The data was collected between April and May of 2010 by Evocations and a Focal Group. The software EVOC and contextual analysis were used in the data treatment. RESULTS The elements fear and constraint, constant in the central nucleus, can justify the low frequency of adolescents in consultations. The term embarrassment in the peripheral system reinforce current sociocultural norms, while prevention, associated with learning about sex and clarifying doubts, allows to envision an educative function. Obtained testimonies in the focal groups exemplify and reinforce those findings. CONCLUSION For an effective health education, professionals, including nurses, need to clarify the youth individually and collectively about their rights to privacy, secrecy, in addition to focus the gynecological consultation as a promotion measure to sexual and reproductive health.

Influências, crenças e práticas no autocuidado das puérperas

The objective of this exploratory-descriptive study was to identify the beliefs, effects and practices that permeate womens self-care during puerperium. The participants were fifteen puerperal women from Rio Grande/RS. Data collection was performed in September and October of 2010 using semi-structured interviews, performed between fifteen and thirty days postpartum. Thematic analysis was used. Two categories emerged regarding self-care during puerperium, which was performed based on the family guidance received at home. One referred to restrictions, or activities that should be avoided to prevent harm; the other involved encouragement, i.e., practices that promoted benefits to the puerperal woman or newborn. This study shows the importance of professionals being aware of the quarantine period, as it is a cultural heritage that remains in effect today. In conclusion, common knowledge is highly valued by these women, and despite the need for scientific evidence supporting such knowledge it was not a trigger for problems in either the mothers or infants in this study.Objetivou-se neste estudo exploratorio-descritivo conhecer as crencas, influencias e praticas que permeiam o autocuidado das mulheres no puerperio. Foram informantes quinze puerperas de Rio Grande-RS. Colheram-se os dados em setembro e outubro de 2010, com entrevistas semiestruturadas, realizadas entre quinze e trinta dias pos-parto. Adotou-se a analise tematica para o tratamento dos dados. Fundamentadas no cuidado/autocuidado durante o puerperio, o qual provinha da orientacao familiar realizada em âmbito domestico, delinearam-se duas categorias: uma referente a restricoes, aquilo que devia ser evitado por gerar maleficios; outra envolvendo incentivos, ou seja, praticas que traziam beneficios a puerpera ou ao recem-nascido. Este estudo mostra a importância dos profissionais terem consciencia a respeito da quarentena, pois e uma heranca cultural que ainda perdura nos dias atuais. Concluiu-se que o saber popular e muito valorizado por essas mulheres e, embora careca de embasamento cientifico, nao se mostrou como desencadeador de problemas ao binomio mae-bebe.

Representações sociais de enfermeiras acerca da violência doméstica contra a mulher: estudo com abordagem estrutural

Objetivo: Analisar a estrutura e os conteudos das representacoes sociais de enfermeiras acerca da violencia domestica contra a mulher. Metodos: Estudo qualitativo realizado com 100 enfermeiras entre maio/setembro de 2014 em dois hospitais de Rio Grande/RS. Colheram-se os dados por meio de evocacao-livre e entrevistas semiestruturadas. Foram tratados pelo software Evoc e analise contextual, respectivamente. Resultados: Observa-se uma representacao negativa com elementos nucleares aludindo as formas de violencia e ao seu julgamento, expresso em “agressao fisica” e “desrespeito”. Na periferia, “medo” revela tanto o sentimento das profissonais quanto das vitimas frente ao agressor, e “submissao” e pontuada como causa da violencia. Infere-se a possibilidade de um subgrupo com representacao diferenciada, frente ao termo “agressao verbal” na zona de contraste. Conclusoes: A visao centralizada nos agravos fisicos e na culpabilizacao da vitima pode limitar as acoes de cuidado, portanto e fundamental problematizar este objeto com profissionais da saude. Palavras-chave: Violencia contra a mulher. Enfermagem. Assistencia a saude. Cuidados de enfermagem.

Representações de adolescentes acerca da consulta ginecológica

Objetivo: Analisar as representacoes sociais de adolescentes acerca da consulta ginecologica e a influencia dessas representacoes na procura pela consulta. Metodo: Estudo qualitativo descritivo fundamentado na Teoria das Representacoes Sociais, realizado com 50 adolescentes que cursavam o ultimo ano do ensino fundamental. Os dados foram colhidos entre abril e maio de 2010 por meio de Evocacoes e Grupo Focal. Utilizou-se o software EVOC e analise contextual no tratamento dos mesmos. Resultados: Os elementos medo e constrangedor, constantes no nucleo central, podem justificar a baixa frequencia de adolescentes nas consultas. No sistema periferico o termo vergonha reforca normas socioculturais vigentes, enquanto prevencao, associado a aprender sobre sexo e esclarecer duvidas, permitem vislumbrar uma funcao educativa. Depoimentos obtidos nos grupos focais exemplificam e reforcam esses achados. Conclusao: Para uma educacao em saude efetiva, os profissionais, especialmente enfermeiros, precisam esclarecer os jovens, em nivel individual e coletivo, sobre seus direitos a privacidade, sigilo, alem de enfocar a consulta ginecologica como medida promotora da saude sexual e reprodutiva.OBJECTIVE To analyze the social representation of adolescents about gynecological consultation and the influence of those in searching for consultations. METHOD Qualitative descriptive study based on the Social Representations Theory, conducted with 50 adolescents in their last year of middle school. The data was collected between April and May of 2010 by Evocations and a Focal Group. The software EVOC and contextual analysis were used in the data treatment. RESULTS The elements fear and constraint, constant in the central nucleus, can justify the low frequency of adolescents in consultations. The term embarrassment in the peripheral system reinforce current sociocultural norms, while prevention, associated with learning about sex and clarifying doubts, allows to envision an educative function. Obtained testimonies in the focal groups exemplify and reinforce those findings. CONCLUSION For an effective health education, professionals, including nurses, need to clarify the youth individually and collectively about their rights to privacy, secrecy, in addition to focus the gynecological consultation as a promotion measure to sexual and reproductive health.

Representaciones de adolescentes sobre la consulta ginecológica

Objetivo: Analisar as representacoes sociais de adolescentes acerca da consulta ginecologica e a influencia dessas representacoes na procura pela consulta. Metodo: Estudo qualitativo descritivo fundamentado na Teoria das Representacoes Sociais, realizado com 50 adolescentes que cursavam o ultimo ano do ensino fundamental. Os dados foram colhidos entre abril e maio de 2010 por meio de Evocacoes e Grupo Focal. Utilizou-se o software EVOC e analise contextual no tratamento dos mesmos. Resultados: Os elementos medo e constrangedor, constantes no nucleo central, podem justificar a baixa frequencia de adolescentes nas consultas. No sistema periferico o termo vergonha reforca normas socioculturais vigentes, enquanto prevencao, associado a aprender sobre sexo e esclarecer duvidas, permitem vislumbrar uma funcao educativa. Depoimentos obtidos nos grupos focais exemplificam e reforcam esses achados. Conclusao: Para uma educacao em saude efetiva, os profissionais, especialmente enfermeiros, precisam esclarecer os jovens, em nivel individual e coletivo, sobre seus direitos a privacidade, sigilo, alem de enfocar a consulta ginecologica como medida promotora da saude sexual e reprodutiva.OBJECTIVE To analyze the social representation of adolescents about gynecological consultation and the influence of those in searching for consultations. METHOD Qualitative descriptive study based on the Social Representations Theory, conducted with 50 adolescents in their last year of middle school. The data was collected between April and May of 2010 by Evocations and a Focal Group. The software EVOC and contextual analysis were used in the data treatment. RESULTS The elements fear and constraint, constant in the central nucleus, can justify the low frequency of adolescents in consultations. The term embarrassment in the peripheral system reinforce current sociocultural norms, while prevention, associated with learning about sex and clarifying doubts, allows to envision an educative function. Obtained testimonies in the focal groups exemplify and reinforce those findings. CONCLUSION For an effective health education, professionals, including nurses, need to clarify the youth individually and collectively about their rights to privacy, secrecy, in addition to focus the gynecological consultation as a promotion measure to sexual and reproductive health.

Influencias, creencias y prácticas en el autocuidado de las puérperas

The objective of this exploratory-descriptive study was to identify the beliefs, effects and practices that permeate womens self-care during puerperium. The participants were fifteen puerperal women from Rio Grande/RS. Data collection was performed in September and October of 2010 using semi-structured interviews, performed between fifteen and thirty days postpartum. Thematic analysis was used. Two categories emerged regarding self-care during puerperium, which was performed based on the family guidance received at home. One referred to restrictions, or activities that should be avoided to prevent harm; the other involved encouragement, i.e., practices that promoted benefits to the puerperal woman or newborn. This study shows the importance of professionals being aware of the quarantine period, as it is a cultural heritage that remains in effect today. In conclusion, common knowledge is highly valued by these women, and despite the need for scientific evidence supporting such knowledge it was not a trigger for problems in either the mothers or infants in this study.Objetivou-se neste estudo exploratorio-descritivo conhecer as crencas, influencias e praticas que permeiam o autocuidado das mulheres no puerperio. Foram informantes quinze puerperas de Rio Grande-RS. Colheram-se os dados em setembro e outubro de 2010, com entrevistas semiestruturadas, realizadas entre quinze e trinta dias pos-parto. Adotou-se a analise tematica para o tratamento dos dados. Fundamentadas no cuidado/autocuidado durante o puerperio, o qual provinha da orientacao familiar realizada em âmbito domestico, delinearam-se duas categorias: uma referente a restricoes, aquilo que devia ser evitado por gerar maleficios; outra envolvendo incentivos, ou seja, praticas que traziam beneficios a puerpera ou ao recem-nascido. Este estudo mostra a importância dos profissionais terem consciencia a respeito da quarentena, pois e uma heranca cultural que ainda perdura nos dias atuais. Concluiu-se que o saber popular e muito valorizado por essas mulheres e, embora careca de embasamento cientifico, nao se mostrou como desencadeador de problemas ao binomio mae-bebe.