Danielle Chianca de Andrade Moraes

Association of alcohol and drug use and adherence to antiretroviral treatment

ABSTRACT Objective: to analyze the use of alcohol and drugs in people living with the human immunodeficiency virus and adherence to antiretroviral treatment. Method: quantitative, analytical study with 322 people living with the Human Immunodeficiency Virus assisted at the outpatient clinic of two public reference hospitals. For the collection of data related to adherence, the CEAT-HIV instrument was used. The ASSIST was used to evaluate the consumption of alcohol and other substances. A descriptive analysis of the sociodemographic characteristics was carried out and a database was created in the Program Epi Info 7, version 7.0.9. The values obtained through the application of CEAT-VIH were compared. The Pearson correlation test and the Chi square contingency test with a 0.05 significance level were used in the analysis of the data. Results: 44.72% of the sample presented low adherence to treatment. The level of adherence associated with use of alcohol (p = 0.156), tobacco (p = 0.215), marijuana (p = 0.434) and cocaine (p = 0.155). Conclusion: although there was low adherence, there was no significant association between alcohol and drug use in people living with Human Immunodeficiency Virus and adherence to antiretroviral treatment. Descriptors : Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome; Medication Adherence; Anti-Retroviral Agents; Street Drugs. RESUMO Objetivo : analisar o uso de alcool e drogas em pessoas vivendo com o virus da imunodeficiencia humana e adesao ao tratamento antirretroviral. Metodo : estudo quantitativo, analitico, com 322 pessoas vivendo com o Virus da Imunodeficiencia Humana assistidas no ambulatorio de dois hospitais publicos de referencia. Para a coleta de dados relacionada a adesao, foi utilizado o instrumento CEAT–VIH. Para avaliacao do consumo de alcool e outras substâncias, utilizou-se o ASSIST. Realizou-se a analise descritiva das caracteristicas sociodemograficas e criou-se um banco de dados no Programa Epi Info 7, versao 7.0.9. Foram comparados aos valores obtidos mediante a aplicacao do CEAT-VIH. Na analise dos dados, foram empregados os testes de correlacao de Pearson, teste de contingencia de Qui-Quadrado com nivel de significância de 0,05. Resultados : 44,72% da amostra apresentaram baixa adesao ao tratamento. O nivel de adesao associado ao uso do alcool (p=0,156), tabaco (p=0,215), maconha (p=0,434) e cocaina (p=0,155). Conclusao : embora haja baixa adesao, nao houve associacao significativa entre o uso de alcool e drogas em pessoas vivendo com o Virus da Imunodeficiencia Humana e a adesao ao tratamento antirretroviral. Descritores : Sindrome de Imunodeficiencia Adquirida; Adesao a Medicacao; Antirretrovirais; Drogas Ilicitas. RESUMEN Objetivo : analizar el uso de alcohol y drogas en personas viviendo con el virus de la inmunodeficiencia humana y adherencia al tratamiento antirretroviral. Metodo : estudio cuantitativo, analitico, con 322 personas viviendo con el Virus de la Inmunodeficiencia Humana asistidas en el ambulatorio de dos hospitales publicos de referencia. Para la recoleccion de datos relacionada a la adherencia, fue utilizado el instrumento CEAT–VIH. Para evaluacion del consumo de alcohol y otras sustancias, se utilizo el ASSIST. Se realizo el analisis descriptivo de las caracteristicas sociodemograficas y se crio un banco de datos en el Programa Epi Info 7, version 7.0.9. Fueron comparados a los valores obtenidos mediante la aplicacion del CEAT-VIH. En el analisis de los datos, fueron empleados los testes de correlacion de Pearson, test de contingencia de Chi-Cuadrado con nivel de significancia de 0,05. Resultados : 44,72% de la muestra presentaron baja adherencia al tratamiento. El nivel de adherencia asociado al uso del alcohol (p=0,156), tabaco (p=0,215), marihuana (p=0,434) y cocaina (p=0,155). Conclusion : aunque haya baja adherencia, no hubo asociacion significativa entre el uso de alcohol y drogas en personas viviendo con el Virus de la Inmunodeficiencia Humana y la adherencia al tratamiento antirretroviral. Descriptores : Sindrome de Inmunodeficiencia Adquirida; Cumplimiento de la Medicacion; Antirretrovirales; Drogas Ilicitas.

Scientific Production about the Adherence to Antiretroviral Therapy

Objective To identify the elite of authors about the subject adherence to antiretroviral therapy; to identify the journals turned to publishing articles about adherence to antiretroviral therapy; and to identify and analyze the most commonly used words in abstracts of articles about adherence to antiretroviral therapy. Method A bibliometric study conducted through the Scopus base. We used articles published between 1996 and 2014, after application of the eligibility criteria, there were composed the sample with 24 articles. The data were analyzed descriptively. Were used the laws of bibliometric (Lotka, Bradford and Zipf) and the conceptual cloud map of words, through the program Cmap tools. Results Lotka’s Law identified the 5 authors more productive (46% of the total published). Bradford is impaired in this study. Concerning Zipf, 3 zones were determined, 31.47% of the words with in the first zone, 26.46% in the second and 42.06% in the third. In the conceptual map, the words/factors that positively and negatively influence adherence were emphasized, among them the need for more research in the health services. Conclusion There are few publications about the accession to antiretroviral therapy, and the scientific production is in the process of maturation. One can infer that the theme researched is not yet an obsolete topic. It should be noted that the Bibliometric was a relevant statistic tool to generate information about the publications about the antiretroviral therapy.

El conocimiento de las personas que viven con el VIH/SIDA acerca de la terapia antirretroviral

In order to analyze the knowledge of people living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA) on antiretroviral therapy (ART), a descriptive, cross-sectional study with quantitative approach was carried out in the Specialized Care Services (SCS) in the municipalities of Caruaru and Garanhuns – PE, Brazil. A total of 256 PLWHA took part in the study. Data were analyzed through descriptive and inferential statistics l. It was found that the majority of respondents were male; aged 30-49 years. Only 56 PLWHA had completed high school/higher education. It was noticed that age group, religion, education and family income are significantly associated (p>0.05) with the level of knowledge about ART. As to the knowledge on antiretroviral action, 27.7% did not know or erroneously responded that the medication acts completely destroying the HIV. Regarding the indication of ART, 82% said that it is indicated for the control of the virus. As to the duration of treatment, 12.5% mentioned that it lasts until the normal examination results are obtained. In relation to knowledge about the precautions with the use of other drugs, 25% said that they can make use of any medicine without medical advice. Gastrointestinal and psychiatric adverse effects were the most common (69.1% and 39.8%). We conclude that knowledge on therapy is an aspect that can contribute to poor adherence and that it represents an issue to be worked by health professionals working in the SCSs.

The resilience and its relation to the people who acquired physical deficiency socio demographic economical profile

Objective: to investigate the association between the socio demographic and economical factors to the resilience of people who acquired physical deficiency. Methodology: it is about a descriptive and exploratory design with the quantitative approach, developed in the Foundation Center for Integrated Support for patients with Disabilities in Joao Pessoa/PB, with 69 physical deficient people. Results: The found resilience average among the population was of 138.26. In the socio demographic and economical characteristics considered, only the gender and schooling showed statistical inferences on the participants’ resilience, where the condition to being men and have a satisfactory schooling level favored the adaptive capacity development. Conclusion: in this study, in despite of the low income profile and poor education, the individuals showed high resilience scores when compared to other populations. It is believed that the resilience does not depend on some factors, taking us to think this construct as a trait that can be constructed by any individual.