David M. Sklaroff

Radioactive Fat Absorption Patterns Their Significance in Coronary Artery Atherosclerosis

Fat tolerance tests with radioactive triolein were performed on a group of patients with coronary atherosclerosis or hypercholesterolemia, and significant differences from normal subjects were observed. The mechanisms and implications of these abnormalities are discussed.

Diagnosis of Bone Metastasis by Photoscanning With Strontium 85

In 40 cancer patients with known or suspected metastases, strontium-85 photoscans showed good correlation with radiographic findings. Of 21 patients with radiographic changes in bone, the scan showed corresponding increments in strontium content in 18, irrespective of whether the x-ray lesions were osteolytic or osteoblastic. Three patients had positive scans despite absence of radiographic changes; biopsies of two of these revealed metastatic tumor in the scan-positive sites. Areas of abnormal strontium deposition were also noted in some patients with known bone metastases elsewhere, although no symptoms were present and x-rays appeared normal. The strontium-85 photoscan is useful also in depicting metastatic lesions in areas difficult to visualize on routine x-ray films, such as the sternum and scapula.

Bone metastases from breast cancer at the time of radical mastectomy as detected by bone scan. Eight‐year follow‐up

Sixty‐four women with Stage II breast cancer who had Sr85 bone scans at the time of radical mastectomy were followed for 8 years in a prospective study. Those women with positive scans had a slight, but statistically significant, increased incidence of metastatic disease, particularly for metastases to bone. However, 40% of those women with positive bone scans and negative roentgenograms survived 8 years without evidence of any metastatic disease. Therefore, it has not been shown at this time that bone scans should be obtained in order to exclude bone metastasis before regional therapy for breast cancer is instituted. Also, a significant percentage of women with negative bone scans developed both bone and soft tissue metastases. As many as 30% of asymptomatic women with a history of breast cancer and positive bone scans and negative bone roentgenograms may still harbor disease in bone after 8 years.

Studies of Metastatic Bone Lesions with Strontium 85

In 1949 and 1950, Dudley and his associates (1, 2) showed that radiogallium 72 concentrated in areas of osteogenic activity, but Brucer et al. (3) subsequently demonstrated the impracticability of use of the isotope therapeutically because of toxicity of the non-radioactive carrier. Later, Desgrez et al. (4) investigated further the distribution of radioactive gallium in the skeleton and particularly in bone tumors. More recently Bauer and his co-workers (5, 6) found a high uptake of Sr85 by external counting over skeletal lesions such as fractures, metastatic carcinoma, eosinophilic granuloma, chondroma, osteomyelitis, and Pagets disease. In 1961, Fleming and his group first demonstrated the use of Sr85 for the photoscanning of bone lesions (7). Strontium 85 is admirably suited for photoscanning since, in its decay by electron capture to stable rubidium 85, a single gamma photon of 0.51 Mev is emitted. The material is administered intravenously, 50 µc to adults and 20 µc to patients under twenty years o...In 1949 and 1950, Dudley and his associates (1, 2) showed that radiogallium 72 concentrated in areas of osteogenic activity, but Brucer et al. (3) subsequently demonstrated the impracticability of use of the isotope therapeutically because of toxicity of the non-radioactive carrier. Later, Desgrez et al. (4) investigated further the distribution of radioactive gallium in the skeleton and particularly in bone tumors. More recently Bauer and his co-workers (5, 6) found a high uptake of Sr85 by external counting over skeletal lesions such as fractures, metastatic carcinoma, eosinophilic granuloma, chondroma, osteomyelitis, and Pagets disease. In 1961, Fleming and his group first demonstrated the use of Sr85 for the photoscanning of bone lesions (7). Strontium 85 is admirably suited for photoscanning since, in its decay by electron capture to stable rubidium 85, a single gamma photon of 0.51 Mev is emitted. The material is administered intravenously, 50 µc to adults and 20 µc to patients under twenty years o...

Blood absorptive patterns of isotopically-labeled fat and fatty acid.

Excerpt Clinical conditions associated with abnormal lipid metabolism fall into two general categories: (1) those arising from decreased intestinal absorption, and (2) those produced by a derangeme...

The use of computerized tomography scanning in treatment planning for bladder carcinoma

Abstract Computerized tomography (CT) scans of the pelvis were performed in 50 patients with and without known pelvic malignancies at the Albert Einstein Medical Center, Northern Division, between September 1976 and September 1977. Each scan was reviewed systematically to determine size, location and interrelationship of pelvic structures as well as to evaluate the possible extent of tumor. For the 21 patients who were to receive radiation therapy for carcinoma of the bladder, the treatment plans, which were based on the patient contour and diagnostic studies, were compared to the information gained from the CT scan. Twenty nine per cent of the original treatment plans were altered after reviewing the CT scans. Ten patients with a diagnosis of bladder carcinoma underwent pre- and post-voiding scans. The area of the bladder at the level of the femoral heads which remained after voiding was on the average 69% of the original (range, 54–81%). The CT scan provided information which permitted better understanding of the dynamics of physiologic anatomy. It could replace the more invasive techniques presently used for localization in carcinoma of the urinary bladder.

RADIOACTIVE FAT ABSORPTIVE PATTERNS IN THE GERIATRIC PATIENT

Many attempts have been made in the past to incriminate the aging process in the genesis of atherosclerosis. Indeed, for a long time, based on results of anatomic studies, it was universally held that the two were inevitable companions. More recent thinking in this area has been concerned with a different approach, namely, the relation of atherosclerosis to lipid metabolism. Evidence is now rapidly accumulating which indicts some derangement thereof as a basic etiologic factor in this disease. Fat metabolism, specifically in old age, has been inadequately studied. With the present availability of radioactive fat, a new tool can now be used to investigate the problem in a simple manner. This paper reports our current experiences in a group of geriatric subjects.

Intravenous Choledochography with a New Contrast Medium, “Cholografin”

It is now possible to visualize the hepatic and common ducts in cholecystectomized patients by the intravenous use of a new preparation called “Cholografin”2 (1) . This compound is the disodium salt of N:N1 adipic-di (3-amino-2:4 :6-triiodophenylcarboxylic acid). It is prepared as a 20 per cent isotonic solution. The iodine content, 64.32 per cent, is firmly bound in the molecule and not split off after the substance is injected intravenously. The substance is actively excreted by the liver cells and appears in the bowel a few minutes after intravenous injection. The common duct fills within twenty minutes and can be demonstrated roentgenographically. In the presence of jaundice, however, the common duct is not visualized. Instead, the compound is excreted by the kidneys in sufficient concentration to produce good urograms. Following cholecystectomy, symptoms may recur which resemble or are identical with those which existed prior to operation. These symptoms may appear shortly after surgery or may develo...

Postirradiation ureteric stricture.

Abstract The problems of ureteric structure associated with the radiation therapy of patients with carcinoma of the cervix are discussed. Four case histories are presented. The differential diagnosis, natural history, predisposing factors, histopathology, prophylaxis, symptoms, diagnostic approach, and management are illustrated. The necessity to recognize this complication prior to the onset of irreversible renal damage is emphasized.

The effect of sitosterol on radioactive fat absorption patterns

Abstract 1. 1. Concomitant administration of a plant sterol (cytellin) with radioactive triolein did not decrease the absorption of the tagged fat. 2. 2. In a group of patients with coronary artery disease and hypercholesterolemia prolonged treatment with this preparation produced no appreciable change in their radioactive fat tolerance even when the serum cholesterol level decreased to normal. 3. 3. Reliance on blood cholesterol levels alone is probably an incomplete guide as to the effectiveness of “antiatherogenic” medication.