Dayanna do Nascimento Machado

Mesoartrópodes de solo em áreas com mineração de carvão sob recuperação ambiental

The objective of this work was to evaluate the soil mesofauna composition in non-mining and in mining areas under environmental recovery with native vegetation and forest planting, in a coalmine in Southern Brazil. Five treatments were evaluated: native vegetation in non-mining area; plantation of Acacia mearnsii in non-mining area; plantation of A. mearnsii in mining area; plantation of Eucalyptus dunnii in non-mining area; and plantation of E. dunnii in mining area. Four soil samples per treatment were collected monthly, during one year. The organisms were extracted using a Berlese funnel with 50-W incandescent light. A total of 23,911 organisms were collected from the soil mesofauna, which were identified and distributed into 13 taxonomic groups. The abundance of specimens was similar between treatments. The greatest diversity of taxonomic groups was found under A. mearnsii plantation, in the mining area, and under E. dunnii plantations in non-mining and mining areas, all with 13 groups. Eucalyptus dunnii and A. mearnsii help to mitigate the impact of coal mining on the diversity of the soil mesofauna taxonomic groups, since the composition of mesoarthropods is similar to that of areas that have not been directly affected by mining.

Avaliação de Inseticidas no Controle de Thaumastocoris peregrinus (Hemiptera: Thaumastocoridae) Percevejo-bronzeado em Condições de Laboratório

The study aimed to evaluate the control efficiency of insecticides on Thaumastocoris peregrinus in the laboratory conditions. Therefore, 15 plants of Eucalyptus dunnii received the follow field spray: imidacloprid (78.8g ai / ha), thiamethoxam (37.5g ai / ha), lambda-cyhalothrin + thiamethoxam (21.2 + 25.8g ai / ha), lambda-cyhalothrin (24.9g ai / ha), and the untreated control only water. To determine the insecticides efficiency, we used a containment test, with E. dunnii leaves sprayed and collected at two different times. In the laboratory was used eight reps of leaves to adult and eight to nymphs by treatment individually placed in petri dishes; each repetition received 10 insect specimens. Assessments of alive insects were carried out at second, fourth, twentieth, twenty-fourth days after spray treatment (DAT). We conclude that the insecticides tested, on respective rate, presented efficient control of T. peregrinus nymphs and adults.

Fauna de Coleoptera Edáfica em Eucalipto sob Diferentes Sistemas de Controle Químico da Matocompetição

Eucalyptus grandis stands out as one of the most cultivated species in Brazil because of its productivity and wood quality. The objective of this study was to assess the edaphic coleopteran fauna in an initial planting of E. grandis under different systems of weed control in Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul state, using pitfall traps. The treatments were based on the chemical control of weeds: total, in and between planting rows (CT); total, in the planting row (CL); monocotyledons, in and inter-rows (CM); dicotyledons, in and inter-rows (CD); control of one meter next to the planting row, leaving one meter between rows without control (CF); and without control (SC) . From March 2011 to August 2012, 1190 beetles of seven families were collected. There were differences between the edaphic coleopteran fauna captured in the evaluated treatments. The application of a smaller amount of herbicide maintains plant diversity, allowing greater diversity of beetle fauna in the area.

Fauna de Coleoptera Edáfica em Eucalipto sob Diferentes Sistemas de Controle Químico da Matocompetição / Edaphic Beetle Fauna in Eucalyptus Under Different Systems of Chemical Control of Weed Competition

Eucalyptus grandis stands out as one of the most cultivated species in Brazil because of its productivity and wood quality. The objective of this study was to assess the edaphic coleopteran fauna in an initial planting of E. grandis under different systems of weed control in Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul state, using pitfall traps. The treatments were based on the chemical control of weeds: total, in and between planting rows (CT); total, in the planting row (CL); monocotyledons, in and inter-rows (CM); dicotyledons, in and inter-rows (CD); control of one meter next to the planting row, leaving one meter between rows without control (CF); and without control (SC) . From March 2011 to August 2012, 1190 beetles of seven families were collected. There were differences between the edaphic coleopteran fauna captured in the evaluated treatments. The application of a smaller amount of herbicide maintains plant diversity, allowing greater diversity of beetle fauna in the area.

Damage by Stator limbatus (Horn, 1873) (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae: Bruchinae) to Seeds of Acacia podalyriifolia A. Cunningham ex G. Don. (Fabaceae: Mimosoideae)

Plants in the genus Acacia Miller (Fabaceae: Mimosoideae) are widely cultivated in Brazil. Some species, such as Acacia mearnsii de Wild. and Acacia mangium Willd. which are planted in the southern and northern parts of the country, respectively, are used in the production of cellulose, charcoal, and tannin. Acacia podalyriifolia A. Cunningham ex G. Don is an important ornamental plant for the purpose of landscaping in parks, gardens, and streets because of the small size of its canopy that varies between five and seven meters. The leaves of this ornamental plant are very decorative due to their colors. Thus, they can be used in flower arrangements and bouquets (Lorenzi et al. 2003).