Dayanne Anunciação Silva Dantas Lima

Nematóides resistentes a alguns anti-helmínticos em rebanhos caprinos no Cariri Paraibano

The aim of this paper was to evaluate the resistance of nematodes to some anthelmintics in dairy goats in Cariri Paraibano, Brazil. A total of 144 female goats, over 8 months of age, were used in the dry season and 120 ones during the rainy season, divided into four groups: Group I untreated, Group II treated with albendazole 10%, Group III treated with ivermectin 1%, and Group IV treated with levamisole phosphate 18.8%, at doses recommended by the manufacturer. To evaluate the resistance, the reduction in egg count per gram of feces and the cultivation of larval helminths. The fecal samples were collected on the day of treatment and, after 7, 14 and 21 days of treatment. In the group treated with albendazole, 61%, 11% and 24% of efficiency was observed in the dry period, and 55%, 14% and 12% in the rainy season, at 7, 14, and 21 days respectively. In the group treated with ivermectin, efficacy was 14%, 70% and 66% for the dry period, and 76%, 34% and 71% for the rainy season, at 7, 14 and 21 days respectively. The group treated with phosphate Levamisole showed efficacy rates of 89%, 79% and 73% in the dry period, and 76%, 69% and 67% in the rainy season, at 7, 14 and 21 days. The results indicate that the gastrointestinal nematodes of some dairy goats in Cariri Paraibano are not sensitive to the active Albendazole, Levamisole and Ivermectin. During the study, presence of specimens of the genera Haemonchus, Trichostrongylus, Oesophagostomum and Strongyloides was identified.

Caracterização clínica e laboratorial de cães naturalmente infectados com Trypanosoma cruzi no semiárido nordestino

Objetivou-se, com este estudo, evidenciar os sinais clinicos e laboratoriais desta enfermidade para auxiliar na caracterizacao da doenca de forma natural na area semi-arida da regiao nordeste. Foram avaliados 10 caes positivos para Trypanosoma cruzi, identificados mediante analises sorologicas de reacao de imunofluorescencia indireta (RIFI) e enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA); analise molecular pela Reacao em Cadeia Polimerase (PCR), microscopia direta e hemocultura. Os caes chagasicos foram submetidos a avaliacao fisica, verificacao da pressao arterial, exames eletrocardiograficos, radiograficos, hematologicos (eritrograma e leucograma) e bioquimicos (ureia, creatinina, ALT, AST, PT, albumina, globulina, CK, CK-MB e cTnI). O exame fisico e os valores das pressoes arteriais dos caes apresentaram dentro dos parâmetros de normalidade, enquanto que na eletrocardiografia observou-se FC normal com ritmo sinusal, com excecao de um cao, que apresentou taquicardia sinusal (168 bat/min). No ECG de oito caes houve aumento da duracao de P (47±6,5ms) sugestivo de aumento atrial, nao confirmado radiograficamente. Foi observado supradesnivelamento do segmento ST em um cao. Nos resultados hematologicos constatou-se trombocitopenia (187,4x103 ±137,2x103) e anemia (5,0x106 ±1,39x106/uL). Os valores medios da hemoglobina (11±2,7g/dL) e do hematocrito (34±10,5%) estavam abaixo dos limites de normalidade. A serie branca apresentou-se dentro dos limites de normalidade, com excecao da eosinofilia observada em tres caes. Individualmente, registrou-se em dois caes, leucocitose, linfocitose e neutrofilia. Na avaliacao bioquimica, registrou-se hiperproteinemia (7,2±0,9g/dL), hipoalbuminemia (2,2±0,4g/dL), hiperglobulinemia (5,1±1,0g/dL) e aumento da CK (196±171U/L). Nao houve alteracao nas enzimas ALT e AST. A isoenzima CK-MB e o cTnI alteraram somente em tres caes. Os caes infectados naturalmente no semiarido nordestino apresentam caracteristicas relacionaveis a forma cronica indeterminada, ou seja, caes assintomaticos. A identificacao dos caes infectados naturalmente sem caracteristicas patognomonicas da doenca de Chagas ressalta a importância desta enfermidade no processo diagnostico com as demais que manifestam perfis inespecificos associados ou nao as doencas cardiovasculares.

Anestesia epidural com associação medetomidina e lidocaína, em gatos pré-medicados com acepromazina e midazolam

The anesthetic effects due to the association of medetomidine and epidural lidocaine in cats pretreated with acepromazine and midazolam were evaluated. Ten adult cats were used, male and female, healthy and weighing 2.5±0.6kg. They were divided into two groups (GM and GL) of equal numbers (n=5). Premedication with acepromazine, 0.2mg/kg, and midazolam, 0.5mg/kg, intramuscular was administered. Twenty minutes later, GM animals were given epidural lidocaine, 4.4mg/kg, associated with medetomidine, 0.02mg/kg. GL cats received lidocaine, 4.4mg/kg, associated with NaCl 0.9%. Assessments occurred before the pre-anesthesia (MPA), 20 minutes after premedication and before the epidural block, and 10, 20, 30 and 40 minutes after epidural anesthesia, respectively, T-20, T0, T10, T20, T30 and T40. Heart rate, respiratory rate, body temperature, oxyhemoglobin saturation, analgesia, muscle relaxation and recovery period were evaluated. In GM cats the heart rate decreased at T20, T30 and T40 as compared to T-20 and T10 and was lower than the heart rate in the GL cats at T20, T30 and T40, values being, respectively, 86, 91 and 88 beats/min and 194, 205 and 177 beats/min. The respiratory rate ranged from T-20 and the other time points in GL animals. Concerning electrocardiographic variables, in GM cats significant differences between T20, T30 and T40 and T0 and T-20, were observed, values being 235, 238 and 156 and 161ms and 240ms, respectively. GM animals differed from GL in T20, T30 and T40, values being 147, 132 and 150ms for GL cats. Eighty percent of the cats had severe pain and in all animals there was a relaxation of the jaw and tongue. The recovery time was 40 and 15 min at GM and GL, respectively. It was concluded that the association promoted lidocaine with medetomidine anesthesia with a stable level of anesthesia and anesthetic recovery of good quality.

Celiotomy by plastrotomy in a yellow-footed tortoise (Geochelone denticulata)

One herein reports a successful case of celiotomy by plastrotomy for removal of foreign bodies in yellow-footed tortoise (Geochelone denticulata). The animal was treated at the Veterinary Hospital of the Federal University of Piaui, with appetite loss, regurgitation, constipation, lethargy, reluctance to walk and slightly reddish ocular mucous membranes. Radiographic examination was performed, confirming the presence of foreign bodies in the stomach. The tortoise underwent celiotomy by plastrotomy for the removal of the foreign bodies. The opening of the plastron was performed through the abdominal shields, with the aid of a circular mini grinding saw. One performed an incision in the midline between the two abdominal veins to access the abdominal cavity. A gastrotomy for removal of the foreign bodies (nails, toothpicks, stones, pieces of plastic, glass and crockery pieces) was performed after the location of the stomach. The surgery was successful and confirmed with radiographic evaluation in the immediate postoperative period. The celiotomy by plastrotomy for removal of foreign bodies in that animal proved to be a viable, very important and safe technique to the survival of chelonians.

Allometric scaling for chemical restraint in greater Rheas (Rhea americana) with Tiletamine and Zolazepam

BackgroundChemical restraint is of great importance in the clinical practice of wildlife animals. In such, interspecific allometric scaling proposes pharmacological doses to a wide range of species, based on previously known doses for domestic animals and the target animal’s body mass. The objective was to compare chemical restraint responses in the greater rhea (Rhea americana) with conventional doses of tiletamine/zolazepam, found in the literature for the species, and with doses calculated through interspecific allometric scaling extrapolation. From the Federal University of Piauí, six adult greater rheas (Rhea americana), three males and three females, were randomly selected to be subjects in this research. All six animals were submitted to two chemical restraint protocols with tiletamine and zolazepam, per intramuscular injection in the hind limb. The first protocol was composed of doses found on the literature for the species, while the second protocol used doses calculated by interspecific allometric scaling, with the domestic dog as model animal. Heart and respiratory rates, body temperature, eyelid reflex, digital pinch and metatarsal reflex were registered along with latency and ambulation times.ResultsThe use of interspecific allometric scaling for chemical restraint with the combination tiletamine and zolazepam showed satisfying results, with great similarity to results obtained with conventional doses in Greater rheas.ConclusionsLiterature on chemical restraint and use of tiletamine and zolazepam in rheas is scarce. Chemical restraint is of extreme importance on these animals, due to their aggressive nature and low level of domesticity. This research may further establish the interspecific allometric scaling method as a viable tool for the veterinary physician in formulating anesthetic and chemical restraint protocols for wildlife animals.

Técnica de Doyle na correção de fratura completa em úmero de tucano (Ramphastos toco): relato de caso

The aim of this study was to report the realization of the left humerus osteosynthesis of a wild bird using the Doyle technique. A toucan (Ramphastos toco) suffered a complete transverse fracture of the proximal third of the left humerus. After clinical evaluation and pre-operative procedures, the bird was submitted to osteosynthesis. The surgical technique used allowed a perfect coaptation of the bone fragments, resulting in the formation of a bone callus and recovery of the affected limb in a short period of time presenting this as an effective option for the correction of fractures of the humerus in medium size birds.