Dipen Patel

Estimating the economic burden of food-induced allergic reactions and anaphylaxis in the United States.

BACKGROUND Food allergy is reported to affect 4% to 6% of children and 1% to 2% of adults in the United States. Every year, allergic reactions result in visits to physicians, emergency departments, and hospitals. However, the economic burden of food-induced allergic reactions is unknown. OBJECTIVE We sought to estimate the direct medical costs and indirect costs of food-induced allergic reactions and anaphylaxis in the United States. METHODS Costs were estimated with a bottom-up approach from a societal perspective: the average cost of illness per patient was calculated and multiplied by reported prevalence estimates. Patients with an inpatient admission, emergency department admission, office-based physician visit, or outpatient visit for a food-induced allergic reaction were identified from a list of federally administered 2006 and 2007 databases by using International Classification of Diseases, ninth revision, codes. Indirect costs were quantified by estimating lost productivity in terms of lost earnings caused by absenteeism and mortality of patients or caregivers. Sensitivity analyses were conducted to measure the robustness of the estimates. RESULTS For 2007, direct medical costs were

Cost-Effectiveness Analysis of Anticoagulation Strategies in Non–ST-Elevation Acute Coronary Syndromes

225 million, and indirect costs were

Media coverage of off-label promotion: a content analysis of US newspapers.

115 million. Office visits accounted for 52.5% of costs, and the remainder was split between emergency visits (20%), inpatient hospitalizations (11.8%), outpatient visits (3.9%), ambulance runs (3%), and epinephrine devices (8.7%). Simulations from probabilistic sensitivity analyses suggested mean direct medical costs were

Content Analysis of Off-label Drug Use: Reporting Print Media Coverage

307 million and indirect costs were

Use Of Central Venous Access Devices (CVAD) And Associated Outcomes In Hereditary Angioedema (HAE) Patients: Findings From A Large United States (US) Claims Database

203 million. CONCLUSIONS The economic burden of allergic reactions caused by food and anaphylaxis was an estimated half a billion dollars in 2007. Ambulatory visits accounted for more than half of the costs.

Treatment patterns and healthcare resource utilization among patients with hereditary angioedema in the United States

Background: Contemporary studies document the outcomes of unfractionated heparin (UFH), enoxaparin, fondaparinux, and bivalirudin in patients with non–ST-elevation acute coronary syndrome (NSTE-ACS). It remains unclear which anticoagulant regimen is the most cost-effective. Objective: To perform a cost-effectiveness analysis comparing 4 anticoagulant regimens in NSTE-ACS. Methods: A decision analysis was conducted from a healthcare provider perspective. Data sources included the SYNERGY, OASIS-5, and ACUITY trials, including 2 subgroup analyses. A decision tree model was created incorporating the outcomes associated with 4 antithrombotic approaches: UFH with eptifibatide, enoxaparin with eptifibatide, bivalirudin alone, and fondaparinux with eptifibatide. The percentage of eptifibatide use in each arm was consistent with clinical trials. Probabilities of complications (eg, myocardial infarction, revascularization, major/minor bleeding at 30 days) were calculated. Costs were assigned to each outcome, incorporating the cost associated with diagnosis-related group and/or current procedural terminology codes, drug acquisition, and red blood cell infusions. Multiple sensitivity analyses were performed. Results: The base case analysis showed bivalirudin monotherapy to be the least costly regimen (

Intravenous C1-INH [C1-INH(IV)] Use Among Patients with Hereditary Angioedema (HAE) in the United States (US) and Associated Health Care Resource Utilization (HCRU)

1131 per average course), and it dominated enoxaparin plus eptifibatide (

Cost and resource utilization associated with glioblastoma among commercially insured adults in the United States (US).

1609) and UFH plus eptifibatide (

Decreasing Risk Of Infection and Severity Of Infections Resulting In Hospitalizations In Patients With Primary Immunodeficiency Disease Changing From IVIG To Scig Therapy

1739) in cost-effectiveness. The total average cost of fondaparinux with eptifibatide (

Estimating the economic burden of food-induced allergic reactions and anaphylaxis in the United States

1184) was higher than bivalirudin alone, but the combination was more effective, resulting in an incremental cost of