Divan Soares da Silva

Dry matter production and quality of elephantgrass (Pennisetum purpureum Schum.) cultivar Roxo at different cutting ages

This experiment was conducted to evaluate the total dry matter (DM) production, leaf/stem ratio, percentage of leaf and stem and nutritive value of the elephantgrass (Pennisetum purpureum Schum.) cultivar Roxo under four cutting ages (40, 60, 80 and 100 days) from July of 1994 to December of 1995 in the wet land region of the Paraíba State. The cultivar was stablished in plots of 3,0 x 5,0 m and plant spacing of 0,70 x 0,80 m, using a completely randomized design with four replicates. The total dry matter production increased with the cutting ages intervals (quadratic relationship), with the highest production of 30,9 t/ha at 100 days. The percentage of leaf and leaf/stem ratio decreased, while the percentage of stem linearly increased with the increase of the cutting ages. There were a decreased in the crude protein contents and cell content, while the neutral detergent fiber and acid detergent fiber contents increased linearly with the increase of the cutting age.ABSTRACT - This experiment was conducted to evaluate the total dry matter (DM) production, leaf/stem ratio, percentage of leaf and stem and nutritive value of the elephantgrass (Pennisetum purpureum Schum.) cultivar Roxo under four cutting ages (40, 60, 80 and 100 days) from July of 1994 to December of 1995 in the wet land region of the Paraiba State. The cultivar was stablished in plots of 3,0 x 5,0 m and plant spacing of 0,70 x 0,80 m, using a completely randomized design with four replicates. The total dry matter production increased with the cutting ages intervals (quadratic relationship), with the highest production of 30,9 t/ha at 100 days. The percentage of leaf and leaf/stem ratio decreased, while the percentage of stem linearly increased with the increase of the cutting ages. There were a decreased in the crude protein contents and cell content, while the neutral detergent fiber and acid detergent fiber contents increased linearly with the increase of the cutting age.

Efeito do ambiente térmico e níveis de suplementação nos parâmetros fisiológicos de caprinos Moxotó

Objetivou-se, com este trabalho, determinar o efeito do ambiente termico e de diferentes niveis de suplementacao sobre os parâmetros fisiologicos de caprinos Moxoto, criados em confinamento no semi-arido nordestino. Utilizaram-se 16 animais machos, que receberam duas dietas compostas de palma forrageira (Opuntia ficus indica), feno de manicoba (Manihot glaziowii) e dois niveis de suplementacao (0,5 e 1,5% do peso vivo). O delineamento experimental utilizado foi inteiramente casualizado, em regime de subparcelas, com 2 tratamentos e 8 repeticoes. No interior do aprisco os indices de conforto ambiental ficaram elevados a partir das 11 h e, no periodo da tarde, esses indices ficaram acima do ideal para os animais, ou seja, fora da zona de conforto termico, porem, os caprinos da raca Moxoto conseguiram manter a temperatura retal dentro dos limites normais; entretanto, com aumento dos batimentos cardiacos. Ocorreu aumento da frequencia respiratoria como uma forma de dissipacao de calor para manter a homeotermia. Uma percentagem maior de suplementacao provocou aumento da temperatura retal.

Composição química do capim-elefante cv. Roxo cortado em diferentes alturas

This work was carried out to evaluate the cutting effect at 0, 15, 30 and 45 cm height, on the chemical composition of elephant grass (Pennisetum purpureum, Schum.) cv. Roxo in dry and rainy seasons. The samples were obtained from an useful area of 8,4 m2 from each parcel. After the uniformity cut two cuts in dry season with 90 days interval, and three cuts in rainy seasons with 60 days interval. A sample of 3 or 5 tillers was taken from each parcel and they were dehydrated in air forced stove and ground for laboratorial analysis. The percentages of dry matter (DM), crude protein (CP), neutral detergent fiber (NDF), acid detergent fiber (ADF), cellulose (CEL), hemicellulose (HCEL), lignin (LIG), and ashes were evaluated. The cutting heights did not influence the chemical composition of the grass, neither there was interaction with the seasons. Except for hemicellulose and ashes, the cut made in the dry season showed superior results than in the rainy season. The averages for the two periods were 19.70 and 17.44% for MS, 7.74 and 7.25% for CP, 76.41 and 71.13% for NDF, 42.75 and 41.02% for ADF, 31.44 and 30.43% for CEL, 30.66 and 30.28% for HCEL, 9.25 and 7.83% for LIG, and 1.97 and 3.38% for ashes, in dry and rainy seasons, respectively.

Desempenho de cordeiros Santa Inês alimentados com dietas completas contendo feno de maniçoba

The objective of this trial was to investigate the effect of different dietary ratios of concentrate (C) to ceara rubbertree hay (CRH; Manihot Glaziovii Muell. Arg.) on performance of lambs. Thirty two intact Santa Ines lambs averaging 70 days of age and 16.02±2.371 kg of body weight were fed one of the following four treatments as total mixed rations: 80C:20CRH (diet A), 60C:40CRH (diet B), 40C:60CRH (diet C), or 20C:80CRH (diet D) in a completely randomized design (eight repetitions/treatment). Increasing levels of CRH in the diet had no significant effect on the intakes of dry matter, crude protein, and total carbohydrates which averaged 1.214, 0.201, and 0.816 kg/day, respectively. However, intake of neutral detergent fiber increased linearly while the opposite was observed for intakes of metabolizable energy and nonfiber carbohydrates by increasing the proportion of CRH in the diet. The average daily gain was significantly affected by the different dietary ratios of C:CRH averaging 290.84, 293.62, 253.35, and 208.48 g/d, respectively, for diets A, B, C, and D. Significant linear effects were also observed for feed conversion (Y = 3.332 + 0.028x) and feed efficiency (Y = 0.28-0.0013x) when the proportion of CRH was increased from diet A to diet D. The profit:cost ratio and the cost per kg of carcass averaged, respectively, 1.49, 1.57, 1.69, and 1.84 and R

Produtividade e qualidade da flor-de-seda em diferentes densidades e sistemas de plantio

3.68, R

Xiquexique (Pilosocereus gounellei (A. Weber ex K. Schum.) Bly. ex Rowl.) em substituição à silagem de sorgo (Sorghum bicolor L. Moench) na alimentação de vacas leiteiras

3.49, R

Agronomic divergence of sorghum hybrids for silage yield in the semiarid region of Paraiba

3.23, and R

Analise de trilha para caracteres morfológicos do Feijão-Bravo (capparis flexuosa) no cariri paraibano

2.98 with 20, 40, 60 and 80% of CRH hay in the diet. It can be concluded that the C:CRH ratio of 20:80 (diet D) resulted in satisfactory performance and improved income of Santa Ines lambs.

Feno de maniçoba em dietas para ovinos: consumo de nutrientes, digestibilidade aparente e balanço nitrogenado

Avaliou-se o efeito de dois sistemas de plantio (sem camalhao e com camalhao) e de tres espacamentos (1,0 × 1,5 m; 1,5 × 2,0 m; e 2,0 × 2,0 m) sobre a qualidade e a produtividade de flor-de-seda aos 60 dias de rebrotacao. Utilizou-se o delineamento experimental com blocos casualizados em esquema fatorial 2 × 3 (dois sistemas de manejo do solo e tres densidades de plantio) com cinco repeticoes, em parcelas subdivididas no espaco e no tempo. Plantas escolhidas aleatoriamente foram cortadas, separadas por tratamento e analisadas quanto aos teores de materia seca (MS), materia orgânica (MO), cinzas, extrato etereo (EE), proteina bruta (PB), fibra em detergente neutro (FDN), fibra em detergente acido (FDA), celulose, hemicelulose, lignina, carboidratos nao-fibrosos (CNF) e carboidratos totais (CT) e quanto a produtividade (kg MS/ha). Os sistemas de manejo do solo e as densidades de plantio nao influenciaram a composicao em MO, cinzas, FDN, EE, lignina, celulose, CNF e CT. As densidades de plantio influenciaram o teor de hemicelulose e FDA. O sistema de manejo do solo com camalhao teve efeito linear decrescente sobre o teor de PB. A maior produtividade de MS (699,72 kg/ha) da flor-de-seda foi verificada no sistema de plantio mais adensado (1,0 m × 1,5 m) e correspondeu a 6.666 plantas/ha.

Características estruturais do dossel de pastagens de capim-tanzânia mantidas sob três períodos de descanso com ovinos

Five lactating Brown-Swiss cows averaging 520 kg of body weight (BW) and 15 kg of milk yield were assigned to a 5 x 5 Latin square to study the effects of replacing sorghum silage (Sorghum bicolor L. Moench) with a columnar cactus known as xiquexique (Pilosocereus gounellei (A. Weber ex K. Schum.) Byl ex Rowl.) on animal performance and apparent digestibility of nutrients. The experimental diets contained (DM basis): 0, 12.5, 25, 37.5, or 50% of xiquexique. Each experimental period lasted 17 days (10 days for diet adaptation and 7 days for sample collection). Intake of dry matter (DM) expressed as amount (kg/d), as percentage of BW, or as metabolic weight (g/kg0.75) were 15.21 kg/d, 2.83% of BW, and 136.10 g/kg0.75 and did not change by replacing sorghum silage with xiquexique in the diet. Similarly, intake of organic matter (OM), crude protein (CP), and total carbohydrates (TCH) did not differ and averaged 13.64, 1,64, and 11,48 kg/d across diets, respectively. However, intake (kg/d) of neutral detergent fiber (NDF), ether extract (EE), and total digestible nutrients (TDN) all decreased linearly (P < 0.01) while the opposite was observed for non-fiber carbohydrates (NFC) by replacing sorghum silage with xiquexique in the diet. No significant differences in the apparent digestibility of DM (DMAD), organic matter (OMAD), crude protein (CPAD), ether extract (EEAD), neutral detergent fiber (NDFAD), and total carbohydrates (TCHAD) were observed by increasing the dietary proportions of xiquexique. Milk yield averaged 14.80 kg/d and also did not differ among treatments in the present trial. Following the same trend, milk composition and feed efficiency (kg of milk yield/kg of DM intake) were unaffected by increasing the levels of xiquexique in the diet.