Dmitriy Loginov

Адаптационные Стратегии Населения: Между Выживанием и Развитием (Adaptive Population Strategies: Between Survival and Development)

Russian Abstract: Подготовленный материал содержит результаты исследования, целью которого являлось выявление основных адаптационных стратегий, реализуемых различными слоями российского населения в целях поддержания достигнутого уровня жизни или его повышения, а также определение качества и эффективности этих стратегий. Исследованы наиболее распространенные адаптационные стратегии россиян: привлечения внешних ресурсов; инвестиционно-сберегательная стратегия; стратегия повышения трудовых нагрузок; стратегия изменений в профессиональной сфере; миграционная стратегия и ведение личного подсобного хозяйства. Построены интегральные показатели рисков снижения уровня жизни и адаптационного потенциала населения. Методология исследования включает применение современных теоретико-прикладных подходов, разработку системы показателей успешности адаптационных практик и их продуктивного характера. Эмпирическая часть основана на сборе и анализе социологической информации, полученной в ходе репрезентативных анкетных опросов населения (в 2016 г. – 3500 респондентов, в 2017 г. – 3000 респондентов). English Abstract: This paper contains the results of the study which purpose was to identify the main adaptation strategies, implemented by different layers of Russian population to maintain the achieved standard of living or to improve it, as well as to determine the quality and efficiency of these strategies. The most spread adaptation strategies of Russians are studied: outsourcing, investment and savings strategy, strategy of the labor activity increase, strategy of changes in the professional sphere, the migration strategy and the strategy of private farming conducting. There are built the integral indicators of risks of reduction in life quality and adaptive capacity of the population. The methodology of the study involves the application of contemporary theoretical and empirical approaches, development of a system of indicators of the adaption practices success and efficiency of these strategies. The empirical part is based on the collection and analysis of sociological information, obtained in the course of representative polls (3500 respondents were polled in 2016, and 3000 respondents were polled in 2017).

Эффективность Школы - Позиция Родителей (Efficiency of School Through the Eyes of Parents)

Elena Avraamova - Doctor of Science in Economics, Professor, Head, Institute for Social Analysis and Forecasting, Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration. Address: 11, Prechistenskaya nab., 119034, Moscow, Russian Federation. E-mail: eavraamova@yandex.ru Tatyana Klyachko - Doctor of Science in Economics, Professor, CEO, Center for Continuing Education Economics, Institute for Social Analysis and Forecasting, Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration. Address: 82, Vernadskogo pr., 119571, Moscow, Russian Federation. E-mail: tlk@ranepa.ruDmitry Loginov - Candidate of Science in Economics, Senior Researcher, Institute for Social Analysis and Forecasting, Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration. Address: 11, Prechistenskaya nab., 119034, Moscow, Russian Federation. E-mail: dmitrloginov@gmail.comIn order to discover how parents of school students evaluate the state of things at school and what their expectations are in the light of the pay rise for teachers, in May and June of 2013 the Center for Continuing Education Economics under the Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration questioned 3,300 parents (legal representatives) of school students in three regions of Russia: Sverdlovsk Oblast, Voronezh Oblast and Ivanovo Oblast, i. e. in a donor region, in a region with average social and economic indicators, and in a heavily subsidized region. The monitoring has been continued for the year 2014. Based on the data obtained, we have analyzed parental demands towards school education, degree of parents satisfaction, sufficiency of school education to pass the State Final Examination (SFE) and the Unified State Exam (USE), parents perception of the efficiency of school education in the context of the teacher pay rise. No essential difference was revealed between parental perceptions of the state of things at school in different regions, despite the significant gap between the living standards. Parental demands towards school are restricted to three core objectives: give children knowledge required for grown-up life and work; provide socialization (discipline, rules of behavior, getting into the habit of working, development of communication skills, etc.); inculcate interest to sports and productive hobbies. Parents believe that strong specialized schools are more productive in performing those functions. Thus, we conclude that teacher pay rise has not yet been helping reduce differentiation between schools by quality of education. Despite a rather high level of overall satisfaction with school education, parents tend to believe that their children wont succeed in getting high SFE and USE scores with no test preparation courses. Almost one third of parents think that teacher pay rise could influence quality of education significantly (31.4%), while 40.3% feel changes would be inconsiderable. An overwhelming majority of parents count school teachers as middle class, which means that Russian teachers are no more perceived by parents and, hence, by students as economically unsuccessful, as it used to be in the early 2000s. DOI: 10.17323/1814-9545-2014-3-118-134