Tatiana Klyachko

On the Financial Reform in Russia's Higher Education

The article deals with higher education reform in Russia. Special attention is paid to the innovations after the Federal law No 83 was adopted (2010). The authors analyze whether the reforms lead to financial self-dependence of universities, whether they do create a more competitive environment (which promotes a better education), and how the normative per capita financing affects the higher education system. Analysis of the first reform steps shows: the results are contradictory, many applied methods do not lead to the desired effect. The main obstacles are other institutions: first of all the system of higher education institutions accreditation and licensing. For further efficiency growth of higher education political (administrative) methods are needed. Only after application of administrative methods the economic methods will work properly. During the reforms it is also necessary to account for the social situation in the country.

On Standards of Budget Funding and Adjusting the Fees in State Universities

The paper analyzes the implications of the financial regulations implementing a state order (standards of budget financing based on one student) in the higher education system and the use of them to regulate fees in the universities. It is demonstrated that the establishment of standards in the field of budgetary financing (field of study) does not allow to pay attention to differences in historical property complexes, schools, differences in socio-economic position of the Russian Federation where universities are located affecting the wages of faculty in relation to the average for the economy of the region, raises the question of the adequacy of the state accreditation of higher education institutions. Purely economic approach in the allocation of budget funds obscures difficult political decisions on restructuring the higher education network: the elimination of schools that do not meet the requirements for licensing and accreditation of universities, uniting weak with strong ones, opening of new schools on the basis of material liquidation, the implementation of programs to support the weak, but necessary institutions, replacing weak management in universities, etc. Accordingly, the regulation of fees would have a negative economic and social consequences.

Оценка Вклада Образования в Социально-Экономическое Развитие Субъектов Российской Федерации (Assessment of the Contribution of Education to the Socio-Economic Development of the Subjects of the Russian Federation)

Russian Abstract: В работе проведена оценка вклада образования в социально-экономическое развитие субъектов Российской Федерации. Информационной базой исследования являлись официальные статистические данные. Оценка вклада образования проводилась для каждого уровня системы образования: среднего общего образования, начального профессионального, среднего профессионального и высшего профессионального образования. Анализ вклада образования в социально-экономическое развитие субъектов Российской Федерации проводился как в целом для Российской Федерации, так и в разрезе федеральных округов РФ и субъектов РФ. Результаты исследования дополнены анализом вклада высшего образования в социально-экономическое развитие субъектов Российской Федерации по выборке регионов России в разрезе 55 укрупненных групп специальностей. English Abstract: The work assesses the contribution of education to socio-economic development of the subjects of the Russian Federation. The information base for the study was official statistics. Assessment of the contribution of education was carried out for each level of the education system: secondary general education, primary professional, secondary professional and higher vocational education. The analysis of the contribution of education to the socioeconomic development of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation was carried out both for the Russian Federation as a whole and for the federal districts of the Russian Federation and the constituent entities of the Russian Federation. The results of the study are supplemented by an analysis of the contribution of higher education to the socioeconomic development of the subjects of the Russian Federation in the sample. Regions of Russia in the context of 55 enlarged groups of specialties.

Эффективность Школы - Позиция Родителей (Efficiency of School Through the Eyes of Parents)

Elena Avraamova - Doctor of Science in Economics, Professor, Head, Institute for Social Analysis and Forecasting, Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration. Address: 11, Prechistenskaya nab., 119034, Moscow, Russian Federation. E-mail: eavraamova@yandex.ru Tatyana Klyachko - Doctor of Science in Economics, Professor, CEO, Center for Continuing Education Economics, Institute for Social Analysis and Forecasting, Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration. Address: 82, Vernadskogo pr., 119571, Moscow, Russian Federation. E-mail: tlk@ranepa.ruDmitry Loginov - Candidate of Science in Economics, Senior Researcher, Institute for Social Analysis and Forecasting, Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration. Address: 11, Prechistenskaya nab., 119034, Moscow, Russian Federation. E-mail: dmitrloginov@gmail.comIn order to discover how parents of school students evaluate the state of things at school and what their expectations are in the light of the pay rise for teachers, in May and June of 2013 the Center for Continuing Education Economics under the Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration questioned 3,300 parents (legal representatives) of school students in three regions of Russia: Sverdlovsk Oblast, Voronezh Oblast and Ivanovo Oblast, i. e. in a donor region, in a region with average social and economic indicators, and in a heavily subsidized region. The monitoring has been continued for the year 2014. Based on the data obtained, we have analyzed parental demands towards school education, degree of parents satisfaction, sufficiency of school education to pass the State Final Examination (SFE) and the Unified State Exam (USE), parents perception of the efficiency of school education in the context of the teacher pay rise. No essential difference was revealed between parental perceptions of the state of things at school in different regions, despite the significant gap between the living standards. Parental demands towards school are restricted to three core objectives: give children knowledge required for grown-up life and work; provide socialization (discipline, rules of behavior, getting into the habit of working, development of communication skills, etc.); inculcate interest to sports and productive hobbies. Parents believe that strong specialized schools are more productive in performing those functions. Thus, we conclude that teacher pay rise has not yet been helping reduce differentiation between schools by quality of education. Despite a rather high level of overall satisfaction with school education, parents tend to believe that their children wont succeed in getting high SFE and USE scores with no test preparation courses. Almost one third of parents think that teacher pay rise could influence quality of education significantly (31.4%), while 40.3% feel changes would be inconsiderable. An overwhelming majority of parents count school teachers as middle class, which means that Russian teachers are no more perceived by parents and, hence, by students as economically unsuccessful, as it used to be in the early 2000s. DOI: 10.17323/1814-9545-2014-3-118-134

Key Trends in Russia's Education System: Results of 2012

This paper deals with issues related to the education system. The author focuses on the latest legislation adopted by the government and reorganization of its institutions.

Development of Higher Vocational Training in the Russian Federation

It was generally assumed that high standards of education, both general and vocational, represented an important advantage of the Soviet political system. This consideration was rather true to the conditions inherent in the industrial society.