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Dive into the research topics where Doreen M. Olvet is active.

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Featured researches published by Doreen M. Olvet.


Developmental Neuropsychology | 2010

Event-Related Potentials, Emotion, and Emotion Regulation: An Integrative Review

Greg Hajcak; Annmarie MacNamara; Doreen M. Olvet

Progress in the study of emotion and emotion regulation has increasingly been informed by neuroscientific methods. This article focuses on two components of the event-related potential (ERP)—the P300 and the late positive potential (LPP)—and how they can be used to understand the interaction between the more automatic and controlled processing of emotional stimuli. Research is reviewed exploring: the dynamics of emotional response as indexed at early and late latencies; neurobiological correlates of emotional response; individual and developmental differences; ways in which the LPP can be utilized as a measure of emotion regulation. Future directions for the application of ERP/electroencephalogram (EEG) in achieving a more complete understanding of emotional processing and its regulation are presented.


Clinical Psychology Review | 2008

The error-related negativity (ERN) and psychopathology: Toward an endophenotype

Doreen M. Olvet; Greg Hajcak

The ERN is a negative deflection in the event-related potential that peaks approximately 50 ms after the commission of an error. The ERN is thought to reflect early error-processing activity of the anterior cingulate cortex (ACC). First, we review current functional, neurobiological, and developmental data on the ERN. Next, the ERN is discussed in terms of three psychiatric disorders characterized by abnormal response monitoring: anxiety disorders, depression, and substance abuse. These data indicate that increased and decreased error-related brain activity is associated with the internalizing and externalizing dimensions of psychopathology, respectively. Recent data further suggest that abnormal error-processing indexed by the ERN indexes trait- but not state-related symptoms, especially related to anxiety. Overall, these data point to utility of ERN in studying risk for psychiatric disorders, and are discussed in terms of the endophenotype construct.


Biological Psychiatry | 2006

Altered serotonin 1A binding in major depression: a [carbonyl-C-11]WAY100635 positron emission tomography study.

Ramin V. Parsey; Maria A. Oquendo; R. Todd Ogden; Doreen M. Olvet; Norman Simpson; Yung-yu Huang; Ronald L. Van Heertum; Victoria Arango; J. John Mann

BACKGROUND Serotonin 1A receptors (5-HT(1A)) are implicated in the pathophysiology of major depressive disorder (MDD) and in the action of selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRI). SSRI desensitize 5-HT(1A) and down-regulate 5-HT transporters (5-HTT) with the latter persisting for weeks after discontinuation of SSRI. MDD subjects are more likely to be homozygous for the functional 5-HT(1A) G(-1019) allele of the promoter polymorphism and are postulated to have higher 5-HT(1A) than healthy volunteers (controls). We measure 5-HT(1A) in MDD, assess the effects of antidepressant exposure (AE), and examine the role of the C(-1019)G polymorphism. METHODS Genotyped and determined 5-HT(1A) binding potential (BP) by positron emission tomography (PET) using [carbonyl-C-11]-WAY-100635 in 28 medication-free MDD subjects during a current major depressive episode and 43 controls. RESULTS No difference in BP between controls and MDD subjects (p = .235). There was a difference in BP comparing the controls, antidepressant naive (AN) MDD subjects, and subjects with AE across all regions (p = .013). Post hoc testing reveals higher BP in AN compared to controls (p = .008) and to AE (p = .007). The GG genotype is overrepresented in MDD subjects (p = .059), and BP appears higher with the G allele. CONCLUSIONS AN have higher 5-HT(1A) than controls and AE suggesting a model of depression characterized by an over expression of autoinhibitory somatodendritic 5-HT(1A) receptors, perhaps due to the higher expressing G allele, that may result in reduced terminal field 5-HT release. AE appears to have long-term effects on 5-HT(1A).


Emotion | 2008

The Persistence of Attention to Emotion: Brain Potentials During and After Picture Presentation

Greg Hajcak; Doreen M. Olvet

Emotional stimuli have been shown to elicit increased perceptual processing and attentional allocation. The late positive potential (LPP) is a sustained P300-like component of the event-related potential that is enhanced after the presentation of pleasant and unpleasant pictures as compared with neutral pictures. In this study, the LPP was measured using dense array electroencephalograph both before and after pleasant, neutral, and unpleasant images to examine the time course of attentional allocation toward emotional stimuli. Results from 17 participants confirmed that the LPP was larger after emotional than neutral images and that this effect persisted for 800 ms after pleasant picture offset and at least 1,000 ms after unpleasant picture offset. The persistence of increased attention after unpleasant compared to pleasant stimuli is consistent with the existence of a negativity bias. Overall, these results indicate that attentional capture of emotion continues well beyond picture presentation and that this can be measured with the LPP. Implications and directions for future research are discussed.


Neuropsychopharmacology | 2006

Higher 5-HT1A receptor binding potential during a major depressive episode predicts poor treatment response: preliminary data from a naturalistic study.

Ramin V. Parsey; Doreen M. Olvet; Maria A. Oquendo; Yung-yu Huang; R. Todd Ogden; J. John Mann

Serotonin 1A (5-HT1A) binding potential (BP) as assessed by positron emission tomography (PET) is higher in major depressive disorder (MDD) in association with the higher expressing GG genotype of the 5-HT1A C-1019G polymorphism. We hypothesize that higher 5-HT1A BP and the GG genotype predict remission failure on antidepressant treatment. We determined 5-HT1A BP by PET and 5-HT1A C-1019G genotype in 43 controls and 22 medication-free MDD subjects. MDD was treated naturalistically and remission was defined as >50% reduction and a score of ⩽10 on the 24 item Hamilton Scale 1 year after initiation of treatment after scanning. Despite equivalent treatment, nonremitters have higher pretreatment cortical BP and the GG genotype is over-represented compared with remitters. Higher 5-HT1A BP, perhaps due to greater gene expression, may predict antidepressant medication nonremission. The findings should be tested in a controlled prospective treatment study.


Biological Psychology | 2010

Increased error-related brain activity in generalized anxiety disorder

Anna Weinberg; Doreen M. Olvet; Greg Hajcak

The error-related negativity (ERN) is a negative deflection approximately 50ms following an erroneous response, and is thought to reflect activity of the anterior cingulate cortex (ACC), a region of the medial prefrontal cortex implicated in the pathophysiology of a number of affective disorders, including generalized anxiety disorder (GAD). Pathological worry, the hallmark of GAD, has been linked to increased error-related brain activity, although no studies to date have examined the ERN among a clinical GAD sample. The present study measured electrocortical indices of error monitoring in a well-characterized, medication-free GAD sample. Brain activity was recorded in 17 GAD and 24 control subjects. The GAD group was characterized by a larger ERN and an increased difference between error and correct trials; a larger ERN was associated with increased self-reported anxiety and depression symptoms. Individuals with GAD have exaggerated early neural responses to errors, consistent with fMRI work implicating ACC abnormalities in GAD.


Journal of Cerebral Blood Flow and Metabolism | 2005

Regional heterogeneity of 5-HT1A receptors in human cerebellum as assessed by positron emission tomography.

Ramin V. Parsey; Victoria Arango; Doreen M. Olvet; Maria A. Oquendo; Ronald L. Van Heertum; J. John Mann

Two measures used in brain imaging are binding potential (BP) and the specific to nonspecific equilibrium partition coefficient (V3“). V3” determined using the 5-HT1A ligand [11C]WAY-100635 is sensitive to changes in the free and nonspecific binding of the ligand in the reference region (V2). Healthy female volunteers have higher 5-HT1A BP but not V3“ compared with men, because V2 is higher in women. While there could be several explanations for this observation, we hypothesized that women have more 5-HT1A receptors in the cerebellum. We explore the cerebellum to define a subregion that more accurately represents the free and nonspecific binding, potentially allowing the use of V3”. A quantitative autoradiogram in human brain using [3H]WAY-100635 identified a cerebellar subregion devoid of 5-HT1A receptors. In vivo 5-HT1A receptors were evaluated using [11C]WAY-100635 in 12 healthy women and 13 healthy men. Each subject had a metabolite-corrected arterial input function. The autoradiogram demonstrates the lowest concentration of 5-HT1A receptors in the cerebellar white matter (CW) and highest concentration in the cerebellar vermis (CV). The CW volume of distribution (VT) is lower than CV. Cerebellar white matter is adequately modeled by a one-tissue compartmental model, while a two-tissue model is necessary to model CV or the total cerebellum (CT). Women have a higher CW VT compared with men, suggesting a difference in V2. Use of CW improves identifiability and time stability of BP in cortical regions. Cerebellar white matter might be a better reference region for use in future 5-HT1A studies using [11C]WAY-100635. With CW as a reference region, V3“ cannot be used to detect differences in 5-HT1A receptors between men and women, suggesting the need for arterial input functions to determine BP.


Brain Research | 2009

Reliability of error-related brain activity.

Doreen M. Olvet; Greg Hajcak

Recent studies that have examined neural correlates of action monitoring with event-related potentials (ERPs) have focused on the error-related negativity (ERN) and error positivity (Pe) on error trials, as well as the correct response negativity (CRN) on correct trials. Moreover, the ERN has been assessed in relation to a number of personality traits and psychiatric disorders. However, no study to date has assessed the reliability of the ERN, Pe, and CRN. We measured these ERPs in 45 undergraduates at baseline and 2 weeks later. For split-half and test-retest reliabilities, both the intersubject stability and score agreement were high for the ERN, CRN, and Pe. These data demonstrate excellent reliability of ERPs elicited during response monitoring, and further suggest that these ERPs are well-suited to assess trait characteristics and individual differences.


JAMA Psychiatry | 2013

Prediction of Functional Outcome in Individuals at Clinical High Risk for Psychosis

Ricardo E. Carrión; Danielle McLaughlin; Terry E. Goldberg; Andrea M. Auther; Ruth Olsen; Doreen M. Olvet; Christoph U. Correll; Barbara A. Cornblatt

IMPORTANCE A major public health concern associated with schizophrenia and psychotic disorders is the long-term disability that involves impaired cognition, lack of social support, and an inability to function independently in the community. A critical goal of early detection and intervention studies in psychosis is therefore to understand the factors leading to this often profound impairment. OBJECTIVE To develop a predictive model of functional (social and role) outcome in a clinical high-risk sample for psychosis. DESIGN Prospective, naturalistic, longitudinal 3- to 5-year follow-up study. SETTING The Recognition and Prevention Program in New York, a research clinic located in the Zucker Hillside Hospital in New York. PARTICIPANTS One hundred one treatment-seeking patients at clinical high risk for psychosis. Ninety-two (91%) were followed up prospectively for a mean (SD) of 3 (1.6) years. INTERVENTION Neurocognitive and clinical assessment. MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES The primary outcome variables were social and role functioning at the last follow-up visit. RESULTS Poor social outcome was predicted by reduced processing speed (odds ratio [OR], 1.38; 95% CI, 1.050-1.823; P = .02), impaired social functioning at baseline (OR, 1.85; 95% CI, 1.258-2.732; P = .002), and total disorganized symptoms (OR, 5.06; 95% CI, 1.548-16.527; P = .007). Reduced performance on tests for verbal memory (OR, 1.74; 95% CI, 1.169-2.594; P = .006), role functioning at baseline (OR, 1.34; 95% CI, 1.053-1.711; P = .02), and motor disturbances (OR, 1.77; 95% CI, 1.060-2.969; P = .03) predicted role outcome. The areas under the curve for the social and role prediction models were 0.824 (95% CI, 0.736-0.913; P < .001) and 0.77 (95% CI, 0.68-0.87; P < .001), respectively, demonstrating a high discriminative ability. In addition, poor functional outcomes were not entirely dependent on the development of psychosis, because 40.3% and 45.5% of nonconverters at clinical high risk had poor social and role outcomes, respectively. CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE Results from this study support the increasing emphasis on functional decline as a critically important outcome that parallels conversion to psychosis and suggest that both psychosis and long-term functional disability are equally important targets for prevention. Reduced neurocognitive performance, functional impairments, and nonpositive attenuated symptoms at baseline were associated with an increased risk of poor functional outcomes in our sample. Poor functional outcomes were not entirely dependent on positive symptoms and the development of psychosis, further highlighting the need for intervention at this early stage of development for those who do and do not convert to a full-blown psychotic disorder.


Cognitive, Affective, & Behavioral Neuroscience | 2009

The effect of trial-to-trial feedback on the error-related negativity and its relationship with anxiety

Doreen M. Olvet; Greg Hajcak

Individuals with anxiety disorders and related personality traits are characterized by increased error-related brain activity, as measured by the error-related negativity (ERN) in simple speeded response tasks. An absent, or opposite, relation between anxiety and the ERN has been reported in studies that employed reinforcement learning paradigms with trial-to-trial feedback. Understanding the effect of trial-to-trial feedback on the ERN may help clarify these results and can further elucidate the impact of feedback on performance monitoring. In the present study, 30 undergraduate participants performed two versions of the arrowhead version of the flanker task in counterbalanced order: one with trial-to-trial feedback and one without. The participants were slower and more accurate in the task with trial-to-trial feedback; however, the ERN was equivalent between the two tasks. Larger ERNs were related to higher trait anxiety, but only in the version without trial-to-trial feedback. These findings show that although trial-to-trial performance feedback impacts behavioral measures, it does not affect the ERN; moreover, the presence of trial-to-trial feedback moderates the relationship between the ERN and anxiety.

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Barbara A. Cornblatt

North Shore-LIJ Health System

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Greg Hajcak

Florida State University

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Diana O. Perkins

University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill

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Ming T. Tsuang

University of California

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